Skip to main content Skip to main navigation menu Skip to site footer
Type: Article
Published: 2023-10-20
Page range: 451-501
Abstract views: 473
PDF downloaded: 221

Updated list of the mammals of Costa Rica, with notes on recent taxonomic changes

Department of Biology and Museum of Vertebrate Biology; Portland State University; Portland; Oregon 97207-0751; USA; Carrera de Gestión Ecoturística; Sede Central; Universidad Técnica Nacional; Alajuela; Costa Rica
Department of Biology and Museum of Vertebrate Biology; Portland State University; Portland; Oregon 97207-0751; USA
Mammalia Cetartiodactyla Conservation IUCN criteria Mammal orders Megadiverse

Abstract

Although Costa Rica occupies a mere 0.03% of the Earth’s land area, it nevertheless has recorded within its borders approximately 5% of the global diversity of mammals, thus making it one of the world’s megadiverse countries. Over the past ten years, 22 species have been added to the country’s inventory, bringing the total number known as here documented to 271; Chiroptera account for ten of these, having grown to 124 from 114; rodents have increased by eight species, from 47 to 55, with the caveat that we include three invasive species of Muridae that have gone feral. In contrast, the number of orders has decreased by one, by Artiodactyla incorporating the former Cetacea. Notes are provided for all taxonomic novelties since the last update. Since the first taxonomic compendium of the mammals of Costa Rica in 1869, the number of known species has grown by approximately 1.22 species year-1 (R2 = 0.96). Since 1983 however, this growth rate has been 1.64 species year-1 (R2 = 0.98). Despite this strong growth, an asymptote in the number of known species has not been reached. Conservation remains a primary need: over 60% of the country’s mammal species show population trends that are decreasing (13%), unknown (37%), or not assessed (11%), based on IUCN criteria. These analyses suggest that much remains to be known regarding the number of mammal species living in Costa Rica, but also that much more remains to be done to safeguard Costa Rica’s exceptional biodiversity heritage.

 

References

  1. Abreu-Jr., E.F., Pavan, S.E., Tsuchiya, M.T.N., Wilson, D.E., Percequillo, A.R. & Maldonado, J.E. (2020a) Museomics of tree squirrels: a dense taxon sampling of mitogenomes reveals hidden diversity, phenotypic convergence, and the need of a taxonomic overhaul. BMC Evolutionary Biology, 20, 77. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12862-020-01639-y
  2. Abreu-Jr., E.F., Pavan, S.E., Tsuchiya, M.T.N., Wilson, D.E., Percequillo, A.R. & Maldonado, J.E. (2020b) Spatiotemporal diversification of tree squirrels: Is the South American invasion and speciation really that recent and fast? Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, 8, 230. https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2020.00230
  3. Abreu-Jr., E.F., Pavan, S.E., Tsuchiya, M.T.N., McLean, B.S., Wilson, D.E., Percequillo, A.R. & Maldonado, J.E. (2022) Old specimens for old branches: Assessing effects of sample age in resolving a rapid Neotropical radiation of squirrels. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 175, 107576. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2022.107576
  4. Acosta, L.E., Garbino, G.S.T., Gasparini, G.M. & Dutra, R.P. (2020) Unraveling the nomenclatural puzzle of the collared and white lipped peccaries (Mammalia, Cetartiodactyla, Tayassuidae). Zootaxa, 4851 (1), 60–80. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4851.1.2
  5. Alberico, M., Rojas-Díaz, V. & Moreno, J.G. (1999) Aporte sobre la taxonomía y distribución de los puercosespines (Rodentia: Erethizontidae) en Colombia. Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias, 23 (Suplemento Especial), 595–612.
  6. Alfaro A. (1897) Mamíferos de Costa Rica. Tipografía Nacional, San José, 51 pp.
  7. Alfaro-Lara, H., Villalobos-Chaves, D., Castillo-Gómez, J.I., Zuñiga-Montero, A.F. & Pineda-Lizano, W. (2019) Rediscovery of Furipterus horrens (Chiroptera: Furipteridae) in Costa Rica. Mammalia, 83 (4), 352–356. https://doi.org/10.1515/mammalia-2018-0066
  8. Alston, E.R. (1879–1882) Biologia Centrali–Americana. Mammalia, or contributions to the knowledge of the fauna and flora of Mexico. Taylor and Francis, London, xx + 220 pp., 22 pls.
  9. Allen, G.M. (1908) Notes on Chiroptera. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, 52, 25–62, 1 (unnumbered) pl.
  10. Allen, G.M. (1932) A Pleistocene bat from Florida. Journal of Mammalogy, 13 (3), 256–259. https://doi.org/10.2307/1374001
  11. Allen, H. (1862 [published 1863]) Descriptions of two new species of Vespetilionide [sic], and some remarks on the genus Antrozous. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 14, 246–248.
  12. Allen, H. (1894) A monograph on the bats of North America. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 43, 1–198. https://doi.org/10.5479/si.03629236.43.i
  13. Allen, J.A. (1891a) Descriptions of a new species and a new subspecies of the genus Lepus. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 3 (Article 8), 159–160. [http://hdl.handle.net/2246/582]
  14. Allen, J.A. (1891b) Notes on a collection of mammals from Costa Rica. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 3 (Article 14), 203–218. [http://hdl.handle.net/2246/841]
  15. Allen, J.A. (1893) Further notes on Costa Rica mammals, with description of a new species of Oryzomys. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 5 (Article 15), 237–240. [http://hdl.handle.net/2246/790]
  16. Allen, J.A. (1895a) On the species of the genus Reithrodontomys. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 7 (Article 3), 107–143. [http://hdl.handle.net/2246/807]
  17. Allen, J.A. (1895b) Descriptions of new American mammals. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 7 (Article 10), 327–340. [http://hdl.handle.net/2246/532]
  18. Allen, J.A. (1897) Additional notes on Costa Rican mammals, with descriptions of new species. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 9 (Article 3), 31–44, pl. I. [http://hdl.handle.net/2246/962]
  19. Allen, J.A. (1900) Note on the generic names of Didelphis and Philander. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 13 (Article 15), 185–190.
  20. Allen, J.A. (1904) New Bats from Tropical America, with note on species of Otopterus. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 20 (Article 20), 227–237. [http://hdl.handle.net/2246/668]
  21. Allen, J.A. (1905) Mammalia of southern Patagonia. In: Scott, W.B. (Ed.), Reports of the Princeton University Expeditions to Patagonia, 1896–1899. Vol. 3. Zöology. Part 1. E. Schweizwerbart’sche Verlagshandlung (E. Nägele), Stuttgart, 210 pp., 29 pls.
  22. Allen, J.A. (1906) Mammals from the states of Sinaloa and Jalisco, Mexico, collected by J. H. Batty during 1904 and 1905. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 22 (Article 12), 191–262, pls. XX–XXXIII. [http://hdl.handle.net/2246/521]
  23. Allen, J.A. (1913) Revision of the Melanomys group of American Muridae. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 32 (Article 36), 533–554. [http://hdl.handle.net/2246/477]
  24. Allen, J.A. (1914) New South American bats and a new octodont. Bulletin American Museum of Natural History, 33 (Article 29), 381–389. [http://hdl.handle.net/2246/1820]
  25. Álvarez, J. (1929) Temas de historia econoìmica Argentina. El Ateneo, Buenos Aires, 237 pp.
  26. Anthony, H.E. (1921) Preliminary report on Ecuadorean mammals. No. 1. American Museum Novitates, 20, 1–6. [http://hdl.handle.net/2246/4636]
  27. Arellano, E., González-Cózatl, F.X. & Rogers, D.S. (2005) Molecular systematics of Middle American harvest mice Reithrodontomys (Muridae), estimated from mitochondrial cytochrome b gene sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 37 (2), 529–540. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2005.07.021
  28. Arnason, U., Gullberg, A., Gretarsdottir, S., Ursing, B. & Janke, A. (2000) The mitochondrial genome of the sperm whale and a new molecular reference for estimating eutherian divergence dates. Journal of Molecular Evolution, 50 (6), 569–578. https://doi.org/10.1007/s002390010060
  29. Arnason, U., Adegoke, J.A., Bodin, K., Born, E.W., Esa, Y.B., Gullberg, A., Nilsson, M., Short, R.V., Xu, X. & Janke, A. (2002) Mammalian mitogenomic relationships and the root of the eutherian tree. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 99 (12), 8151–8156. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.102164299
  30. Arnason, U., Adegoke, J.A., Gullberg, A., Harley, E.H., Janke, A. & Kullberg, M. (2008) Mitogenomic relationships of placental mammals and molecular estimates of their divergences. Gene, 421 (1–2), 37–51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gene.2008.05.024
  31. Asher, R.J. & Helgen, K.M. (2010) Nomenclature and placental mammal phylogeny. BMC Evolutionary Biology, 10, 102. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-10-102
  32. de Azara, F. (1801) Essais sur l’histoire naturelle des quadrupèdes de la Province du Paraguay. Vols. 1 & 2. Charles Pougens, Paris, lxxx + 366 pp. & 499 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.110393
  33. de Azara, F. (1802) Apuntamientos para la historia natural de los quadrúpedos del Paragüay y Rio de la Plata. Vols. 1 & 2. Imprenta de la Viuda de Ibarra, Madrid, 318 pp. & 328 pp.
  34. Baird, A.B., Marchán-Rivadeneira, M.R., Pérez, S.G. & Baker, R J. (2012) Morphological analysis and description of two new species of Rhogeessa (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) from the Neotropics. Occasional Papers, Museum of Texas Tech University, 307, 1–25.
  35. Baird, A.B., J.K. Braun, Mares, M.A., Morales, J.C., Patton, J.C., Tran, C.Q. & Bickham, J.W. (2015) Molecular systematic revision of tree bats (Lasiurini): doubling the native mammals of the Hawaiian Islands. Journal of Mammalogy, 96 (6), 1255–1274. https://doi.org/10.1093/ jmammal/gyv135
  36. Baird, A.B., Braun, J.K., Engstrom, M.D., Holbert, A.C., Huerta, M.G., Lim, B.K., Mares, M.A., Patton, J.C. & Bickham J.W. (2017) Nuclear and mtDNA phylogenetic analyses clarify the evolutionary history of two species of native Hawaiian bats and the taxonomy of Lasiurini (Mammalia: Chiroptera). PLoS ONE, 12 (10), e0186085. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0186085
  37. Baird, A.B., Light, J.E. & Bickham, J.W. (2019) A new species of Rhogeessa from Nicaragua based on morphological, karyotypic, and molecular data. In: Bradley, R.D. Genoways, H.H., Schmidly, D.J. & Bradley, L.C. (Eds.), From field to laboratory: a memorial volume in honor of Robert J. Baker. Special Publications, Museum of Texas Tech University, 71, pp. 257–273.
  38. Baird, A.B., Braun, J.K., Engstrom, M.D., Lim, B.K., Mares, M.A., Patton, J.C. & Bickham, J.W. (2021) On the utility of taxonomy to reflect biodiversity: the example of Lasiurini (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae). Therya, 12 (2), 283–289. https://doi.org/10.12933/therya-21-1117
  39. Baker, R.J. & Bradley, R.D. (2006) Speciation in mammals and the Genetic Species Concept. Journal of Mammalogy, 87 (4), 643–662. https://doi.org/10.1644/06-MAMM-F-038R2.1
  40. Baker, R.J. & López, G. (1970) Chromosomal variation in bats of the genus Uroderma (Phyllostomidae). Journal of Mammalogy, 51 (4), 786–789. https://doi.org/10.2307/1378302
  41. Baker, R.J. & McDaniel, V.R. (1972) A new subspecies of Uroderma bilobatum (Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae) from Middle America. Occasional Papers, Museum of Texas Tech University, 7, 1–4. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.142912
  42. Baker, R.J., Atchley, W.R. & McDaniel, V.R. (1972) Karyology and morphometrics of Peters’ tent making bat, Uroderma bilobatum Peters (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae). Systematic Zoology, 21 (4), 414–429. https://doi-org/10.2307/2412434
  43. Bangs, O. (1901) The mammals collected in San Miguel Island, Panama, by W. W. Brown, Jr. American Naturalist, 35 (416), 631–644. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/2453907] https://doi.org/10.1086/277980
  44. Bangs, O. (1902) Chiriqui Mammalia. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoölogy at Harvard College, 39 (2), 17–51.
