Skip to main content Skip to main navigation menu Skip to site footer
Responsive image
Issue: Vol. 5406 No. 3: 7 Feb. 2024
Type: Article
Published: 2024-02-07
DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5406.3.1
Page range: 401-420
Abstract views: 110
PDF downloaded: 7

A new species of the Scinax cruentomma group (Anura: Hylidae) from the Ucayali River basin of Loreto, Peru

Dirección de Investigación en Diversidad Biológica Terrestre Amazónica; Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana; Av. Quiñones km 2.5; Iquitos; Loreto; Peru
Laboratório de Herpetologia; Departamento de Biodiversidade and Centro de Aquicultura (CAUNESP); Universidade Estadual Paulista-UNESP; Av. 24 A; 1515; Bairro Bela Vista; 13506-970; Rio Claro; SP; Brazil
Departamento de Zoología; Facultad de Ciencias; Universidad de Granada; Granada E-18071; Spain; Department of Herpetology; American Museum of Natural History; Central Park West & 79th St.; 10024; New York; NY; U.S.A.
Departamento de Zoologia; Universidade Federal de Pernambuco; Av. Professor Moraes Rego; S/N; Cidade Universitária; 50760- 420; Recife; PE; Brazil
División Herpetología; Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales “Bernardino Rivadavia” – CONICET; Av. Ángel Gallardo 470; C1405DJR; CABA; Argentina; Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental; Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Universidad de Buenos Aires; C1428EGA; CABA; Argentina
Department of Herpetology; American Museum of Natural History; Central Park West & 79th St.; 10024; New York; NY; U.S.A.; Departmento de Zoología; Universidad de Sevilla; 41012; Sevilla; Spain
Amphibia Amazon basin bioacoustics mating call sp. nov. varillal taxonomy white-sand forests

Abstract

We describe a new species of the Scinax cruentomma species group, with a red streak in the iris and a weakly bilobate vocal sac. It is known from oligotrophic soils in the sedimentary basin of the Ucayali River near Jenaro Herrera (province of Requena, Peru) and Río Blanco (buffer zone of the Matses Indigenous territory and reserve). The new species can be distinguished from the other species of the S. cruentomma group by its small snout-vent length, body and iris color patterns, weakly bilobate vocal sac, myological characters, and the number of notes and pulses of the advertisement call. It is morphologically most similar to S. strussmannae, from which the advertisement call, nostril, canthus rostralis, and loreal region can distinguish it.

 

References

  1. Andrade, G.V. & Cardoso, A.J. (1987) Reconhecimento do grupo rizibilis e descrição de uma nova espécie de Hyla (Amphibia, Anura). Revista Brasileira de Zoologia, 51 (2), 391–402.
  2. Andrade, S.P., Santos, D.P., Rocha, C.F., Pombal, J.P. Jr. & Vaz-Silva, W. (2018) A new species of the Ololygon catharinae species group (Anura: Hylidae) from the Cerrado biome, State of Goiás, Central Brazil. Zootaxa, 4425 (2), 283−303. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4425.2.5
  3. Araujo-Vieira, K. (2016) Geographic distribution: Scinax exiguus. Herpetological Review, 47, 624.
  4. Araujo-Vieira, K., Lourenço, A.C.C., Lacerda, J.V.A., Lyra, M.L., Blotto, B.L., Ron, S.R., Baldo, D., Pereyra, M.O., Suárez-Mayorga, A.M., Baêta, R., Ferreira, R.B., Barrio-Amorós, C.L., Borteiro, C., Brandão, R.A., Brasileiro, C.A., Donnelly, M.A., Dubeux, M.J.M., Köhler, J., Kolenc, F., Leite, F.S.F., Maciel, N.M., Nunes, I., Orrico, V.G.D., Peloso, P.L.V., Pezzuti, T.L., Reichle, S., Rojas-Runjaic, F.J.M., Silva, H.R. da, Sturaro, M.J., Langone, J.A., Garcia, P.C.A., Rodrigues, M.T., Frost, D.R., Wheeler, W.C., Grant, T., Pombal, Jr., J.P., Haddad, C.F.B. & Faivovich, J. (2023) Treefrog diversity in the Neotropics: Phylogenetic relationships of Scinaxini (Anura: Hylidae: Hylinae). South American Journal of Herpetology, 27 (Special Issue), 1–143. https://doi.org/10.2994/SAJH-D-22-00038.1
  5. Barbour, T. (1909) Some new South American cold-blooded vertebrates. Proceedings of the New England Zoölogical Club, 4, 47–52. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.9341
