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Issue: Vol. 5330 No. 2: 15 Aug. 2023
Type: Article
Published: 2023-08-15
DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5330.2.5
Page range: 265-279
Abstract views: 625
PDF downloaded: 35

New species of Monomitopus (Ophidiidae) from Hawaiʻi, with the description of a larval coiling behavior

Department of Vertebrate Zoology; National Museum of Natural History; Smithsonian Institution; Washington; DC 20560; USA; Biodiversity Institute; University of Kansas; Lawrence; KS 66045; USA
Virginia Institute of Marine Science and College of William and Mary; Gloucester Pt.; VA 23062; USA
Department of Vertebrate Zoology; National Museum of Natural History; Smithsonian Institution; Washington; DC 20560; USA
Pisces Blackwater COI Ianniello’s coil Integrative taxonomy Monomitopus agassizii

Abstract

In 1985, Carter and Cohen noted that there are several yet-to-be described species of Monomitopus (Ophidiidae), including one from Hawaiʻi. Recently, blackwater divers collected a larval fish off Kona, Hawaiʻi, similar to the previously described larvae of M. kumae, but DNA sequence data from the larva does not match any of the six previously sequenced species within the genus. Within the Smithsonian Institution’s National Museum of Natural History Ichthyology Collection, we find a single unidentified adult specimen of Monomitopus collected North of Maui, Hawaiʻi in 1972 whose fin-ray and vertebral/myomere counts overlap those of the larval specimen. We describe this new Hawaiian species of Monomitopus based on larval and adult characters. Additionally, blackwater photographs of several species of Monomitopus show the larvae coiled into a tight ball, a novel behavior to be observed in cusk-eels. We describe this behavior, highlighting the importance of blackwater photography in advancing our understanding of marine larval fish biology.

 

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