  45. Bartlett, S.N., McDonough, M.M. & Ammerman, L.A. (2013) Molecular systematics of bonneted bats (Molossidae: Eumops) based on mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequences. Journal of Mammalogy, 94 (4), 867–880. https://doi.org/10.1644/12-MAMM-A-134.1
  46. Barton, N.H. (1982) The structure of the hybrid zone in Uroderma bilobatum (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae). Evolution, 36 (4), 863–866. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1982.tb05452.x
  47. Basantes M., Tinoco, N., Velazco, P.M., Hofmann, M.J., Rodríguez-Posada, M.E. & Camacho, M.A. (2020) Systematics and taxonomy of Tonatia saurophila Koopman & Williams, 1951 (Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae). ZooKeys, 915, 59–86. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.915.46995
  48. Bickford, D., Lohman, D.J., Sodhi, N.S., Ng, P.K.L., Meier, R., Winker, K., Ingram, K.K. & Das, I. (2007) Cryptic species as a window on diversity and conservation. Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 22 (3), 148–155. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2006.11.004
  49. Bininda-Emonds, O. R. P., Gittleman, J.L. & Purvis, A. (1999) Building large trees by combining phylogenetic information: a complete phylogeny of the extant Carnivora (Mammalia). Biological Reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, 74 (2), 143–175. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0006323199005307
  50. Bininda-Emonds, O.R.P., Cardillo, M., Jones, K.E., MacPhee, R.D.E., Beck, R.M.D., Grenyer, R., Price, S.A., Vos, R.A., Gittleman, J.L. & Purvis, A. (2007) The delayed rise of present-day mammals. Nature, 446 (7135), 507–512 (Erratum published in v. 456 (7219), 274). https://doi.org/10.1038/nature05634
  51. Bonaparte, C.L. (1851) Conspectus systematis mastozoologiae. Editio altera reformata. 1850. Nuovi Annali delle Scienze Naturali, Series 3, 3, 472–479.
  52. Borgelt, J., Dorber, M., Høiberg, M.A. & Verones, F. (2022) More than half of data deficient species predicted to be threatened by extinction. Communications Biology, 5, 679. https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-022-03638-9
  53. Bosma, A.A., de Haan, N.A., Arkesteijn, G.J.A., Yang, F., Yerle, M. & Zijlstra, C. (2004) Comparative chromosome painting between the domestic pig (Sus scrofa) and two species of peccary, the collared peccary (Tayassu tajacu) and the white-lipped peccary (T. pecari): a phylogenetic perspective. Cytogenetics and Genome Research, 105 (1), 115–121. https://doi.org/10.1159/000078017
  54. Bradley, R.D. & Baker, R. J. (2001) A test for the Genetic Species Concept: cytochrome-b sequences in mammals. Journal of Mammalogy, 82 (4), 960–973. https://doi.org/10.1644/1545-1542(2001)082<0960:ATOTGS>2.0.CO;2
  55. Bradley, R.D., Durish, N.D., Rogers, D.S., Miller, J.R., Engstrom, M.D. & Kilpatrick, C.W. (2007) Toward a molecular phylogeny for Peromyscus: evidence from mitochondrial cytochrome-b sequences. Journal of Mammalogy, 88 (5), 1146–1159. https://doi.org/10.1644/06-mamm-a-342r.1
  56. Bradley, R.D., Nuñez-Tabares, M., Soniat, T.J., Kerr, S., Russell, R.W. & Ordóñez-Garza, N. (2016) Molecular systematics and phylogeography of Peromyscus nudipes (Cricetidae: Neotominae). In: Manning, R.W., Goetze, J. & Yancey II, F.D. (Eds.), Contributions in Natural History: A Memorial Volume in Honor of Clyde Jones. Museum of Texas Tech University Special Publications, Lubbock, Texas, pp. 201–213.
  57. Brace, S., Thomas, J.A., Dalén, L., Burger, J., MacPhee, R.D.E., Barnes, I. & Turvey, S.T. (2011) Evolutionary history of the Nesophontidae, the last unplaced Recent mammal family. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 33 (12), 3095–3103. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msw186
  58. Brandt, J.F. (1835) Mammalium rodentium exoticorum novorum vel minus rite cognitorum musei academici zoologici descriptiones et icons. Sectio I. Hystricum, quae in museo academic servantur generum atque specierum illustrationes. Mémoires de l’Académie impériale des sciences de St. Pétersbourg, Series 6, 3 (2), 357–442, 17 pls.
  59. Brandt, J.F. (1873) Untersuchungen über die Fossilien und Subfossilien cetaceen Europa’s. Mémoires de l’Académie Impériale des Sciences de St. Pétersbourg, Series 7, 20 (1), I–VIII + 1–372, pls. I–XXXIV.
  60. Brisson, M.–J. (1762) Regnum animale in classes IX. Distributum, sive synopsis methodica: sistens generalem animalium distributionem in classes IX, & duarum primarum classium, quadrupedum scilicet & cetaceorum, particularem divisionem in ordines, sectiones, genera & species: cum brevi cujusque speciei descriptione, citationibus auctorum de iis tractantium, nominibus eis ab ipsis & nationibus impositis, nominibusque vulgaribus. 2nd Edition. Theodorum Haak, Leiden, 296 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.40361
  61. Bruce, M.D. & Bahr, N. (2020) The discovery and naming of the remarkable Tooth-billed Pigeon Didunculus strigirostris of Samoa and the history of the reception, attempted suppression and acceptance of Titian Peale’s report on the mammals and birds of the United States Exploring Expedition 1838–1842 (1849), with a summary of the status of Peale’s new species. Sherbornia, 6 (1), 1–42.
  62. Burgin, C.J., Collela, J.P., Kahn, P.L. & Upham, N.S. (2018) How many species of mammals are there? Journal of Mammalogy, 99 (1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1093/jmammal/gyx147
  63. Calahorra-Oliart, A., Ospina-Garcés, S.M. & León-Paniagua, L. (2021) Cryptic species in Glossophaga soricina (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae): do morphological data support molecular evidence? Journal of Mammalogy, 102 (1), 54–68. https://doi.org/10.1093/jmammal/gyaa116
  64. Canhos, D.A., Sousa-Baena, M.S., de Souza, S., Maia, L.C., Stehmann, J.R., Canhos, V.P., De Giovanni, R., Bonacelli, M.B.M., Los, W. & Peterson, A.T. (2015) The importance of biodiversity e-infrastructures for megadiverse countries. PLoS Biology, 13 (7), e1002204. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1002204
  65. Cardarelli, F. (2003) Encyclopaedia of scientific units, weights and measures: their SI equivalences and origins. Springer-Verlag, London, xxiv + 848 pp. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-0003-4
  66. Carleton, M.D. (1989) Systematics and evolution. In: Kirkland Jr., G.L. & Layne, J.N. (Eds.), Advances in the study of Peromyscus. Texas Tech University Press, Lubbock, Texas, pp. 7–142.
  67. Carrillo, E., Wong, G. & Sáenz, J. (1999) Mamíferos de Costa Rica/Costa Rica Mammals. Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad (INBio). Santo Domingo, Heredia, 248 pp.
  68. Carrión-Bonilla, C.A. & Cook, J.A. (2020) A new bat species of the genus Myotis with comments on the phylogenetic placement of M. keaysi and M. pilosatibialis. Therya, 11 (3), 508–532. https://doi.org/10.12933/therya-20-999
  69. Ceballos, G. & Ehrlich P.R. (2009) Discoveries of new mammal species and their implications for conservation and ecosystem services. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 106 (10), 3841–3846. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0812419106
  70. Choate, J.R. (1970) Systematics and zoogeography of Middle American shrews of the genus Cryptotis. University of Kansas Publications, Museum of Natural History, 19, 195–317.
  71. fhttps://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.15450
  72. Cirranello, A., Simmons, N.B., Solari, S. & Baker, R.J. (2016) Morphological diagnoses of higher-level phyllostomid taxa (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae). Acta Chiropterologica, 18 (1), 39–71. https://doi.org/10.3161/15081109ACC2016.18.1.002
  73. Cuvier, G. (1816) Le règne animal distribué d’après son organisation, pour servir de base a l’histoire naturelle des animaux et d’introduction a l’anatomie comparée. Vol. 1. Deterville, Paris, 540 pp. [see Roux (1976) for the use of 1816, rather than 1817, as the publication date]
  74. Cuvier, F. (1822) Examen des espèces du genre porc-épic, et formation des genres ou sous-genre Acanthion, Eréthizon, Sinéthère et Shiggure. Mémoires du Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, 9, 413–437, pls. XX–XXI.
  75. Cuvier, F. (1825) Des dents des mammifères, considérées comme caractères zoologiques. F. G. Levrault, Strasbourg and Paris, 258 pp.
  76. Davis, W.B. (1968) Review of the genus Uroderma (Chiroptera). Journal of Mammalogy, 49 (4), 676–698. https://doi.org/10.2307/1378728
  77. Davis, W.B. (1980) New Sturnira (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) from Central and South America, with key to currently recognized species. Occasional Papers, The Museum, Texas Tech University, 70, 1–5. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.156537
  78. Davis, W.B. (1984) Review of the large fruit-eating bats of the Artibeus “lituratus” complex (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) in Middle America. Occasional Papers, The Museum, Texas Tech University, 93, 1–16. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.156552
  79. Delsuc, F., Catzeflis, F.M., Stanhope, M.J. & Douzery, E.J.P. ( 2001) The evolution of armadillos, anteaters, and sloths depicted by nuclear and mitochondrial phylogenies: implications for the status of the enigmatic fossil Eurotamandua. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, B: Biological Sciences, 268 (1476), 1605–1615. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2001.1702
  80. Delsuc, F., Scally, M., Madsen, O., Stanhope, M.J., De Jong, W.W., Catzeflis, F.M., Springer, M.S. & Douzery, E.J.P. (2002) Molecular phylogeny of living xenarthrans and the impact of character and taxon sampling on the placental tree rooting. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 19 (10), 1656–1671. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a003989
  81. Delsuc, F., Stanhope, M.J. & Douzery, E.J.P. (2003) Molecular systematics of armadillos (Xenarthra, Dasypodidae): contribution of maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses of mitochondrial and nuclear genes. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 28 (2), 261–275. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1055-7903(03)00111-8
  82. Delsuc, F., Vizcaíno, S.F. & Douzery, E.J.P. (2004) Influence of Tertiary paleoenvironmental changes on the diversification of South American mammals: a relaxed molecular clock study within xenarthrans. BMC Evolutionary Biology, 4, 11. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-4-11
  83. Delsuc, F., Superina, M., Tilak, M.K., Douzery, E.J.P. & Hassanin, A. (2012) Molecular phylogenetics unveils the ancient evolutionary origins of the enigmatic fairy armadillos. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 62 (2), 673–680. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2011.11.008
  84. Delsuc, F., Kuch, M., Gibb, G. C., Karpinski, E., Hackenberger, D., Szpak, P., Martínez, J.G., Mead, J.I., McDonald, H.G., MacPhee, R.D.E., Billet, G., Hautier, L. & Poinar, H.N. (2019) Ancient mitogenomes reveal the evolutionary history and biogeography of sloths. Current Biology, 29 (12), 2031–2042. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2019.05.043
  85. Desmarest, A.G. (1817) Hamster. In: Nouveau Dictionnaire d’Histoire Naturelle, Appliquée aux Arts, A l’Agriculture, à l’économie rurale et domestique, à la médecine, etc. Vol. 14. Deterville, Paris, pp. 167–181.
  86. Dobson, G.E. (1878) Catalogue of the Chiroptera in the collection of the British Museum. British Museum (Natural History), London, 567 pp., XXX pls.