  6. Barrio, A. (1965) Cloricia fisiológica en batracios anuros. Physis, 25,137–142.
  7. Barrio-Amorós, C.L. (1999 “1998”) Sistemática y biogeografía de los anfibios (Amphibia) de Venezuela/Systematics and biogeography of the amphibians (Amphibia) of Venezuela. Acta Biológica Venezuelica, 18, 1–93.
  8. Barrio-Amorós, C.L., Orellana, A. & Chacón, A. (2004) A new species of Scinax (Anura: Hylidae) from the Andes of Venezuela. Journal of Herpetology, 38, 105–112. https://doi.org/10.1670/82-01N
  9. Bock, W.J. & Shear, C.R. (1972) A staining method for gross dissection of vertebrate muscles. Anatomische Anzeiger, 130, 222–227.
  10. Bokermann, W.C.A. (1964) Uma nova especie de Hyla da Serra do Mar em São Paulo (Amphibia, Salientia). Revista Brasileira de Biologia, 24 (4), 429–434.
  11. Bokermann, W.C.A. & Sazima I. (1973) Anfíbios da Serra do Cipó, Minas Gerais, Brasil. II: Duas espécies novas de Hyla (Anura, Hylidae). Revista Brasileira de Biologia, 33, 521–528.
  12. Caramaschi, U. & Kisteumacher, G. (1989) Duas novas espécies de Ololygon Fitzinger, 1843, do Sudeste do Brasil (Amphibia, Anura, Hylidae). Boletim do Museu Nacional, Nova Série, Zoologia, 327, 1–15.
  13. Carvalho, T.R., Teixeira, B.F.V., Duellman, W.E. & Giaretta, A.A. (2015) Scinax cruentommus (Anura: Hylidae) in the upper Rio Negro drainage, Amazonas state, Brazil, with the redescription of its advertisement call. Phyllomedusa, 14, 139−146. https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v14i2p139-146
  14. Carvalho, T.R., Azarak P., Bang, D.L., Duellman, W.E. & Giaretta, A.A. (2017) A reassessment of the vocalization and distribution of Scinax exiguus (Duellman, 1986) (Anura: Hylidae) in the Amazonian savanna of Roraima, northern Brazil, with description of its aggressive call. Neotropical Biodiversity, 3, 196−202. https://doi.org/10.1080/23766808.2017.1375813
  15. Cervino, N.G, Elias-Costa, A.J., Pereyra, M.O. & Faivovich, J. (2021) A closer look at pupil diversity and evolution in frogs and toads. Proceedings of the Royal Society B 288: 20211402. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2021.1402
  16. Cope, E.D. (1865) Third contribution to the herpetology of tropical America. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 17,185–198.
  17. Cope, E.D. (1874) On some Batrachia and Nematognathi brought from the upper Amazon by Prof. Orton. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 26, 120–137.
  18. De la Riva, I. (1990) Una especie nueva de Ololygon (Anura: Hylidae) procedente de Bolivia. Revista Española de Herpetología, 4, 81–86.
  19. De la Riva, I. (1993) A new species of Scinax (Anura, Hylidae) from Argentina and Bolivia. Journal of Herpetology, 27, 41–46. https://doi.org/10.2307/1564903
  20. De la Riva, I., Márquez, R. & Bosch, J. (1994) Advertisement calls of Bolivian species of Scinax (Amphibia, Anura, Hylidae). Bijdragen tot de Dierkunde, 64, 75−85. https://doi.org/10.1163/26660644-06402002
  21. De Witte, G.F. (1930) Liste des reptiles et batraciens récoltés au Brésil par la Mission Massart (1922–23) et description de sept nouvelles espèces. In: Massart, J. (Ed.), Une Mission Biologique Belge au Brésil (août 1922–mai 1923) par Jean Massart, Raymond Bouillene, Paul Ledoux, Paul Brien, et Albert Navez. Vol. 2. Imprimerie Medicale et Scientifique, Bruxelles, pp. 213–230.
