Skip to main content Skip to main navigation menu Skip to site footer
Type: Article
Published: 2024-07-19
Page range: 531-546
Abstract views: 126
PDF downloaded: 90

Two new genera of tokoriro (Orthoptera: Rhaphidophoridae: Macropathinae) from Aotearoa New Zealand

Wildlife & Ecology; Massey University; Private Bag 11-222; Palmerston North; New Zealand
Orthoptera Cave wētā Camel cricket Biodiversity West Coast Rakiura Wet forest

Abstract

Two new genera and three new species of forest inhabiting Macropathinae (Orthoptera: Rhaphidophoridae) are described from Aotearoa New Zealand. Crux Trewick gen. nov. is described with two new species, Crux boudica sp. nov. from Rakiura Stewart Island and southwest South Island and Crux heggi sp. nov. from northwest South Island. The monotypic genus Occultastella Trewick gen. nov. is represented by Occultastella morgani sp. nov. from northwest South Island.

 

References

  1. Brunner von Wattenwyl, C. (1888) Monographie der Stenopelmatiden und Gryllacriden. Verhandlungen zoologische-botanische Gesellschaft Wien, 38, 247–394.
  2. Chernomor, O., von Haeseler, A. & Minh, B.Q. (2016) Terrace aware data structure for phylogenomic inference from supermatrices. Systematic Biology, 65, 997–1008. https://doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/syw037
  3. Chopard, L. (1923) On some New Zealand Orthoptera. Transactions of New Zealand Institute, 54, 230–239.
  4. Conroy, L.P. & Gray, D.A. (2015) Male Armaments and reproductive behavior in “Nutcracker” camel crickets (Rhaphidophoridae, Pristoceuthophilus). Insects, 6 (1), 85–99. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects6010085
  5. Cook, L., Trewick, S.A., Morgan-Richards, M. & Johns, P.M. (2010) Status of New Zealand cave weta (Rhaphidophoridae) genera Pachyrhamma, Gymnoplectron and Turbottoplectron. Invertebrate Systematics, 24, 131–138. https://doi.org/10.1071/IS09047
  6. Crosby, T.K., Dugdale, J.S. & Watt, J.C. (1976) Area codes for recording specimen localities in the New Zealand subregion. New Zealand Journal of Zoology, 25 (2), 175–183. https://doi.org/10.1080/03014223.1998.9518148
  7. Dowle, E.J., Trewick, S.A. & Morgan-Richards, M. (2024) Fossil calibrated phylogenies of southern cave wçtâ show dispersal and extinction confound biogeographic signal. Royal Society Open Science, 11, 231118. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.231118
  8. Edie, S.M., Smits, P.D. & Jablonski, D. (2017) Probabilistic models of species discovery and biodiversity comparisons. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 114, 3666–3671. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1616355114
  9. Fitness, J., Morgan-Richards, M., Hegg, D. & Trewick, S.A. (2018) Reinstatement of the New Zealand cave wçtâ genus Miotopus Hutton (Orthoptera: Rhaphidophoridae) and description of a new species. European Journal of Taxonomy, 468, 1–28. https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2018.468
  10. Fontaine, B., Perrard, A. & Bouchet, P. (2012) 21 years of shelf life between discovery and description of new species. Current Biology, 22, 943–944. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2012.10.029
  11. Hegg, D., Morgan-Richards, M. & Trewick, S.A. (2019) Diversity and distribution of Pleioplectron Hutton cave wçtâ (Orthoptera: Rhaphidophoridae: Macropathinae), with synonymy of Weta Chopard and description of seven new species. European Journal of Taxonomy, 577, 1–46. https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2019.577
  12. Hegg, D., Morgan-Richards, M. & Trewick, S.A. (2022) High alpine sorcerers: revision of the cave wçtâ genus Pharmacus Pictet & de Saussure (Orthoptera: Rhaphidophoridae: Macropathinae), with the description of six new species and three new subspecies. European Journal of Taxonomy, 808, 1–58. https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2019.577
  13. Hoang, D.T., Chernomor, O., von Haeseler, A., Minh, B.Q. & Vinh, L.S. (2018) UFBoot2: Improving the ultrafast bootstrap approximation. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 35, 518–522. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msx281
