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Issue: Vol. 5492 No. 2: 5 Aug. 2024
Type: Article
Published: 2024-08-05
DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5492.2.3
Page range: 191-213
Abstract views: 319
PDF downloaded: 6

Snailfishes of the genus Careproctus (Perciformes: Liparidae) with a reduced pelvic disk: three new species and new records from the western North Pacific with comments on their phenotypic diversity

Maizuru Fisheries Research Station; Field Science Education and Research Center; Kyoto University; Nagahama; Maizuru; Kyoto 625-0086; Japan
Marine Science Museum; Fukushima (Aquamarine Fukushima); Onahama; Iwaki; Fukushima 971-8101; Japan
Marine Science Museum; Fukushima (Aquamarine Fukushima); Onahama; Iwaki; Fukushima 971-8101; Japan
A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology; Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; ul. Palchevskogo 17; Vladivostok 690041; Russia
Demersal Fish Resources Division; Fisheries Stock Assessment Center; Fisheries Resources Institute; Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency; National Research and Development Agency; 25-259 Shimomekurakubo; Same; Hachinohe; Aomori 031-0841; Japan
Fisheries Science Center; The Hokkaido University Museum; 3-1-1 Minato-cho; Hakodate; Hokkaido 041-8611; Japan
Pisces Careproctus barbatulus sp. nov. Careproctus longibarbatus sp. nov. Careproctus spinulosus sp. nov. Careproctus gilberti species group revision COI morphological variation

Abstract

A taxonomic review of the snailfish genus Careproctus (Liparidae) with a reduced pelvic disk—the Careproctus gilberti species group—from the western North Pacific recognized three new species from the southern Sea of Okhotsk, and confirmed the validity of Careproctus gilberti, Careproctus mederi, Careproctus ostentum, and Careproctus parvidiscus. One of the newly described species, Careproctus longibarbatus sp. nov., had been previously confused with C. mederi, but was readily distinguishable on the basis of counts of vertebrae (61–66 vs. 57–63), dorsal- (56–60 vs. 52–56) and anal-fin rays (50–54 vs. 47–52), as well as length of the pectoral fin lower lobe (extending past anus vs. not reaching anus) and color of the peritoneum (dark vs. pale with black dots). Careproctus barbatulus sp. nov. and Careproctus spinulosus sp. nov. were diagnosed by pectoral fin lower lobe length, anus position, and vertebral, and dorsal- and anal-fin ray counts. The validities of the three new species were also confirmed by mitochondrial sequence data. Careproctus mederi was redescribed based on specimens from the southern Sea of Okhotsk, representing the first Japanese, as well as southernmost record of the species. Furthermore, the full description of an unidentified Careproctus species, most similar to C. gilberti, from the Pacific coast of Hokkaido was provided. Significant morphological variation within the C. gilberti species group, possibly resulting from reproductive interference among sympatric species, was also discussed.

 

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