  22. Duellman, W.E. (1970) The Hylid Frogs of Middle America. Monograph of the Museum of Natural History, The University of Kansas, 1, 1–753. [2 Vols.] https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.2835
  23. Duellman, W.E. (1972) A new species of Hyla from Amazonian Ecuador. Copeia, 1972, 265–271. https://doi.org/10.2307/1442487
  24. Duellman, W.E. (1986) Two new species of Ololygon (Anura: Hylidae) from the Venezuelan Guyana. Copeia, 1986, 864–870. https://doi.org/10.2307/1445281
  25. Duellman, W.E. (2001) Hylid Frogs of Middle America. 2 Vols. Revised Edition. Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles, Ithaca, New York, xi + 753 pp., 324 figs., 72 pls.
  26. Duellman, W.E. & Pyles, R.E. (1983) Acoustic resource partitioning in anuran communities. Copeia, 1983, 639−649. https://doi.org/10.2307/1444328
  27. Duellman, W.E. & Wiens, J.J. (1993) Hylid frogs of the genus Scinax Wagler, 1830, in Amazonian Ecuador and Peru. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Natural History University of Kansas, 153, 1−57.
  28. Duellman, W.E., Marion A.B. & Hedges S.B. (2016) Phylogenetics, classification, and biogeography of the treefrogs (Amphibia: Anura: Arboranae). Zootaxa, 4104 (1), 1–109. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4104.1.1
  29. Dunn, E.R. (1933) A new Hyla from the Panama Canal zone. Occasional Papers of the Boston Society of Natural History, 8, 61–64.
  30. Elias-Costa, A.E., Araujo-Vieira, K. & Faivovich, J. (2021) Evolution of the strikingly diverse submandibular muscles in Anura. Cladistics, 37, 489−517. https://doi.org/10.1111/cla.12451
  31. Faivovich, J. (2002) A cladistic analysis of Scinax (Anura: Hylidae). Cladistics, 18, 367–393. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-0031.2002.tb00157.x
  32. Faivovich, J., Haddad, C.F.B., Garcia, P.C.A., Frost, D.R., Campbell, J.A. & Wheeler, W.C. (2005) Systematic review of the frog family Hylidae, with special reference to Hylinae: Phylogenetic analysis and taxonomic revision. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 294, 1–240. https://doi.org/10.1206/0003-0090(2005)294[0001:SROTFF]2.0.CO;2
  33. Fabrezi, M. & Alberch, P. (1996) The carpal elements of anurans. Herpetologica, 52, 188–204.
  34. Ferrão, M., Moravec, J., Fraga, R., Almeida, A.P., Kaefer, I.L. & Lima, A.P. (2017) A new species of Scinax from the Purus-Madeira interfluve, Brazilian Amazonia (Anura, Hylidae). Zookeys 706, 137−162. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.706.14691
  35. Ferrão, M., Moravec, J., Kaefer, I.L., Fraga, R. & Lima, A.P. (2018a) New species of Scinax (Anura: Hylidae) with red-striped eyes from Brazilian Amazonia. Journal of Herpetology, 52, 473–486. https://doi.org/10.1670/17-165
  36. Ferrão, M., Fraga, R., Moravec, J., Kaefer, I.L. & Lima, A.P. (2018b) A new species of Amazonian snouted treefrog (Hylidae: Scinax) with description of a novel species-habitat association for an aquatic breeding frog. PeerJ, 6, e4321. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.4321
  37. Ferrão, M., Moravec, J., Ferreira, A.S., Moraes, L.J.C.L. & Hanken, J. (2022) A new snouted treefrog of the genus Scinax (Anura, Hylidae) from the white-sand forests of central Amazonia. Breviora, 573, 1–36. https://doi.org/10.3099/0006-9698-573.1.1
  38. Fitzinger, L.J.F.J. (1843) Systema Reptilium. Fasciculus Primus. Braumüller et Seidel, Wien, 106 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.4694
  39. Fouquette, M.J. Jr. & Pyburn, W.F. (1972) A new Colombian treefrog of the Hyla rubra complex. Herpetologica, 28, 176–181.