  14. Hutton, F.W. (1897) The Stenopelmatidae of New Zealand. Transactions of the New Zealand Institute, 29, 223–240.
  15. Johns, P.M. (1997) The Gondwanaland Weta: Family Anostostomatidae (Formerly in Stenopelmatidae, Henicidae or Mimnermidae): Nomenclatural Problems, World Checklist, New Genera and Species. Journal of Orthoptera Research, 6, 125–138. https://doi.org/10.2307/3503546
  16. Johns, P.M. & Cook, L.D. (2014) Maotoweta virescens new genus and new species; hidden in a moss forest (Orthoptera: Rhaphidophoridae). Records of the Canterbury Museum, 27, 11–17.
  17. Kalyaanamoorthy, S., Minh, B.Q., Wong, T.K.F, von Haeseler, A. & Jermiin, L.S. (2017) ModelFinder: Fast model selection for accurate phylogenetic estimates. Nature Methods, 14, 587–589. https://doi.org/10.1038/nmeth.4285
  18. Karny, H.H. (1929) Phylogenetische und tiergeogeographische Erwageungen zur Sytematik der Rhaphidophorinen. Archiv fürKlassifikatorische und Phylogenetische Entomologie, 1, 57–76.
  19. Lanfear, R., Calcott, B., Ho, S.Y.W. & Guindon, S. (2012) PartitionFinder: Combined selection of partitioning schemes and substitution models for phylogenetic analyses. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 29, 1695–1701. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/mss020
  20. Minh, B.Q., Schmidt, H.A., Chernomor, O., Schrempf, D., Woodhams, M.D., von Haeseler, A. & Lanfear, R. (2020) IQ-TREE 2: New models and efficient methods for phylogenetic inference in the genomic era. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 37, 1530–1534. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msaa015
  21. Platt, R. (2012) Species endangered by coal mining. Scientific American. Available from: https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/extinction-countdown/discovered-cave-weta-endangered-coal-mining/ (accessed 1 July 2024)
  22. Richards, A.M. (1954) The systematics and ecology of the genus Macropathus Walker, 1869 (Orthoptera, Rhaphidophoridae). Transactions of the Royal Society of New Zealand, 82, 739–762.
  23. Richards, A.M. (1965) Revision of the Rhaphidophoridae (Orthoptera) of New Zealand. Part 12. A new species of Pallidoplectron Richards. Transactions of the Royal Society of New Zealand, Zoology, 7, 135–139.
  24. Simon, C., Frati, F., Beckenbach, A., Crespi, B.J., Liu, H. & Flook, P. (1994) Evolution, weighting, and phylogenetic utility of mitochondrial gene sequences and a compilation of conserved polymerase chain reaction primers. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 87, 651–701. https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/87.6.651
  25. Taylor-Smith, B.L., Morgan-Richards, M. & Trewick, S.A. (2013) New Zealand ground wçtâ (Anostostomatidae: Hemiandrus): descriptions of two species with notes on their biology. New Zealand Journal of Zoology, 40, 314–329. https://doi.org/10.1080/03014223.2013.804422
  26. Trewick, S.A. & Morgan-Richard, M. (2005) After the deluge: mitochondrial DNA indicates Miocene radiation and Pliocene adaptation of tree and giant weta (Orthoptera: Anostostomatidae). Journal of Biogeography, 32, 295–309. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2699.2004.01179.x
  27. Trewick, S.A., Hegg, D., Morgan-Richards, M., Murray, T., Watts, C., Johns, P. & Michel, P. (2022) Conservation status of Orthoptera (wçtâ, crickets and grasshoppers) in Aotearoa New Zealand. New Zealand Threat Classification Series 39. NZTCS, Department of Conservation, Wellington, 28 pp.
  28. Trewick, S.A. (1999) A new weta from the Chatham Islands (Orthoptera: Rhaphidophoridae). Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand, 29, 165–173. https://doi.org/10.1080/03014223.1999.9517590
  29. Trifinopoulos, J., Nguyen, L.-T., von Haeseler, A. & Minh, B.Q. (2016) W-IQ-TREE: a fast online phylogenetic tool for maximum likelihood analysis. Nucleic Acids Research, 44 (1), W232–W235. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkw256
  30. Walker, F. (1869) Catalogue of the Specimens of Dermaptera Saltatoria in the Collection of the British Museum. Vol. 1. British Museum, London, 108 pp.