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Issue: Vol. 5298 No. 1: 7 Jun. 2023
Type: Monograph
Published: 2023-06-07
DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5298.1.1
Page range: 1-74
Abstract views: 784
PDF downloaded: 40

Two centuries of sponges (phylum Porifera) taxonomic studies in Indonesia (1820–2021): checklist and bibliography

Universitas Hasanuddin; Fakultas Ilmu Kelautan dan Perikanan; Program Doktor Ilmu Perikanan; Makassar 90245; Indonesia; Balai Pengembangan Penjaminan Mutu Pendidikan Vokasi Bidang Kelautan Perikanan Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi (BPPMPV KPTK); Departemen Kelautan/Laboratorium Hasil Laut; Gowa 92172; Indonesia; Lestari Alam Laut Untuk Negeri (LATUN); Bengkulu 38116; Indonesia
Universitas Hasanuddin; Fakultas Ilmu Kelautan dan Perikanan; Program Studi Ilmu Kelautan; Makassar 90245; Indonesia
Universitas Hasanuddin; Fakultas Ilmu Kelautan dan Perikanan; Program Studi Ilmu Kelautan; Makassar 90245; Indonesia
Naturalis Biodiversity Center; Marine Biodiversity; 2333 CR Leiden; The Netherlands; Leiden University; Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML); Department of Environmental Biology; 2333 CC Leiden; The Netherlands
Porifera Calcarea Demospongiae Hexactinellida Homoscleromorpha Indo-Pacific Taxonomy and systematics

Abstract

Sponges in Indonesia have been studied since the 19th century during several historical expeditions and international collaborations. Hundreds of new species were reported from various locations, e.g., Ambon, Ternate, Sulawesi, Aru, and Kei Islands. This study aimed to create a sponge (Porifera: Calcarea, Demospongiae, Hexactinellida, and Homoscleromorpha) species checklist from Indonesia based on World Porifera Database. With a total of 731 species, our checklist comprises approximately 45 species of Calcarea, 566 species of Demospongiae, 115 species of Hexactinellida, and five species of Homoscleromorpha. The number of species are recorded from 12 marine ecoregions across the Indonesian Archipelago and freshwater habitats (Spongillida) between 1820–2021. The species composition indicates higher regional endemism or poorly studied since no other report after the original description. However, several marine ecoregions of Indonesia remain highly overlooked (e.g., Northeast Sulawesi, Papua, Southern Java, Western Sumatra), including freshwater habitats. Therefore, a taxonomic biodiversity baseline study, particularly on Porifera, is necessary to better understand the aquatic and marine biodiversity in the Indonesia Archipelago.

 

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