  40. Gagliardi-Urrutia, G. (2020) El papel de los bosques de arena blanca en la diversidad de anfibios de la Amazonia Oeste. Ph.D. dissertation, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre. [unknown pagination]
  41. García‐Villacorta, R., Dexter, K.G. & Pennington, T. (2016) Amazonian white‐sand forests Show strong floristic links with surrounding oligotrophic habitats and the Guiana shield. Biotropica, 48, 47–57. https://doi.org/10.1111/btp.12302
  42. Haddad, C.F.B. & Pombal Jr., J.P. (1987) Hyla hiemalis, nova espécie do grupo rizibilis do estado de São Paulo. Revista Brasileira de Biologia, 47, 127–132.
  43. Heyer, W.R., Rand, A.S., Cruz, C.A.G. da, Peixoto, O.L. & Nelson, C.E. (1990) Frogs of Boracéia. Arquivos de Zoologia, 31, 231–410.
  44. IIAP (2023) Centro de Investigación Jenaro Herrera—José López Parodi. Available from: http://www.iiap.org.pe/web/ci-jenaro-herrera.aspx (accessed 9 August 2023)
  45. Juncá, F.A., Napoli, M.F., Nunes, I. , Mercês, E. de A. & de Abreu, R.O. (2015) A new species of the Scinax ruber clade (Anura, Hylidae) from the Espinhaço Range, northeastern Brazil. Herpetologica, 71, 299–309. https://doi.org/10.1655/HERPETOLOGICA-D-14-00032
  46. K. Lisa Yang Center for Conservation Bioacoustics at the Cornell Lab of Ornithology (2023) Raven Pro: Interactive Sound Analysis Software. Version 1.6.4. Computer software. The Cornell Lab of Ornithology. Ithaca, New York. Available from https://ravensoundsoftware.com (accessed 8 January 2024)
  47. Köhler, G. (2011) Amphibians of Central America. Herpeton, Offenbach, 379 pp.
  48. Köhler, J., Jansen, M., Rodríguez, A., Kok, P.J.R., Toledo, L.F., Emmerich, M., Glaw, F., Haddad, C.F.B., Rödel, M.-O. & Vences M. (2017) The use of bioacoustics in anuran taxonomy: theory, terminology, methods, and recommendations for best practice. Zootaxa, 4251 (1), 1–124. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4251.1.1
  49. León, J.R. (1969) The systematics of the frogs of the Hyla rubra group in Middle America. University of Kansas Publications, Museum of Natural History, 18, 505–545. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.19991
  50. Lescure, J. & Marty, C. (2000) Atlas dês amphibiens de Guyane. Collections Patrimoines Naturels, 45, 1–388.
  51. López-Parodi, J. & Freitas, D. (1990) Geographical aspects of forested wetlands in the lower Ucayali, Peruvian Amazonia. Forest ecology and management, 33/34, 157–168. https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-1127(90)90190-M
  52. Lourenço, A.C.C., Zina, J., Catroli, G.F., Faivovich, J. & Haddad, C.F.B. (2016) A new species of the Scinax catharinae group (Anura: Hylidae) from Southeastern Brazil. Zootaxa, 4154 (4), 415−435. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4154.4.3
  53. Lourenço, A.C.C., Lingnau, R., Haddad, C.F.B. & Faivovich, J. (2019) A new species of the Scinax catharinae group (Anura: Hylidae) from the highlands of Santa Catarina, Brazil. South American Journal of Herpetology, 14, 163–176. https://doi.org/10.2994/SAJH-D-18-00001.1
  54. Lourenço, A.C.C., Lacerda, J.V.A., Cruz, C.A.G., Nascimento, L.B. & Pombal, J.P. Jr. (2020) A new species of the Scinax catharinae group (Anura: Hylidae) from the Atlantic rainforest of northeastern Minas Gerais, southeastern Brazil. Zootaxa, 4878 (2), 305−321. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4878.2.5
  55. Luna, M.C., McDiarmid, R.W. & Faivovich, J. (2018) From erotic excrescences to pheromone shots: structure and diversity of nuptial pads in anurans. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 124, 403–446. https://doi.org/10.1093/biolinnean/bly048
  56. Lutz, A. & Lutz, B. (1939) New Hylidae from Brazil/Hylideos novos do Brasil. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências, 11, 67–89.