  87. Dolan, P.G. (1989) Systematics of Middle American mastiff bats of the genus Molossus. Special Publications, The Museum, Texas Tech University, 29, 1–71. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.142636
  88. dos Reis, M., Inoue, J., Hasegawa, M., Asher, R.J., Donoghue, P.C.J. & Yang, Z. (2012) Phylogenomic datasets provide both precision and accuracy in estimating the timescale of placental mammal phylogeny. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 279, 3491–3500. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2012.0683
  89. Eger, J.L. (2008) Family Molossidae. In: Gardner, A.L. (Ed.), Mammals of South America. Vol. 1. Marsupials, xenarthrans, shrews and bats. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Illinois, pp. 399–440.
  90. Enders, R.K. & Pearson, O.P. (1940) A new subspecies of Reithrodontomys mexicanus from Panama with remarks on R. mexicanus cherrii. Notulae Naturae, 60, 1–2.
  91. Espinal, M., Mora, J.M. & O’Reilly, C. (2016) The occurrence of the Pealeʼs free-tailed bat (Nyctinomops aurispinosus, Molossidae) in Central America. Caribbean Journal of Science, 49 (1), 79–82. https://doi.org/10.18475/cjos.v49i1.a8
  92. Esquivel, D.A., Pereira, M.J.R., Stuhler, J.D., Rossoni, D.M., Velazco, P.M. & Bianchi, F.M. (2022) Multiples lines of evidence unveil cryptic diversity in the Lophostoma brasiliense (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) complex. Systematics and Biodiversity, 20 (1), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1080/14772000.2022.2110172
  93. Feldhamer, G.A., Merritt, J.F., Krajewski, C., Rachlow, J.L. & Stewart, K.M. (2020) Mammalogy: adaptation, diversity, ecology. 5th Edition. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Maryland, 744 pp.
  94. Fischer [von Waldheim], G. (1814) Zoognosia tabulis synopticis illustrata: in usum praelectionum Academiae Imperialis Mmedico-Chirugicae Mosquensis. Vol. 3. Quadrupedum reliquorum, Cetorum et monotrymatum descriptionem continens. Nicolai Sergeidis Vsevolozsky, Moscow, xxiv + 732 pp.
  95. Fitzinger, L.J. (1870) Kritische durchsicht der ordnung der flatterthiere oder handflüger (Chiroptera). Sitzungsberichte der Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Classe der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, I Abtheilung: Mineralogie, Botanik, Zoologie, Anatomie, Geologie und Paläontologie, 62, 353–438.
  96. von Frantzius, A. (1869) Die Säugethiere Costaricas, ein Beitrag zur Kenntniss der geographischen Verbreitung der Säugethiere Amerikas. Archiv für Naturgeschichte, 35 (1), 247–325.
  97. Garbino, G.S.T., Lim, B.K. & Tavares, V. da C. (2020) Systematics of big-eyed bats, genus Chiroderma Peters, 1860 (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae). Zootaxa, 4846 (1), 1–93. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4846.1.1
  98. Gardner, A.L. (1983) Proechimys semispinosus (Rodentia: Echimyidae): distribution, type locality, and taxonomic history. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 96 (1), 134–144.
  99. Gardner, A.L. & Carleton M.D. (2009) A new species of Reithrodontomys, subgenus Aporodon (Cricetidae: Neotominae), from the highlands of Costa Rica, with comments on Costa Rican and Panamanian Reithrodontomys. In: Voss, R.S. & Carleton, M.D. (Eds.), Systematic mammalogy: contributions in honor of Guy G. Musser. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 331, 157–182. [http://hdl.handle.net/2246/6035] https://doi.org/10.1206/582-5.1
  100. Gardner, A.L. & Handley, C.O. Jr. (2007 [2008]) Genus Lasiurus Gray, 1831. In: Gardner, A. L. (Ed), Mammals of South America. Vol. 1. Marsupials, xenarthrans, shrews, and bats. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Illinois, pp. 457–468. https://doi.org/10.7208/chicago/9780226282428.001.0001
  101. Gardner, A.L. & Patton, J.L. (1972) New species of Philander (Marsupialia: Didelphidae) and Mimon (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) from Peru. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology of Louisiana State University, 43, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.31390/opmns.043
  102. Gardner, A.L. & Ramírez-Pulido, J. (2020) Type localities of Mexican land mammals, with comments on taxonomy and nomenclature. Special Publications of the Museum of Texas Tech University, 73, 1–134.
  103. Gatesy, J., Hayashi, C., Cronin M. A. & Arctander, P. (1996) Evidence from milk casein genes that cetaceans are close relatives of hippopotamid artiodactyls. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 13 (7), 954–63. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a025663
  104. Geoffroy-Saint-Hilaire, É. (1803) Catalogue des Mammifères du Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle. [Unfinished work], Paris, 272 pp. [See Hershkovitz 1955, Grubb 2001, and ICZN 2002, for discussions of the nomenclatural validity of this work]
  105. Geoffroy-Saint-Hilaire, É. (1805) Mémoire sur quelques chauves-souris d’Amérique formant une petite famille sous le nom de molossus [sic]. Annales du Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, 6, 150–156.
  106. Geoffroy-Saint-Hilaire, É. (1806) Sur le genre et les espèces de vespertilion, l’un des genres de la famille des chauve-souris. Annales du Muséum d’Histoire Naturelle, 8, 187–205.
  107. Gervais, P. (1855 [1856]) Deuxième mémoire. Documents zoologiques pour servir a la monographie des chéiroptères Sud-Américains. In: Gervais, P. (Ed.), Mammifères. In: Animaux nouveaux ou rares recueillis pendant l’expédition dans les parties centrales de l’Amérique du Sud de Rio de Janeiro a Lima, et de Lima au Para; par ordre du gouvernement Français pendant les années 1843 à 1847, sous la direction du Comte Francis de Castelnau. Vol. 1. P. Bertrand, Libraire-éditeur, Paris, pp. 25–88.
  108. Gibb, G.C., Condamine, F.L., Kuch, M., Enk, J., Moraes-Barros, N., Superina, M., Poinar, H.K. & Delsuc, F. (2016) Shotgun mitogenomics provides a reference phylogenetic framework and timescale for living xenarthrans. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 33 (3), 621–642. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msv250
  109. Gingerich, P.D., Smith, B.H. & Simons, E.L. (1990) Hind limbs of Eocene Basilosaurus: Evidence of feet in whales. Science, 249 (4965), 152–154. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.249.4965.154
  110. Gingerich, P.D., Haq, M.U., Zalmout, I.S., Khan, I.H. & Malkani, M.S. (2001) Origin of whales from early artiodactyls: Hands and feet of Eocene Protocetidae from Pakistan. Science, 293 (5538), 2239–2242. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1063902
  111. Goldman, E.A. (1911) Revision of the spiny pocket mice (genera Heteromys and Liomys). North American Fauna, 34, 1–70. https://doi.org/10.3996/nafa.34.0001
  112. Goldman, E.A. (1912) Descriptions of twelve new species and subspecies of mammals from Panama. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, 56 (36), 1–11.
  113. Goldman, E.A. (1914) Descriptions of five new mammals from Panama. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, 63 (5), 1–7.
  114. Goldman, E.A. (1917) New mammals from North and Middle America. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 30, 107–116.
  115. Goldman, E.A. (1918) The rice rats of North America (genus Oryzomys). North American Fauna, 43, 1–100, VI pls. https://doi.org/10.3996/nafa.43.0001
  116. Goldman, E.A. (1932a) Two new mammals from Honduras. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 45, 121–124.
  117. Goldman, E.A. (1932b) The status of the Costa Rican red bat. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 45, 148.
  118. Gongora, J., Morales, S., Bernal, J.E. & Moran, C. (2006) Phylogenetic divisions among Collared peccaries (Pecari tajacu) detected using mitochondrial and nuclear sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 41 (1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2006.05.015
  119. Gongora, J., Biondo, C., Cooper, J.D., Taber, A., Keuroghlian, A., Altrichter, M., do Nascimento, F.F., Chong, A.Y., Miyaki, C.Y., Bodmer, R., Mayor, P. & González, S. (2011) Revisiting the species status of Pecari maximus van Roosmalen et al., 2007 (Mammalia) from the Brazilian Amazon. Bonn Zoological Bulletin, 60 (1), 95–101.
  120. González-Maya, J.F., Gómez-Hoyos, D.A. & Schipper, J. (2017) First confirmed records of the bush dog (Carnivora: Canidae) for Costa Rica. Neotropical Biology and Conservation, 12 (3), 238–241. https://doi.org/10.4013/nbc.2017.123.12
  121. González-Ruiz, N., Ramírez-Pulido, J. & Arroyo-Cabrales, J. (2011) A new species of mastiff bat (Chiroptera: Molossidae: Molossus) from Mexico. Mammalian Biology, 76 (4), 461–469. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mambio.2010.06.004
  122. Goodman, M., Czelusniak, J. & Beeber, J.E. (1985) Phylogeny of Primates and other eutherian orders: a cladistic analysis using amino acid data and nucleotide sequence data. Cladistics, 1 (2), 171–185. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-0031.1985.tb00420.x
  123. Goodwin, G.G. (1938a) A new genus of bats from Costa Rica. American Museum Novitates, 976, 1–2. [http://hdl.handle.net/2246/3916]
  124. Goodwin, G. G. (1938b) Four new mammals from Costa Rica. American Museum Novitates, 987, 1–5. [http://hdl.handle.net/2246/3815]
  125. Goodwin, G.G. (1940) Three new bats from Honduras and the first record of Enchisthenes harti (Thomas) for North America. American Museum Novitates, 1075, 1–3. [http://hdl.handle.net/2246/4806]
  126. Goodwin, G.G. (1942) A summary of recognizable species of Tonatia, with descriptions of two new species. Journal of Mammalogy, 23 (2), 204–209. https://doi.org/10.2307/1375074
  127. Goodwin G.G. (1946) Mammals of Costa Rica. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 87 (Article 5), 271–473. [http://hdl.handle.net/2246/316]
  128. Goodwin, G.G. (1958) Three new bats from Trinidad. American Museum Novitates, 1877, 1–6. [https://digitallibrary.amnh.org/items/ad23e9f1-7fa4-49d9-bb6d-6c16a68ea9b6]
  129. Goswami, A., Noirault, E., Coombs, E.J., Clavel, J., Fabre, A.-C., Halliday, T.J.D., Churchill, M., Curtis, A., Watanabe, A., Simmons, N.B., Beatty, B.L., Geisler, J.H., Fox, D.L. & Felice, R.N. (2022) Attenuated evolution of mammals through the Cenozoic. Science, 378 (6618), 377–383. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abm7525
  130. Graur, D. & Higgins, D.G. (1994) Molecular evidence for the inclusion of cetaceans within the order Artiodactyla. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 11 (3), 357–364. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a040118
  131. Gray, J.E. (1821) On the natural arrangement of vertebrose animals. London Medical Repository, 15 (Pt. 1), 296–310.
  132. Gray, J.E. (1831) Descriptions of some new genera and species of bats. The Zoological Miscellany, 1831, 37–38.
  133. Gray, J.E. (1838) A revision of the genera of bats (Vespertilionidæ), and the description of some new genera and species. Magazine of Zoology and Botany, 2, 483–505.
  134. Gray, J.E. (1839) Descriptions of some Mammalia discovered in Cuba by W. S. MacLeay, Esq. With some account of their habits, extracted from Mr. MacLeay’s notes. Annals of Natural History, Series 1, 4 (21), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222934009512443
  135. Gray, J.E. (1842) Descriptions of some new Genera and fifty unrecorded species of Mammalia. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 1, 10 (65), 255–267. https://doi.org/10.1080/03745484209445232
  136. Gray, J.E. (1843) List of the specimens of Mammalia in the collection of the British Museum. British Museum (Natural History), London, 490 pp.
  137. Gray, J.E. (1846) Pt. 3. On the cetaceous animals. In: Richardson, J. & Gray, J.E. (Eds.), Zoology of the voyage of H.M.S. Erebus and Terror, under the command of Sir James Clark Ross, R.N., F.R.S., during the years 1839 to 1843. Vol. 1. Mammalia & Birds. E. W. Janson, London, pp. 13–53, pl. 32bis–37.
