Abstract
In the family Heptageniidae (Ephemeroptera), Cinygmula hutchinsoni (Traver, 1939) from central Asia is the only species known to possess pointed claws and a distinct frontal fold. Here, a second similar species with the same combination of characters is described. Cinygmula longissima sp. nov. is found in the eastern Himalaya of China, shows stouter imaginal penes, darker wingbases, and narrower nymphal gills than the previous one. This discovery indicates that this species of Heptageniidae are not limited to central Asia but live in high-altitude alpine habitats.
References
- Braasch, D. & Boonsoong, B. (2009) A new Notacanthurus Tshernova, 1974 and a new Rhithrogena Eaton, 1881 (subgenus Tumungula Zhou & Peters, 2004) from Thailand (Heptageniidae, Ephemeroptera). Zootaxa, 2166 (1), 33–44. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2166.1.3
- Edmunds, G.F. Jr. & McCafferty, W.P. (1988) The mayfly subimago. Annual Review of Entomology, 33, 509–529. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.en.33.010188.002453
- Kluge, N.J. (2015) Central Asian mountain Rhithrogenini (Ephemeroptera: Heptageniidae) with pointed and ephemeropteroid claws in the winged stages. Zootaxa, 3994 (3), 301–353. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3994.3.1
- Kluge, N.J. (2004) The phylogenetic system of Ephemeroptera. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, 456 pp. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0872-3
- Ma, Z.X. & Zhou, C.F. (2021) The imaginal characters of Neoephemera projecta showing its plesiomorphic position and a new genus status in the family (Ephemeroptera: Neoephemeridae). Insects, 12 (723), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects12080723
- Pescador, M.L. & Edmunds, G.F., Jr. (1994) New genus of Oligoneuriidae (Ephemeroptera) from South America. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 87 (3), 263–269. https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/87.3.263
- Qiang, X.H. & Zhou, C.F. (2023) A preliminary review of Isonychia Eaton, 1871 from Chinese mainland with a re–description of I. kiangsinensis Hsu, 1936 (Insecta, Ephemeroptera, Isonychiidae). ZooKeys, 1178, 115–141. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1178.104619
- Si, Q., Luo, J.Y., Hu, Z., Zhang, W. & Zhou, C.F. (2017) The nymph and key imaginal characters of Chinese mayfly Chankagenesia yangi (Ephemeroptera: Palingeniidae). Entomological news, 116 (3), 242–251. https://doi.org/10.3157/021.127.0307
- Traver, J.R. (1939) Himalayan mayflies (Ephemeroptera). Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 11 (4), 32–56. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222933908526972
- Zhou, C.F. & Peters, J.G. (2003) The nymph of Siphluriscus chinensis and additional imaginal description: a living mayfly with Jurassic origin (Siphluriscidae new family: Ephemeroptera). Florida Entomologist, 86, 345–352. https://doi.org/10.1653/0015-4040(2003)086[0345:TNOSCA]2.0.CO;2