  57. Lutz, B. (1954) Anfibios anuros do Distrito Federal/The frogs of the Federal District of Brazil. Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 52, 155–197 & 219–238. [in Portuguese & in English] https://doi.org/10.1590/S0074-02761954000100009
  58. Magrini, L., Carvalho-e-Silva, S.P., Béda, A.F. & Giaretta, A.A. (2011) Calls of five species of the Scinax ruber (Anura: Hylidae) clade from Brazil with comments of their taxonomy. Zootaxa, 3066 (1), 37–51. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3066.1.3
  59. Miranda-Ribeiro, A. (1937) Sobre uma coleção de vertebrados do nordeste brasileiro. Primeira parte: peixes e batrachios. O Campo, 1937, 54–56.
  60. Moravec, J., Tuanama, I.A., Pérez-Peña, P.E. & Lehr. E. (2009) A new species of Scinax (Anura: Hylidae) from the area of Iquitos, Amazonian Peru. South American Journal of Herpetology, 4, 9–16. https://doi.org/10.2994/057.004.0102
  61. Myers, C.W. & Duellman, W.E. (1982) A new species of Hyla from Cerro Colorado, and other tree frog records and geographical notes from Western Panama. American Museum Novitates, 2752, 1–32.
  62. Napoli, M.F. (2005) A new species allied to Hyla circumdata (Anura: Hylidae) from Serra da Mantiqueira, southeastern Brazil. Herpetologica, 61, 63–69. https://doi.org/10.1655/03-41
  63. Novaes-E-Fagundes, G., Araujo-Vieira, K., Entiauspe-Neto, O.M., Roberto, I.J., Orrico, V.G.D., Solé, M., Haddad, C.F.B. & Loebmann, D. (2021) A new species of Scinax Wagler (Hylidae: Scinaxini) from the tropical forests of Northeastern Brazil. Zootaxa, 4903 (1), 1−41. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4903.1.1
  64. Padial, J.M., Miralles, A., De la Riva, I. & Vences M. (2010) The integrative future of taxonomy. Frontiers in Zoology, 7, 16. https://doi.org/10.1186/1742-9994-7-16
  65. Peixoto, O.L. & Weygoldt, P. (1987) Notes on Ololygon heyeri Weygoldt 1986 from Espirito Santo, Brazil (Amphibia: Salientia: Hylidae). Senckenbergiana Biologica, 68, 1–9.
  66. Pitman, N., Vriesendorp, C., Rivera, L.C., Wachter, T., Alvira-Reyes, D., del Campo, Á., Gagliardi-Urrutia, G., Rivera, D.G., Trevejo, L., Rivera, D.G. & Heilpern, S. (Eds.) (2015) Perú: Tapiche-Blanco. Rapid Biological and Social Inventories Report 27. The Field Museum, Chicago, Illinois, 400 pp.
  67. Pombal, J.P. Jr., Bastos, R.P. & Haddad, C.F.B. (1995) Vocalizações de algumas espécies do gênero Scinax (Anura, Hylidae) do sudeste do Brasil e comentários taxonômicos. Naturalia, 20, 213–225.