  138. Gray, J.E. (1847) Characters of six new genera of bats not hitherto distinguished. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, Part XV, 1847, 14–16.
  139. Gray, J.E. (1865a) Revision of the genera and species of Mustelidae contained in the British Museum. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1865, 100–154, pl. VII. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7998.1865.tb02315.x
  140. Gray, J.E. (1865b) Revision of the genera and species of entomophagous Edentata, founded on the examination of the specimens in the British Museum. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1865, 359–386. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7998.1865.tb02351.x
  141. Greenbaum, I.F. (1981) Genetic interactions between hybridizing cytotypes of the tent-making bat (Uroderma bilobatum). Evolution, 35 (2), 305–320. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1981.tb04889.x
  142. Gregorin, R., Tahara A.S. & Buzzato D.F. (2011) Molossus aztecus and Other Small Molossus (Chiroptera: Molossidae) in Brazil. Acta Chiropterologica, 13 (2), 311–317. https://doi.org/10.3161/150811011X624794
  143. Gregorin, R., Moras, L.M., Acosta, L.H., Vasconcellos, K.L., Poma, J.L., Rodrigues dos Santos, F. & Paca, R.C. (2016) A new species of Eumops (Chiroptera: Molossidae) from southeastern Brazil and Bolivia. Mammalian Biology, 81 (3), 235–246. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. mambio.2016.01.002
  144. Grubb, P. (2001) Case 3022. Catalogue des mammifères du Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle by Étienne Geoffroy Saint–Hilaire (1803): proposed placement on the Official List of Works Approved as Available for Zoological Nomenclature. Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature, 58 (1), 41–52.
  145. Grubb, P. & Groves, C.P. (1993) Chapter 2: The Neotropical tayassuids Tayassu and Catagonus. In: Oliver, W.L.R. (Ed.), Pigs, Peccaries, and Hippos. Status survey and conservation action plan. IUCN [International Union for the Conservation of Nature], Gland, xiii + 202 pp.
  146. Gundlach, J.C. (1861 [1862]) [no title; summary alternative: Übersicht der Flederthiere auf Cuba]. Monatsberichte der Königlichen Preussisches Akademie der Wissenchaften zu Berlin, First Half, January–June 1862, 149–156.
  147. Guth, C. (1961) La région temporale des Édentés. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, L’Université de Paris, Paris, 192 pp.
  148. Haeckel, E. (1866) Allgemeine entwickelungsgeschichte der organismen. Kritische grundzüge der mechanischen wissenschaft von den entstehenden formen der organismen, begründet durch die descendenz-theorie. Vol. 2. der generellen Morphologie. Georg Reimer, Berlin, clx + 462 pp. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783111419336
  149. Hafner, J.C., Light, J.E., Hafner, D.J., Hafner, M.S., Reddington, E., Rogers, D.S. & Riddle, B.R. (2007) Basal clades and molecular systematics of heteromyid rodents. Journal of Mammalogy, 88 (5), 1129–1145. https://doi.org/10.1644/06-MAMM-A-413R1.1
  150. Hall, E.R. (1981) The mammals of North America. Vols. 1–2. 2nd Edition. John Wiley and Sons, New York, New York, pp. i–xv + 1–600 (Vol. 1) & pp. i–vi + 601–1181 (Vol. 2).
  151. Hammond, P.S., Bearzi, G., Bjørge, A., Forney, K.A., Karkzmarski, L., Kasuya, T., Perrin, W.F., Scott, M.D., Wang, J.Y., Wells, R.S. & Wilson, B. (2012) Stenella longirostris ssp. orientalis. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, 2012, e.T133712A17838296. https://doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2012.RLTS.T133712A17838296.en
  152. Handley, C.O. Jr. (1960) Descriptions of new bats from Panamá. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 112 (3442), 459–479. https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00963801.112-3442.459
  153. Handley, C.O. Jr. (1976) Mammals of the Smithsonian Venezuelan Project. Brigham Young University Science Bulletin, Biological Series, 20 (5), 1–89 + 1–2 (unnumbered map). https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.5667
  154. Hanson, J.D. & Bradley, R.D. (2008) Molecular diversity within Melanomys caliginosus (Rodentia: Oryzomyini): Evidence for multiple species. Occasional Papers, Museum of Texas Tech University, 275, 1–10.
  155. Hanson, J.D., Utrera, A. & Fulhorst, C.F. (2011) The delicate pygmy rice rat (Oligoryzomys delicatus) is the principal host of Maporal Virus (Family Bunyaviridae, Genus Hantavirus). Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases, 11 (6), 691–696. https://doi.org/10.1089/vbz.2010.0128
  156. Harding, L.E. & Smith, F.A. (2009) Mustela or Vison? Evidence for the taxonomic status of the American mink and a distinct biogeographic radiation of American weasels. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 52 (3), 632–642. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2009.05.036
  157. Harding, L.E. & Dragoo, J.W. (2012) Out of the tropics: a phylogeographic history of the long-tailed weasel, Mustela frenata. Journal of Mammalogy, 93 (4), 1178–1194. https://doi.org/10.1644/11-MAMM-A-280.1
  158. Harris, W.P. Jr. (1933) A new tree squirrel and a new cottontail rabbit from Costa Rica. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, 266, 1–4.
  159. Harris, W.P. Jr. (1940) A new subspecies of Peromyscus from Costa Rica. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, 423, 1–2. https://doi.org/10.31390/opmns.002
  160. Hassanin, A., Veron, G., Ropiquet, A., Jansen van Vuuren, B., Lécu, A., Goodman, S.M., Haider, J. & Nguyen, T.T. (2021) Evolutionary history of Carnivora (Mammalia, Laurasiatheria) inferred from mitochondrial genomes. PLoS ONE, 16 (2), e0240770. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0240770
  161. Hensel, R. (1872) Beiträge zur Kenntniss der Säugethiere Süd-Brasiliens. Abhandlungen der Königlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin, 1872, 1–130, 3 pls. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.15736
  162. Hernández-Canchola, G. (2018) Diversificación de dos especies del género Sturnira (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) en Mesoamérica. Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, 223 pp.
  163. Hernández-Canchola, G., Ortega, J. & León-Paniagua, L. (2021) Sturnira hondurensis (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae). Mammalian Species, 53 (1001), 23–34. https://doi.org/10.1093/mspecies/seab003
  164. Hershkovitz, P. (1955) Status of the generic name Zorilla (Mammalia): nomenclature by rule or by caprice. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 68, 185–192.
  165. Hoffmann, F.G., Owen, J. & Baker, R.J. (2003) mtDNA perspective of chromosomal diversification and hybridization in Peter’s tent making bat (Uroderma bilobatum: Phyllostomidae). Molecular Ecology, 12 (11), 2981–2993. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-294X.2003.01959.x
  166. Hoffstetter, R. (1958) Xenarthra. In: Piveteau, P. (Ed.), Traité de Paléontologie. Tome 6. L’origine des mammifères et les aspects fondamentaux de leurs évolution. Vol. 2. Mammifères: Évolution. Masson et Cie., Paris, pp. 535–636
  167. Hollister, N. (1914) Four new Neotropical rodents. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 27, 57–60.
  168. Hooper, E.T. (1952) A systematic review of the harvest mice (genus Reithrodontomys) of Latin America. Miscellaneous Publications Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan 77. University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 255 pp., 9 pls.
  169. Howell, A.H. (1914) Revision of the American harvest mice (genus Reithrodontomys). North American Fauna, 36, 1–97, VII pls. https://doi.org/10.3996/nafa.36.0001
  170. Huckaby, D.G. (1980) Species limits in the Peromyscus mexicanus group (Mammalia: Rodentia: Muroidea). Contributions in Science, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, 326, 1–24. https://doi.org/10.5962/p.241261
  171. von Humboldt, A. (1811) Mémoire sur l’os hyoïde et le larynx des oiseaux, des singes et du crocodile. In: von Humboldt, A. & Bonpland, A., (Eds.), Voyage de Humboldt et Bonpland. Deuxième Partie. Recueil d'observations de zoologie et d'anatomie comparée, faites dans l’océan Atlantique, dans l’intérieur du nouveau continent et dans la Mer du Sud pendant les années 1799, 1800, 1801, 1802 et 1803 ; par Al. de Humboldt et A. Bonpland. Vol. 1. F. Schœll, Libraire, Paris, pp. 1–13. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.43770
  172. Hurtado, N. & D’Elía, G. (2018) Taxonomy of the genus Gardnerycteris (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae). Acta Chiropterologica, 20 (1), 99–115. https://doi.org/10.3161/15081109ACC2018.20.1.007
  173. Hurtado, N. & Pacheco, V. (2014) Análisis filogenético del género Mimon Gray, 1847 (Mammalia, Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae) con la descripción de un nuevo género. Therya, 5 (3), 75–1791. https://doi.org/10.12933/therya-14-230
  174. Husson, A.M. (1978) The mammals of Suriname. E. J. Brill, Leiden, xxxiv + 569 pp., 160 pls., 3 maps. https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004626652
  175. Huxley, J. (1957) The three types of evolutionary process. Nature, 180 (4584), 454–455. https://doi.org/10.1038/180454a0
  176. ICZN [International Commission for Zoological Nomenclature] (2000) International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. 4th Edition. Available from: https://www.iczn.org/the-code/the-code-online/ (accessed 5 February 2023)
  177. ICZN [International Commission for Zoological Nomenclature] (2002) Opinion 2005 (Case 3022). Catalogue des mammifères du Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle by Étienne Geoffroy Saint–Hilaire (1803): placed on the Official List of of Works Approved as Available for Zoological Nomenclature. Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature, 59 (2), 153–154.
  178. Illiger, C. (1811) Prodromus systematis mammalium et avium: additis terminis zoographicis utriusque classis, eorumque versione germanica. C. Salfeld, Berlin, xviii + 301 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.106965
  179. Irwin, D.M., Kocher, T.D. & Wilson, A.C. (1991) Evolution of the Cytochrome b gene of mammals. Journal of Molecular Evolution, 32 (2), 128–144. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02515385
  180. Jardine, W. (1834) Mammalia—Felinae. In: The Naturalist’s Library. Vol. 16. Mammalia, Vol. 2. W. H. Lizars, Edinburgh, pp. 59–276. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.108759
  181. Johnson, W.E. & O’Brien, S.J. (1997) Phylogenetic reconstruction of the Felidae using 16S rRNA and NADH-5 mitochondrial Genes. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 44 (Supplement 1), S98–S116. https://doi.org/10.1007/pl00000060
  182. Johnson, W.E., Eizirik, E., Pecon-Slattery, J., Murphy, W.J., Antunes, A., Teeling, E. & O’Brien, S.J. (2007) The Late Miocene radiation of Modern Felidae: A genetic assessment. Science, 311 (5757), 73–77. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1122277
  183. Jones, J.K. Jr., Alvarez, T. & Lee, M.R. (1962) Noteworthy mammals from Sinaloa, Mexico. University of Kansas Publications, Museum of Natural History, 14 (12), 145–159.
  184. Jones, J.K., Jr. & Genoways, H.H. (1967) A new subspecies of the free-tailed bat, Molossops grerenhalli, from western Mexico (Mammalia; Chiroptera. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 80, 207–210.
  185. Kerr, R. (1792) The animal kingdom, or zoological system, of the celebrated Sir Charles Linnæus. Class I. Mammalia: Containing a complete systematic description, arrangement, and nomenclature, of all the known species and varieties of the Mammalia, or animals which give suck to their young; being a translation of that part of the Systema Naturae, as lately published, with great improvements, by Professor Gmelin of Goettingen. Together with numerous additions from more recent zoological writers, and illustrated with copperplates. Printed for A. Strahan and T. Cadell, London, and W. Creech, Edinburgh, Edinburgh, xii + 644 + 30 (unnumbered) pp.
  186. Koepfli, K.-P., Dragoo, J.W. & Wang, X. (2017) The evolutionary history and molecular systematics of the Musteloidea. In: Macdonald, D.W., Newman, C. & and Lauren A. Harrington, L. A. (Eds.) Biology and Conservation of Musteloids. Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 75–91. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198759805.003.0002
  187. Koopman, K.F. & Williams, E.E. (1951) Fossil Chiroptera collected by H. E. Anthony in Jamaica, 1919–1920. American Museum Novitates, 1519, 1–29. [http://hdl.handle.net/2246/2373]
  188. Lacépède, B.G.É. de la V. sur I. (1799) Tableaux des divisions, sous-divisions, ordres et genres des mammifères. Plassan, Paris, 18 pp.
  189. Larsen, P.A., Siles, L., Pedersen, S.C. & Kwiecinski, G.G. (2011) A new species of Micronycteris (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) from Saint Vincent, Lesser Antilles. Mammalian Biology, 76 (6), 687–700. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mambio.2011.01.006
  190. Larsen, P.A., Marchán-Rivadeneira, R. & Baker, R.J. (2013) Speciation dynamics of the fruit-eating bats (genus Artibeus): with evidence of ecological divergence in Central American populations. In: Adams, R.A. & Pedersen, S.C. (Eds.), Bat evolution, ecology, and conservation. Springer, New York, New York, pp. 315–339. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7397-8_16
  191. LaVal, R.K. (1973) A revision of Neotropical bats of the genus Myotis. Science Bulletin, Los Angeles County Museum, 15, 1–54.
  192. Law, C.J., Slater, G.J. & Mehta, R.S. (2018) Lineage diversity and size disparity in Musteloidea: Testing patterns of adaptive radiation using molecular and fossil-based methods. Systematic Biology, 67 (1), 127–144. https://doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/syx047
  193. Le Conte, J.L. (1852) An attempt at a synopsis of the genus Geomys. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 6, 157–163.
  194. Lesson, R.P. (1827) Manuel de mammalogie, ou histoire naturelle des mammifères. J. B. Baillière et fils, Paris, xiv + 441 + 1 (unnumbered errata) pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.137811
  195. Lewison, R.L. (2011) Class Mammalia. Order Artiodactyla. Suborder Whippomorpha. Infraorder Ancodonta. Family Hippopotamidae (hippopotamuses). In: Wilson, D.E. & Mittermeier, R.A. (Eds.), Handbook of the mammals of the World. Vol. 2. Hoofed mammals. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona, pp. 308–334.
  196. Lim, B.K. (2012) Preliminary assessment of Neotropical mammal DNA barcodes: an underestimation of biodiversity. The Open Biodiversity Journal, 5 (Supplement 1, 1–M3), 10–17. https://doi.org/10.2174/1874336601205010010
  197. Lim, B.K., Loureiro, L.O. & Garbino, G.S.T. (2020) Cryptic diversity and range extension in the big-eyed bat genus Chiroderma (Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae). ZooKeys, 918, 41–63. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.918.48786
  198. Linnaeus, C. (1758) Sistema naturæ per regna tria naturæ, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Editio decima, reformata. Vol. 1. Regnum animale. Laurentii Salvii, Stockholm, 823 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.542
  199. Linnaeus, C. (1771) Mantissa Plantarum: Altera; Generum editionis VI et specierum editionis II. Laurentii Salvii, Stockholm, pp. 143–587.
  200. Linnaeus, C. (1788) Sistema naturæ per regna tria naturæ, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Editio decimatertia, aucta, reformata. Cura Jo. Frid. Gmelin. Vol. 1. Georg Emanuel Beer, Leipzig, 500 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.545
  201. Liu J., Slik F., Zheng S., Lindenmayer D.B. (2022) Undescribed species have higher extinction risk than known species. Conservation Letters, 15 (3), e12876. https://doi.org/10.1111/conl.12876
  202. López-Wilchis, R., Guevara-Chumacero, L.M., Pérez, N.A., Juste, J., Ibáñez, C. & Barriga–Sosa, I.D.L.A. (2012) Taxonomic status assessment of the Mexican populations of funnel-eared bats, genus Natalus (Chiroptera: Natalidae). Acta Chiropterologica, 14 (2), 305–316. https://doi.org/10.3161/150811012X661639
  203. Loureiro, L. & Lim, B. (2019a) Aztec Mastiff Bat (Molossus aztecus). In: Wilson, D.E. & Mittermeier, R.A. (Eds), Handbook of the mammals of the world. Vol. 9. Bats. Lynx Edicions. Barcelona, 624 pp.
  204. Loureiro, L. & Lim, B. (2019b) Pallas’s Mastiff Bat (Molossus molossus). In: Wilson, D.E. & Mittermeier, R.A. (Eds), Handbook of the mammals of the world. Vol. 9. Bats. Lynx Edicions. Barcelona, 626 pp.
  205. Loureiro, L.O., Gregorin, R. & Perini, F.A. (2018) Diversity, morphological phylogeny, and distribution of bats of the genus Molossus E. Geoffroy, 1805 (Chiroptera, Molossidae) in Brazil. Zoosystema, 40 (18), 425–452. https://doi.org/10.5252/zoosystema2018v40a18
  206. Loureiro, L.O., Engstrom, M., Lim, B., López González, C. & Juste, J. (2019) Not all Molossus are created equal: genetic variation in the mastiff bat reveals diversity masked by conservative morphology. Acta Chiropterologica, 21 (1), 51–64. https://doi.org/10.3161/15081109ACC2019.21.1.004
  207. Loureiro, L.O., Engstrom, M.D. & Lim, B.K. (2020a) Next generation sequencing data in the phylogenetic relationships of the genus Molossus (Chiroptera, Molossidae). Data in Brief, 29, 105276. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2020.105276
  208. Loureiro, L.O., Engstrom, M.D. & Lim, B.K. (2020b). Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) provide unprecedented resolution of species boundaries, phylogenetic relationships, and genetic diversity in the mastiff bats (Molossus). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 143, 106690. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2019.106690
  209. Lydekker, R. (1887) Catalogue of the fossil Mammalia in the British Museum (Natural History). Part V. Containing the Group Tillodontia, the Orders Sirenia, Cetacea, Edentata, Marsupialia, Monotremata, and Supplement. British Museum (Natural History), London, xxxv + 345 pp.
  210. Lyon, M.W. (1902) Description of a new phyllostome bat from the Isthmus of Panama. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 15, 83–84.
  211. MacPhee, R.D.E. & Novacek, M.J. (1993) Definition and relationships of Lipotyphla. In: Szalay, F.S., Novacek, M.J. & McKenna, M.C. (Eds.), Mammal Phylogeny: Placentals. Springer, New York, New York, pp. 13–31. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-9246-0_3
  212. Mantilla-Meluk, H. (2014) Defining species and species boundaries in Uroderma (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) with a description of a new species. Occasional Papers, Museum of Texas Tech University, 325, 1–29.
  213. Mantilla-Meluk, H. & Muñoz-Garay, J. (2014) Biogeography and taxonomic status of Myotis keaysi pilosatibialis LaVal 1973 (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae). Zootaxa, 3793 (1), 60–70. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3793.1.2
  214. Martínez-Fonseca, J.G., Reid, F.A., Loza, J., Gutiérrez-López, L. & Sunyer, J. (2018) New records of Diplomys labilis (Bangs, 1901) (Mammalia, Rodentia, Echimyidae) from Nicaragua. Check List, 14 (3), 555–558. https://doi.org/10.15560/14.3.555
  215. McGowen, M.R., Tsagkogeorga, G., Álvarez-Carretero, S., dos Reis, M., Struebig, M., Deaville, R., Jepson, P.D., Jarman, S., Polanowski, A., Morin, P.A. & Rossiter, S.J. (2020) Phylogenomic resolution of the cetacean tree of life using target sequence capture. Systematic Biology, 69 (3), 479–501. https://doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/syz068
  216. McKenna, M.C. & Bell, S.K. (with contributions from Simpson, G.G., Nichols, R.H., Tedford, R.H., Koopman, K.F., Musser, G.G., Neff, N.A., Shoshani, J. & McKenna, D.M.). (1997) Classification of mammals above the species level. Columbia University Press, New York, New York, xii + 631 pp.
  217. Menezes, F. H., Feijó, A., Fernandes-Ferreira, H., da Costa, I.R. & Cordeiro-Estrela, P. (2021) Integrative systematics of Neotropical porcupines of Coendou prehensilis complex (Rodentia: Erethizontidae). Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research, 59 (8), 2410–2439. https://doi.org/10.1111/jzs.12529
  218. Merriam, C.H. (1895) Revision of the pocket gophers, family Geomyidæ, exclusive of the species of Thomomys. North American Fauna, 8, 1–258, 19 pls., 3 maps. https://doi.org/10.3996/nafa.8.0001
  219. Merriam, C.H. (1902) Twenty new pocket mice (Heteromys and Liomys) from Mexico. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 15, 41–50.
  220. Miller, G.S. (1897) Revision of the North American bats of the family Vespertilionidae. North American Fauna, 13, 1–135. https://doi.org/10.3996/nafa.13.0001
  221. Miller, Jr., G.S. (1900) A new free-tailed bat from Central America. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 7, 6 (35), 470–471. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222930008678410
  222. Miller, Jr., G.S. (1902) Twenty new American bats. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 54, 389–412.
  223. Miller, Jr., G.S. (1907) The families and genera of bats. United States National Museum, Bulletin, 57, 1–282, pls. 1–14. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.55695
  224. Miller, Jr., G.S. (1913) Revision of the bats of the genus Glossophaga. Proceedings U.S. National Museum, 46, 413–429. https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00963801.46-2034.413
  225. Miller, Jr., G.S. (1924) List of North American Recent mammals 1923. United States National Museum, Bulletin, 128, i–xvi + 1–673. https://doi.org/10.5479/si.03629236.128.i
  226. Miranda, F.R., Casali, D.M., Perini, F.A., Machado, F.A. & Santos, F.R. (2018) Taxonomic review of the genus Cyclopes Gray, 1821 (Xenarthra: Pilosa), with the revalidation and description of new species. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 183 (3), 687–721. https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlx079
  227. Möller-Krull, M., Delsuc, F., Churakov, G., Marker, C., Superina, M., Brosius, J., Douzery, E.J.P. & Schmitz, J. (2007) Retroposed elements and their xenarthran flanking regions resolve the evolutionary history of xenarthran mammals (armadillos, anteaters, and sloths). Molecular Biology and Evolution, 24 (11), 2573–2582. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msm201
  228. Montgelard, C., Catzeflis, F.M. & Douzery, E. (1997) Phylogenetic relationships of artiodactyls and cetaceans as deduced from the comparison of cytochrome b and 12S rRNA mitochondrial sequences. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 14 (5), 550–559. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a025792
  229. Mora, J.M. (2000) Los mamíferos silvestres de Costa Rica. Editorial UNED, San José, Costa Rica, 240 pp.
  230. Mora, J.M. (2012) Big Red Bat Lasiurus egregius (Vespertilionidae) in Honduras. The Southwestern Naturalist, 57 (1), 104–105. https://doi.org/10.1894/0038-4909-57.1.104
  231. Mora, J.M. & Moreira, I. (1984) Mamíferos de Costa Rica. Editorial Universidad Estatal a Distancia [EUNED], San José, 175 pp.
  232. Mora, J.M., García Céspedes, J., López, L.I. & Chaves, G. (2021a) Altitudinal range extension of the long-tailed singing mouse Scotinomys xerampelinus (Bangs, 1902), Rodentia: Cricetidae, in the Chirripó National Park, Costa Rica. Check List, 17 (2), 339–345. https://doi.org/10.15560/17.2.339
  233. Mora, J.M., López, L.I. & Espinal, M.R. (2021b) Clave de campo para la identificación de los murciélagos de Honduras. Notas sobre Mamíferos Sudamericanos, 3, e21. https://doi.org/10.31687/saremNMS.21.6.1
  234. Mora, J.M., Espinal, M.R. & Ruedas, L.A. (2016) The Big Free–tailed bat, Nyctinomops macrotis (Gray, 1839), in Central America. Mastozoología Neotropical, 23 (2), 551–556.