  68. Pombal, J.P. Jr., Bilate, M., Gambale, P.G., Signorelli, L. & Bastos, R.P. (2011) A new miniature treefrog of the Scinax ruber clade from the Cerrado of central Brazil (Anura: Hylidae). Herpetologica, 67, 288–299. https://doi.org/10.1655/HERPETOLOGICA-D-10-00067.1
  69. Pombal, J.P. Jr., Haddad, C.F.B. & Kasahara, S. (1995) A new species of Scinax (Anura: Hylidae) from southeastern Brazil, with comments on the genus. Journal of Herpetology, 29, 1–6. https://doi.org/10.2307/1565078
  70. Pyburn, W.F. (1992) A new tree frog of the genus Scinax from the Vaupes River of northwestern Brazil. The Texas Journal of Science, 44, 405–411.
  71. Pyburn, W.F. (1993). A new species of dimorphic tree frog, genus Hyla (Amphibia: Anura: Hylidae), from the Vaupes River of Colombia. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 106, 46–50.
  72. Pyburn, W.F. & Fouquette, M.J. Jr. (1971) A new striped treefrog from central Colombia. Journal of Herpetology, 5, 97–101. https://doi.org/10.2307/1562731
  73. Rivero, J.A. (1961) Salientia of Venezuela. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, 126, 1–207.
  74. Ron, S.R., Duellman, W.E., Caminer, M.A. & Pazmi, D. (2018) Advertisement calls and DNA sequences reveal a new species of Scinax (Anura: Hylidae ) on the Pacific lowlands of Ecuador. PLoS ONE, 13, 1–26. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0203169
  75. Sabaj, M.H. (2020) Codes for natural history collections in Ichthyology and Herpetology. Copeia, 108 (3), 593–669. https://doi.org/10.1643/ASIHCODONS2020
  76. Sabaj, M.H. (2022) Codes for Natural History Collections in Ichthyology and Herpetology. Online supplement. Version 9.0. 14 February 2022. American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists, Washington, D.C. Electronically accessible. Available from: https://asih.org (accessed 8 January 2023)
  77. Savage, J.M. & Heyer, W.R. (1967) Variation and distribution in the tree-frog genus Phyllomedusa in Costa Rica, Central America. Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment, 5, 111–131. https://doi.org/10.1080/01650526709360400
  78. Sturaro, M.J. & Peloso, P.L.V. (2014) A new species of Scinax Wagler, 1830 (Anura: Hylidae) from the middle Amazon River basin, Brazil. Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia, 54, 9–23. https://doi.org/10.1590/0031-1049.2014.54.02
  79. Sueur J., Aubin, T. & Simonis, C. (2008) Seewave, a free modular tool for sound analysis and synthesis. Bioacoustics, 18, 213–226. https://doi.org/10.1080/09524622.2008.9753600
  80. Taboada, C., Brunetti, A.E., Lyra, M.L., Fitak, R., Faigon, A., Ron, S., Lagorio, M.G., Haddad, C.F.B., Lopes, N.P., Johnsen, S., Faivovich, J., Chemes, L.B. & Bari, S. (2020) Multiple origins of green coloration in frogs mediated by a novel biliverdin-binding serpin. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, United States of America, 117, 18574–18581. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2006771117
  81. Vieites, D.R., Wollenberg, K.C., Andreone, F., Köhler, J., Glaw, F. & Vences, M. (2009) Vast underestimation of Madagascar’s biodiversity evidenced by an integrative amphibian inventory. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, United States of America, 106, 8267–8272. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0810821106
  82. Wagler, J. (1830) Natürliches System der Amphibien, mit vorangehender Classification der Säugthiere und Vogel. Ein Beitrag zur vergleichenden Zoologie. J.G. Cotta, München, Stuttgart and Tübingen, 354 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.108661
  83. Watters, J.L., Cummings, S.T., Flanagan, R.L. & Siler, C.D. (2016) Review of morphometric measurements used in anuran species descriptions and recommendations for a standardized approach. Zootaxa, 4072 (4), 477–495. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4072.4.6
  84. Werner, F. (1903) Neue Reptilien und Batrachier aus dem naturhistorischen Museum in Brussel. Nebst bemerkungen uber einige andere Arten. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 26, 246–253.