  235. Moras, L.M., da C. Tavares, V., Pepato, A.R., Santos, F.R. & Gregorin, R. (2016) Reassessment of the evolutionary relationships within the dog-faced bats, genus Cynomops (Chiroptera: Molossidae). Zoologica Scripta, 45 (5), 465–480. https://doi.org/10.1111/zsc.12169
  236. Moras, L.M., Gregorin, R., Sattler, T. & da C. Tavares, V. (2018) Uncovering the diversity of dog-faced bats of the genus Cynomops (Chiroptera: Molossidae), with the redescription of C. milleri and the description of two new species. Mammalian Biology, 89 (1), 37–51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mambio.2017.12.005
  237. Moura, M.R., Jetz, W. (2021) Shortfalls and opportunities in terrestrial vertebrate species discovery. Nature Ecology and Evolution, 5, 631–639. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-021-01411-5
  238. Müller, P.L.S. (1776) Des Ritters Carl von Linneì. Vollständigen Natursystems. Supplements und Register Band uber alles sechs Theile oder Classen des Thierreichs. Mit einer ausführlichen Erklärung ausgefertiget. Vol. 1. Von den säugenden Thieren. Gabriel Nicolaus Raspe, Nuremberg, 384 pp.
  239. Musser, G.G. (1977) Epimys benguetensis, a composite, and one zoogeographic view of rat and mouse faunas in the Philippines and Celebes. American Museum Novitates, 2624, 1–15. [http://hdl.handle.net/2246/2022]
  240. Musser, G.G. & Carleton, M.D. (2005) Family Cricetidae. In: Wilson, D.E. & Reeder, D.M. (Eds.), Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Vol. II. 3rd Edition. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Maryland, pp. 894–1522.
  241. Novacek, M.J. (1992) Mammalian phylogeny: shaking the tree. Nature, 356 (6365), 121–125. https://doi.org/10.1038/356121a0
  242. Novaes, R.L.M., Garbino, G.S.T., Cláudio, V.C. & Moratelli, R. (2018) Separation of monophyletic groups into distinct genera should consider phenotypic discontinuities: the case of Lasiurini (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae). Zootaxa, 4379 (3), 439–440. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4379.3.8
  243. O’Connell, M.A. (1983) Marmosa robinsoni. Mammalian Species, 203, 1–6. https://doi.org/10.2307/3504031
  244. Ogilby, W. (1839) [Untitled proceedings report: nearest approximation to a title:] A new species of squirrel (Sciurus varegatoides) from the west coast of South America. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, Part XII, 117.
  245. Ordóñez-Garza, N., Matson, J.O., Strauss, R.E., Bradley, R.D. & Salazar-Bravo, J. (2010) Patterns of phenotypic and genetic variation in three species of endemic Mesoamerican Peromyscus (Rodentia: Cricetidae). Journal of Mammalogy, 91 (4), 848–859. https://doi.org/10.1644/09-mamm-a-167.1
  246. Ortega, J., Mitre-Ramos, C., Berguido, G. & Bermúdez, S. (2022) Distribution expansion of the Panamanian night monkey (Aotus zonalis) in Central America. Notas sobre Mamíferos Sudamericanos, 4, e22.5.2. https://doi.org/10.31687/SaremNMS22.5.2
  247. Osgood, W.H. (1907) Some unrecognized and misapplied names of American Mammals. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 20, 43–52.
  248. Osgood, W.H. (1909) Revision of the mice of the American genus Peromyscus. North American Fauna, 28, 1–285. https://doi.org/10.3996/nafa.28.0001
  249. Pallas, P.S. (1766) Miscellanea zoologica: quibus novæ imprimis atque obscuræ animalium species describuntur et observationibus iconibusque illustrantur. Petrum van Cleef, The Hague, xii + 224 + XIV tables. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.69851
  250. Palisot de Beauvois, A.M.F.J. (1796) Catalogue raisonné du muséum, de Mr. C. W. Peale, membre de la société philosophique de Pensylvanie. Imprimerie de Parent, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, xiv + 42 pp. [incomplete]
  251. Parsons, D.J., Pelletier, T.A., Wiering, J.G., Duckett, D.J. & Carstens, B.C. (2022) Analysis of biodiversity data suggests that mammal species are hidden in predictable places. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 119 (14), e2103400119. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2103400119
  252. Patterson, B. & Pascual, R. (1968) The fossil mammal fauna of South America. The Quarterly Review of Biology, 43 (4), 409–451. https://doi.org/10.1086/405916
  253. Patterson, B. & Pascual, R. (1972) The fossil mammal fauna of South America. In: Keast, A., Erk, F.C. & Glass, B. (Eds.), Evolution, mammals, and southern continents. State University of New York Press, Albany, New York, pp. 247–309.
  254. Patterson, B., Segall, W., Turnbull, W.D. & Gaudin, T.J. (1992) The ear region in xenarthrans (=Edentata, Mammalia). Part II. Pilosa (sloths, anteaters), palaeanodonts, and a miscellany. Fieldiana, Geology, New Series, 24, 1–79. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.3466
  255. Patterson, B.D., Ramírez-Chaves, H.E., Vilela, J.F., Soares, A.E.R. & Grewe, F. (2021) On the nomenclature of the American clade of weasels (Carnivora: Mustelidae). Journal of Animal Diversity, 3 (2), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.52547/jad.2021.3.2.1
  256. Peale, T.R. (1849) n.k. In: United States Exploring Expedition, during the years 1838, 1839, 1840, 1841, 1842, under the command of Charles Wilkes, U.S.N. Mammalia and ornithology. Vol. 8. C. Sherman, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, pp. i–xxv + 17–338. [not seen; see Bruce & Bahr 2020, for discussion on the date of 1849 v. 1848]
  257. Pérez Consuegra, S.G. & Vázquez‐Domínguez, E. (2015) Mitochondrial diversification of the Peromyscus mexicanus species group in Nuclear Central America: biogeographic and taxonomic implications. Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research, 53 (4), 300–311. https://doi.org/10.1111/jzs.12099
  258. Peters, S.L., Lim, B.K. & Engstrom, M.D. (2002) Systematics of dog-faced bats (Cynomops) based on molecular and morphometric data. Journal of Mammalogy, 83 (4), 1097–1110. https://doi.org/10.1644/1545-1542(2002)083<1097:SODFBC>2.0.CO;2
  259. Peters, W.C.H. (1863 [1864]) Eine Mittheilung über neue eichhornarten aus Mexico, Costa Rica und Guiana, so wie über Scalops latimanus. Monatsberichte der Königlichen Preussische Akademie des Wissenschaften zu Berlin, 1863, 652–656.
  260. Peters, W.C.H. (1863 [1864]) Über die Säugethiergattung Solenodon. [Physikalische] Abhandlungen der Königlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin, 1863, 1–22.
  261. Peters, W.C.H. (1865 [1866]) Über die brasilianischen, von Spix beschriebenen Flederthiere. Monatsberichte der Königlichen Preussisches Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin, 1865, 568–588.
  262. Peters, W.C.H. (1866 [1867]) Eine Mittheilung über neue oder ungenügend bekannte Flederthiere (Vampyrops, Uroderma, Chiroderma, Ametrida, Tylostoma, Vespertilio, Vesperugo) und Nager (Tylomys, Lasiomys). Monatsberichte der Königlichen Preussisches Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin, 1866, 392–411.
  263. Peters, W.C.H. (1866 [1867]) Fernere Mittheilungen zur Kenntniss der Flederthiere, namentlich über Arten des Leidener und Britischen Museums. Monatsberichte der Königlichen Preussisches Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin, 1866, 672–681.
  264. Peters, W. [sic] (1870 [1871]) Eine monographische Übersicht der Chiropterengattungen Nycteris und Atalapha vor. Monatsberichte der Königlichen Preussisches Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin, 1870, 900–914.
  265. Piaggio, A.J., Valdez, E.W., Bogan, M.A. & Spicer, G.S. (2002) Systematics of Myotis occultus (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) inferred from sequences of two mitochondrial genes. Journal of Mammalogy, 83 (2), 386–395. https://doi.org/10.1644/1545-1542(2002)083<0386:SOMOCV>2.0.CO;2
  266. Pimm S.L., Jenkins, C.N., Abell, R., Brooks, T.M., Gittleman, J.L., Joppa, L.N., Raven, P.H., Roberts, C.M. & Sexton, J.O. (2014) The biodiversity of species and their rates of extinction, distribution, and protection. Science, 344 (6187), 1246752. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1246752
  267. Pomel, A. (1848) Études sur les carnassiers insectivores (Extrait). Bibliothèque Universelle de Genève. Archives des Sciences Physiques et Naturelles, 9, 244–251.
  268. Prothero, D.R., Domning, D., Fordyce, R.E., Foss, S., Janis, C., Lucas, S., Marriott, K.L., Metaias, G., Naish, D., Padian, K., Rössner, G., Solounias, N., Spaulding, M., Stucky, R. M., Theodor, J. & Uhen, M. (2022) On the unnecessary and misleading taxon “Cetartiodactyla”. Journal of Mammalian Evolution, 29 (1), 93–97. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10914-021-09572-7
  269. Quesada–Román, A. & Pérez–Umaña, D. (2020) State of the art of geodiversity, geoconservation, and geotourism in Costa Rica. Geosciences, 10 (6), 211. https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences10060211
  270. Rafinesque, C.S. (1814) Précis des découvertes et travaux somiologiques de Mr. C. S. Rafinesque-Schmaltz entre 1800 et 1814, Ou choix raisonné de ses principales Découvertes en Zoologie et en Botanique, pour servir d’introduction à ses ouvrages futurs. Royale Typographie Militaire (privately paid for by the author), Palermo, 55 + 1 (unnumbered errata) pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.6135
  271. Raj Pant, S., Goswami, A. & Finarelli, J.A. (2014) Complex body size trends in the evolution of sloths (Xenarthra: Pilosa). BMC Evolutionary Biology, 14, 184. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12862-014-0184-1
  272. Ramírez-Fernández, J.D., Durán, F.J. & Fernández-Vargas, M. (2020) First record of Tweedy’s Crab-eating Rat, Ichthyomys tweedii Anthony, 1921 (Rodentia, Cricetidae, Sigmodontinae), for Costa Rica. Check List, 16 (2), 435–440. https://doi.org/10.15560/16.2.435
  273. Ramírez-Fernández, J., Durán, F., Córdoba-Alfaro, J., Salas-Solano, D. & Rodríguez-Herrera, B. (2015) Extension of the known geographic distribution of Diplomys labilis (Mammalia: Rodentia: Echimyidae): first record for Costa Rica. Check List, 11 (5), 1–3. https://doi.org/10.15560/11.5.1745
  274. Reichenbach, A.B. (1835) Bildergalerie der Thierwelt. Fascicle 6. E. Pönicke & Sohn, Leipzig, 16 pp., pls. XXI–XXIV.
  275. Reig, O.A., Kirsch, J.A.W. & Marshall, L.G. (1987) Systematic relationships of the living and Neocenozoic American opossum-like marsupials (Suborder Didelphimorphia) with comments on the classification of these and of the Cretaceous and Paleogene New World and European metatherians. In: Archer, M. (Ed.), Possums and opossums: Studies in evolution. Surrey Beatty and Sons Pty Limited and Royal Zoological Society of New South Wales, Sydney, pp. 1–92.
  276. Rengger, J.R. (1830) Naturgeschichte der Saeugethiere von Paraguay. Schweighauserschen Buchhandlung, Basel, xvi + 393 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.49975
  277. Reyes, J.C., Mead J.G. & Van Waerebeek K. (1991) A new species of beaked whale Mesoplodon peruvianus sp. n. (Cetacea: Ziphiidae) from Peru. Marine Mammal Science, 7 (1), 1–24. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-7692.1991.tb00546.x
  278. Rodríguez, J. & Chinchilla, F.A. (1996) Lista de mamíferos de Costa Rica. Revista de Biología Tropical, 44, 877–890.
  279. Rodríguez Herrera, B., Sánchez, R. & Pineda, W. (2011) First record of Natalus lanatus (Chiroptera: Natalidae) in Costa Rica, and current distribution of Natalus in the country. Ecotropica, 17, 113–117.
  280. Rodríguez-Herrera, B., Chinchilla, F.C. & Collado L.J.M. (2002) Lista de especies, endemismo y conservación de los mamíferos de Costa Rica. Revista Mexicana de Mastozoología, Nueva Época, 6 (1), 19–41. https://doi.org/10.22201/ie.20074484e.2002.6.1.104
  281. Rodríguez-Herrera, B., Ramírez-Fernández, J.D., Villalobos-Chaves, D. & Sánchez, R. (2014) Actualización de la lista de especies de mamíferos vivientes de Costa Rica. Mastozoología Neotropical, 21 (2), 275–289.
  282. Rodríguez-Herrera, B., Wilson, D.E., Fernández M. & Pineda W. (2005) La mastozoología en Costa Rica: historia, recolecta, localidades y composición de especies. Brenesia, 63–64, 89–112.
  283. Rogers, D.S. & González M.W. (2010) Phylogenetic relationships among spiny pocket mice (Heteromys) inferred from mitochondrial and nuclear sequence data. Journal of Mammalogy, 91 (4), 914–930. https://doi.org/10.1644/09-MAMM-A-287.1
  284. Rogers, D.S. & Vance, V.L. (2005) Phylogenetics of spiny pocket mice (genus Liomys): analysis of Cytochrome b based on multiple heuristic approaches. Journal of Mammalogy, 86 (6), 1085–1094. https://doi.org/10.1644/04-MAMM-A-185R3.1
  285. Rogers, D.S., Arenas, E. A., González-Cózatl, F.X., Hardy, D.K., Hanson, J.D. & Lewis–Rogers, N. (2009) Molecular phylogenetics of Oligoryzomys fulvescens based on cytochrome b gene sequences, with comments on the evolution of the genus Oligoryzomys. In: Cervantes, F., Vargas Cuenca, J. & Hortelano Moncada, Y. (Eds.), 60 Años de la Colección Nacional de Mamíferos del Instituto de Biología, UNAM: aportaciones al conocimiento y conservación de los mamíferos mexicanos. Instituto de Biología, Universidad Autónoma de México, México, D.F., pp. 179–192.
  286. Romer, A.S. (1966) Vertebrate Paleontology. 3rd ed. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Illinois, viii + 304 pp.
  287. Rossi, R., Voss, R.S. & Lunde, D.P. (2010) A revision of the didelphid marsupial genus Marmosa. Part 1. The species in Tate’s ‘mexicana’ and ‘mitis’ sections and other closely related forms. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 334, 1–83. [http://hdl.handle.net/2246/6062] https://doi.org/10.1206/334.1
  288. Roux, C. (1976) On the dating of the first edition of Cuvier’s Règne Animal. Journal of the Society for the Bibliography of Natural History, 8 (1), 31. https://doi.org/10.3366/jsbnh.1976.8.1.31
  289. Ruedas, L.A., López, L.I. & Mora, J.M. (2023) A propaedeutic to the taxonomy of the Eastern cottontail rabbit (Lagomorpha: Leporidae: Sylvilagus floridanus) from Central America. Therya, 14 (1), 99–119. https://doi.org/10.12933/therya-23-2203
  290. Ruedi, M. & Mayer, F. (2001) Molecular systematics of bats of the genus Myotis (Vespertilionidae) suggests deterministic ecomorphological convergences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 21 (3), 436–448. https://doi.org/10.1006/mpev.2001.1017
  291. Russell, R.J. (1968) Evolution and classification of the pocket gophers of the subfamily Geomyinae. University of Kansas Publications, Museum of Natural History, University of Kansas, Lawrence, 16 (6), 473–579.
  292. Sáenz-Bolaños, C., Fuller, T.K., Mooring, M.S., Porras, J., Sievert, P.R., Montalvo, V.H. & Carrillo, E.J. (2019) Bush dogs in central America: recent range expansion, cryptic distribution, or both? Tropical Conservation Science, 12, 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1177/1940082919849758
  293. Salas-Solano, D., Moras, L.M., Tavares, V.D.C. & Rodríguez-Herrera, B. (2020) Extension of the known geographic distribution of Greenhall’s Dog-faced Bat, Cynomops greenhalli Goodwin, 1958 (Chiroptera, Molossidae): first records in Costa Rica. Check List, 16 (4), 871–875. https://doi.org/10.15560/16.4.871
  294. Salles, L.O. (1992) Felid phylogenetics: extant taxa and skull morphology (Felidae, Aeluroidea). American Museum Novitates, 3047, 1–67. [http://hdl.handle.net/2246/5011]
  295. de Saussure, H. (1860a) Note sur quelques mammifères du Méxique. Troisième Article. Revue et Magasin de Zoologie Pure et Appliquée, 2e Série, 12, 97–110.
  296. de Saussure, H. (1860b) Note sur quelques mammifères du Méxique. Cinquième Article. Revue et Magasin de Zoologie Pure et Appliquée, 2e Série, 12, 281–293.
  297. de Saussure, H. (1861) Diagnosis Cheiropterae Mexicanae e familia Vespertilionidarum. Revue et Magasin de Zoologie pure et Appliquée, 2e Série, 13, 97.
  298. von Schreber, J.C.D. (1780) In: von Zimmermann, E.A.W. Geographische Geschichte des Menschen und der allgemein verbreiteten vierfüßigen Thiere. Zweiter Band. Enthält ein vollständiges Verzeichniß aller bekannten Quadrupeden. Weygandschen Buchhandlung. Leipzig, 432 pp. [N.B. Nyctalus lasiopterus was referred to by Schreber in 1775 (in: Die Säugthiere in Abbildungen nach der Natur, mit Beschreibungen, v. 1), albeit without a trivial epithet, and named in pl. 52, as Vespertilio Noctula Buff., hence the attribution to Schreber by Zimmermann]
  299. Segura, V., Prevosti, F. & Cassini, G. (2013) Cranial ontogeny in the Puma lineage, Puma concolor, Herpailurus yagouaroundi, and Acinonyx jubatus (Carnivora: Felidae): A three-dimensional geometric morphometric approach. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 169 (1), 235–250. https://doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12047
  300. Setzer, H.W. (1950) Two new shrews of the genus Cryptotis from Panama. Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences, 40, 299–300.
  301. Severtzow, M.N. (1858) Notice sur la classification multisériale des Carnivores, spécialement des Félidés, et les études de zoologie générale qui s’y rattachent. Revue et Magasin de Zoologie pure et Appliquée, 2e Série, 10, 385–393.
  302. Shaw, G. (1800) General zoology or systematic natural history. Vol. 1. Pt. 1. Mammalia. G. Kearsley, London, xiii + 552 pp., 121 pls. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.53459
  303. Shoshani, J. & McKenna, M.C. (1998) Higher taxonomic relationships among extant mammals based on morphology, with selected comparisons of results from molecular data. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 9 (3), 572–584. https://doi.org/10.1006/mpev.1998.0520
  304. Siles, L. & Baker, R.J. (2020) Revision of the pale-bellied Micronycteris Gray, 1866 (Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae) with descriptions of two new species. Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research, 58 (4), 1411–1431. https://doi.org/10.1111/jzs.12388
  305. Simmons, N.B. (2005) Order Chiroptera. In: Wilson, D.E. & Reeder, D.M. (Eds.), Mammal species of the World: a taxonomic and geographic reference. 3rd Edition. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Maryland, pp. 312–529.
  306. Simmons, N.B. & Cirranello, A.L. (2022) Bats of the World: A taxonomic and geographic database. Available from: https://batnames.org (accessed 9 November 2022)
  307. Simpson, G.G. (1945) The principles of classification and a classification of mammals. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 85, i–xvi + 1–350. [http://hdl.handle.net/2246/1104]
  308. Solari, S. (2015) Uroderma magnirostrum. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, 2015 (v4), e.T22783A22048094. Available from: https://doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T22783A22048094.en (accessed 15 January 2023)
  309. Smith, P. & Teta P. (2022) Confused identities: the case of the chauve–souris septième or chauve-souris brun-blanchâtre of Azara (1801). Therya Notes, 3, 104–109. https://doi.org/10.12933/therya_notes-22-79
  310. Spradling, T.A., Demastes, J.W., Hafner, D.J., Milbach, P.L., Cervantes, F.A. & Hafner, M.S. (2016) Systematic revision of the pocket gopher genus Orthogeomys. Journal of Mammalogy, 97 (2), 405–423. https://doi.org/10.1093/jmammal/gyv185
  311. Springer, M.S., Cleven, G.C., Madsen, O., de Jong, W.W., Waddell, V.G., Amrine, H.M., and Stanhope, M.J. (1997) Endemic African mammals shake the phylogenetic tree. Nature, 388, 61–64. https://doi.org/10.1038/40386
  312. Springer, M.S., Murphy, W.J., Eizirik, E., and O’Brien, S.J. (2003) Placental mammal diversification and the Cretaceous–Tertiary boundary. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 100 (3), 1056–1061. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0334222100
  313. Stanhope, M.J., Waddell, V.G., Madsen, O., de Jong, W., Hedges, S.B., Cleven, G.C., Kao, D. & Springer, M. S. (1998) Molecular evidence for multiple origins of Insectivora and for a new order of endemic African insectivore mammals. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 95 (17), 9967–9972. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.95.17.9967
  314. Swainson, W. (1835) A treatise on the geography and classification of animals. (The Cabinet Cyclopædia. Version 115. Conducted by the Rev. Dionysius Lardner. Natural History). Longman, Reese, Orme, Brown, Green, & Longman, London, vii + 367 pp.
  315. Taber A.B., Altrichter, M., Beck, H. & Gongora, J. (2011) Family Tayassuidae (Peccaries). In: Wilson D.E. & Mittermeier R.A. (Eds.), Handbook of the mammals of the world. Vol. 2. Hoofed Mammals. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona, pp. 292–307.
  316. Tate, G.H.H. (1933) A systematic revision of the marsupial genus Marmosa: with a discussion of the adaptive radiation of the murine opossums (Marmosa). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 66 (Article 1), 1–250. [http://hdl.handle.net/2246/1036]
  317. Tate, G.H.H. (1935) The taxonomy of the genera of neotropical hystricoid rodents. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 68 (Article 5), 295–447. [http://hdl.handle.net/2246/1292]
  318. Tate, G.H.H. (1942) Review of the vespertilionine bats: with special attention to genera and species of the Archbold collections. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 80 (Article 7), 221–297. [http://hdl.handle.net/2246/1783]
  319. Tavares, V.D.C., Gardner, A.L., Ramírez-Chaves, H.E. & Velazco, P.M. (2014) Systematics of Vampyressa melissa Thomas, 1926 (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae), with descriptions of two new species of Vampyressa. American Museum Novitates, 3813, 1–27. https://doi.org/10.1206/3813.1
  320. Taylor, P.J., Lim, B.K., Pennay, M., Soisook, P., Loureiro, L.O., Moras, L.M. & Kingston, T. (2019) Family Molossidae. In: Wilson, D.E. & Russell, A.M. (Eds.) Handbook of the mammals of the World. Vol. 9. Bats. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona, pp. 598–673.
  321. Tejedor, A. (2005) A new species of funnel-eared bat (Natalidae: Natalus) from Mexico. Journal of Mammalogy, 86 (6), 1109–1120. https://doi.org/10.1644/1545-1542(2005)86[1109:ansofb]2.0.co;2
  322. Teta, P. (2019) The usage of subgenera in mammalian taxonomy. Mammalia, 83 (3), 209–211. https://doi.org/10.1515/mammalia-2018-0059
  323. Teta, P. & D’Elía, G. (2019) The least known with the smallest ranges: analyzing the patterns of occurrence and conservation of South American rodents known only from their type localities. Therya, 10 (3), 271–278. https://doi.org/10.12933/therya-19-886
  324. Thewissen, J.G.M. (1994) Phylogenetic aspects of cetacean origins: a morphological perspective. Journal of Mammalian Evolution, 2 (3), 157–184. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf01473527
  325. Thewissen, J.G. & Hussain, S.T. (1993) Origin of underwater hearing in whales. Nature, 361 (6411), 444–445. https://doi.org/10.1038/361444a0
  326. Thewissen, J.G. & Madar, S.I. (1999) Ankle morphology of the earliest cetaceans and its implications for the phylogenetic relations among ungulates. Systematic Biology, 48 (1), 21–30. https://doi.org/10.1080/106351599260418
  327. Thewissen, J.G., Williams, E M., Roe, L.J. & Hussain, S.T. (2001) Skeletons of terrestrial cetaceans and the relationship of whales to artiodactyls. Nature, 413 (6853), 277–281. https://doi.org/10.1038/35095005
  328. Thomas, O. (1889) XVIII.—Description of a new Stenodermatous bat from Trinidad. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 6, 4 (20), 167–170. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222938909460492
  329. Thomas, O. (1893) On two new members of the genus Heteromys and two of Neotoma. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 6, 12 (69), 233–235. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222939308677611
  330. Thomas, O. (1896) On new small mammals from the Neotropical region. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 6, 18 (106), 301–314. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222939608680459
  331. Thomas, O. (1897) Descriptions of new bats and rodents from America. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 6, 20 (120), 544–553. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222939709487398
  332. Thomas, O. (1900) Descriptions of new Neotropical mammals. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 7, 5 (27), 269–274. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222930008678282
  333. Thomas, O. (1901) New Neotropical mammals, with a note on the species of Reithrodon. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 7, 8 (45), 246–255. https://doi.org/10.1080/03745480109442916
  334. Thomas, O. (1901) On a collection of bats from Paraguay. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 7, 8 (47), 435–443. https://doi.org/10.1080/03745480109443341
  335. Thomas, O. (1902) On mammals collected at Cruz del Eje, Central Cordova, by Mr. P. O. Simons. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 7, 9 (52), 237–245. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222930208678580
  336. Thomas, O. (1902) New forms of Saimiri, Oryzomys, Phyllotis, Coendou, and Cyclopes. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 7, 10 (57), 246–250. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222930208678666
  337. Thomas, O. (1903) Two South-American forms of Rhogeessa. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 7, 11 (64), 382–383. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222930308678785
  338. Thomas, O. (1905) New Neotropical Chrotopterus, Sciurus, Neacomys, Coendou, Proechimys, and Marmosa. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 7, 16 (93), 308–314. https://doi.org/10.1080/03745480509442867
  339. Timm, R.M. & LaVal, R.K. (2018) Mammals [of Monteverde]—2000–2017. 17 pp. In: N. T. Wheelwright, N.T. & Nadkarni, N.M. (Eds.), Monteverde: ecología y conservación de un bosque nuboso tropical. Bowdoin Scholars’ Bookshelf. Book 5. Available at: https://kuscholarworks.ku.edu/handle/1808/26058?show=full (accessed 22 January 2023).
  340. Tomes, R.F. (1860) Notes on a third collection of Mammalia made by Mr. Fraser in the Republic of Ecuador. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1860 (Part 28), 260–268.
  341. Torres-Morales, L. (2019) Límites de distribución actual de Sturnira hondurensis. Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad, 90, e902644. https://doi.org/10.22201/ib.20078706e.2019.90.2644
  342. Trouessart, E.L. (1880) Révision du genre écureuil (Sciurus). Le Naturaliste, 1880, 290–315.
  343. Trouessart, E.L. (1898) n.k. In: Catalogus mammalium tam viventium quam fossilium. Nova editio (prima completa). Vol. 2. Part 5. Tillodontia, Ungulata, Sirenia, Cetacea, Edentata, Marsupialia, Allotheria, Monotremata. Appendix (addenda et corrigenda). Index alphabeticus. R. Friedlander & Söhn, Berlin, pp. 999–1264. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.130824
  344. Trujano-Álvarez, A.L. & Álvarez-Castañeda, S.T. (2010) Peromyscus mexicanus (Rodentia: Cricetidae). Mammalian Species, 42 (858), 111–118. https://doi.org/10.1644/858.1
  345. Upham, N.S., Esselstyn, J.A. & Jetz, W. (2019) Inferring the mammal tree: species-level sets of phylogenies for questions in ecology, evolution, and conservation. PLoS Biology, 17 (12), e3000494. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3000494
  346. Vaughan, T.A., Ryan, J.M. & Czaplewski, N.J. (2015) Mammalogy. 6th Edition. Jones and Bartlett Learning, Burlington, Massachusetts, 755 pp.
  347. Velazco, P.M. & Patterson, B.D. (2013) Diversification of the yellow-shouldered bats, genus Sturnira (Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae), in the New World tropics. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 68 (3), 683–698. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2013.04.016
  348. Velazco, P.M. & Patterson, B.D. (2014) Two new species of yellow-shouldered bats, genus Sturnira Gray, 1842 (Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae) from Costa Rica, Panama and western Ecuador. ZooKeys, 402, 43–66. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.402.7228
  349. Velazco, P.M. & Simmons, N.B. (2011) Systematics and taxonomy of great striped-faced bats of the genus Vampyrodes Thomas, 1900 (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae). American Museum Novitates, 3710, 1–35. https://doi.org/10.1206/3710.2
  350. Villalobos-Chaves, D., González-Quirós, A., Lara-Hernández, L. & Rodríguez-Herrera, B. (2018) Notes on the geographic range and distribution of two free-tailed bat species (Chiroptera, Molossidae) in Costa Rica. Check List, 14 (5), 805–810. https://doi.org/10.15560/14.5.805
  351. Villalobos-Chaves, D., Ramírez-Fernández, J.D., Chacón-Madrigal, E., Pineda-Lizano, W. & Rodríguez-Herrera, B. (2016) Clave para la identificación de los roedores de Costa Rica. Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica, 37 pp.
  352. Villalobos-Chaves, D. & Dick, C.W. (2014) Rediscovery of the rare Tacarcunan bat Lasiurus castaneus (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) in Costa Rica. Ecotropica, 20, 83–86.
  353. Voss, R.S. (1988) Systematics and ecology of ichthyomyine rodents (Muroidea): patterns of morphological evolution in a small adaptive radiation. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 188 (Article 2), 259–493. [http://hdl.handle.net/2246/927]
  354. Voss, R.S. (2011) Revisionary notes on Neotropical porcupines (Rodentia: Erethizontidae) 3. An annotated checklist of the species of Coendou Lacépède, 1799. American Museum Novitates, 3720, 1–36. https://doi.org/10.1206/3720.2
  355. Voss, R.S. (2022) An annotated checklist of Recent opossums (Mammalia: Didelphidae). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 455, 1–76. https://doi.org/10.1206/0003-0090.455.1.1
  356. Voss, R.S. & Jansa, S.A. (2021) Opossums: an adaptive radiation of New World marsupials. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Maryland, 313 pp.
  357. Voss, R.S. & Giarla, T.C. (2020) A revision of Philander (Marsupialia: Didelphidae), Part 2: Phylogenetic relationships and morphological diagnosis of P. nigratus Thomas, 1923. American Museum Novitates, 3955, 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1206/3955.1
  358. Voss, R.S., Hubbard, C. & Jansa, S.A. (2013) Phylogenetic relationships of New World porcupines (Rodentia, Erethizontidae): implications for taxonomy, morphological evolution, and biogeography. American Museum Novitates, 3769, 1–36. https://doi.org/10.1206/3769.2
  359. Voss, R.S., Díaz-Nieto, J.F. & Jansa, S.A. (2018) A revision of Philander (Marsupialia: Didelphidae), part 1: P. quica, P. canus, and a new species from Amazonia. American Museum Novitates, 3891, 1–70. https://doi.org/10.1206/3891.1
  360. Voss, R.S., Fleck, D.W. & Jansa, S.A. (2019) Mammalian diversity and Matses ethnomammalogy in Amazonian Peru Part 3: Marsupials (Didelphimorphia). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 432, 1–90. https://doi.org/10.1206/0003-0090.432.1.1
  361. Voss, R.S., Giarla, T.C. & Jansa, S.A. (2021) A Revision of the Didelphid Marsupial Genus Marmosa Part 4. Species of the Alstoni Group (Subgenus Micoureus). American Museum Novitates, 3983, 1–31. https://doi.org/10.1206/3983.1
  362. Waddell, P.J., Okada, N. & Hasegawa, M. (1999) Towards resolving the interordinal relationships of placental mammals. Systematic Biology, 48 (1), 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/48.1.1
  363. Wagner, J.A. (1843) Diagnosen neuer Arten brasilischer Handflügler. Archiv für Naturgeschichte, 9 (1), 365–368.
  364. Wagner, J.A. (1855) n.k. Die Säugthiere in Abbildulungen nach der Natur mit Beschreibungen von Dr. Johann Christian Daniel von Schreber. Supplement 5. Verlag von L.D. Veigel, Leipzig, xxvi + 810 pp.
  365. Wainwright, M. (2007) The Mammals of Costa Rica: A Natural History and Field Guide. Zona Tropical, Comstock Publishing Associates, Ithaca, New York, 454 pp.
  366. Webb, S.D. (1985) The interrelationships of tree sloths and ground sloths. In: Montgomery, G.G. (Ed.), The ecology and evolution of armadillos, sloths, and vermilinguas. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C., pp. 105–112.
  367. Weber, M. (1928) Die Säugetiere. Vol. 2. Systematischer Teil. (In collaboration with Othenio Abel). Gustav Fischer, Jena, xxiv + 898 pp.
  368. Weksler, M. & Lóss, S. (2015) Genus Melanomys Thomas, 1902. In: Patton, J.L., Pardiñas, U.F.J. & D’Elía, G. (Eds.), Mammals of South America. Vol. 2. Rodents. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Illinois, pp. 348–354.
  369. Williams, S.L., Willig, M.R. & Reid, F.A. (1995) Review of the Tonatia bidens complex (Mammalia: Chiroptera), with descriptions of two new subspecies. Journal of Mammalogy, 76 (2), 612–626. https://doi.org/10.2307/1382370
  370. Wilson D.E. (1983) Checklist of mammals of Costa Rica. In: Janzen, D.H. (Ed.), Costa Rican Natural History. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Illinois, pp. 443–447.
  371. Wilson, D.E. (1991) Mammals of the Tres Marías Islands. In: Griffiths, A. & Klingener, D. (Eds.), Contributions to mammalogy in honor of Karl F. Koopman. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 206, 214–250. [http://hdl.handle.net/2246/900]
  372. Wilson, D.E., Timm, R.M. & Chinchilla, F.A. (2002) Mamíferos de Costa Rica. In: Ceballos, G. & Simonetti, J.A. (Eds.), Diversidad y conservación de los mamíferos neotropicales. Comisión Nacional para el Conocimiento y el Uso de la Biodiversidad y Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, D.F., pp. 227–254.
  373. Woodman, N. & Timm, R.M. (2017) A new species of small-eared shrew in the Cryptotis thomasi species group from Costa Rica (Mammalia: Eulipotyphla: Soricidae). Mammal Research, 62 (1), 89–101. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13364-016-0289-6
  374. Woods, C.A. & Kilpatrick, C.W. (2005) Infraorder Hystricognathi Brandt, 1855. In: Wilson, D.E. & Reeder, D.M. (Eds.), Mammal Species of the World. Vol. 2. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Maryland, pp. 1538–1600.
  375. Wozencraft, W.C. (2005) Order carnivora. In: Wilson, D.E. & Reeder, D.M. (Eds.), Mammal Species of the World. Vol. 1. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Maryland, pp. 532–628.
  376. Yepes, J. (1928) Los “Edentata” Argentinos. Sistemática y distribución. Doctoral dissertation, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, 55 pp. [also published with the same title in: Revista de la Universidad de Buenos Aires, Series 2, Sec. V, 1, 461–515]
  377. York, H.A., Rodríguez-Herrera, B., Laval, R.K., Timm, R.M. & Lindsay, K.E. (2019) Field key to the bats of Costa Rica and Nicaragua. Journal of Mammalogy, 100 (6), 1726–1749. https://doi.org/10.1093/jmammal/gyz150
  378. Ziegler, A.C., Howarth, F.G. & Simmons, N.B. (2016) A second endemic land mammal for the Hawaiian Islands: a new genus and species of fossil bat (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae). American Museum Novitates, 3854, 1–52. https://doi.org/10.1206/3854.1