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Issue: Vol. 5529 No. 3: 29 Oct. 2024
Type: Article
Published: 2024-10-29
DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5529.3.4
Page range: 487-510
Abstract views: 464
PDF downloaded: 31

Diving deeper into the taxonomy of the Neoscopelus species complex (Myctophiformes: Neoscopelidae) with the description of Neoscopelus serranoi sp. nov.

Grupo de Estudo do Medio Mariño (GEMM); Edif. Club Naútico bajo; 15960 Ribeira; Spain
Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR/CIMAR); Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões; Avenida General Norton de Matos; S/N 4450-208; Matosinhos; Portugal
Centro Oceanográfico de Santander (COST-IEO); CSIC; Severiano Ballesteros 16; 39004 Santander; Spain
Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas; CSIC; Calle Eduardo Cabello 6; 36208 Vigo; Spain
Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo (COV-IEO); CSIC; Subida a Radio Faro 50; 36390 Vigo; Spain
Centro Oceanográfico de Cádiz (COCAD-IEO); CSIC; Puerto Pesquero; Muelle de Levante s/n; 11006 Cádiz; Spain
Departamento de Bioquímica; Xenética e Inmunoloxía; Facultade de Bioloxía; Universidade de Vigo; Rúa Fonte das Abelleiras s/n; 36310 Vigo; Spain; Centro de Investigación Mariña da Universidade de Vigo (CIM-UVIGO); 36310 Vigo; Spain
Pisces Neoscopelus macrolepidotus Neoscopelus microchir COI species complex crypticism distribution

Abstract

Previous studies have highlighted possible cryptic biodiversity in the genus Neoscopelus. This hypothesis was tested using new morphological, molecular and biogeographical data on species of this genus caught in the north Atlantic between 2010 and 2022. The information obtained has been combined with available data in an integrative approach, including a review of morphological characters reported in the ichthyological literature and DNA-based species delimitation analyses. The main outcome of the present study is the description of Neoscopelus serranoi sp. nov. from the Atlantic and southwestern Indian Oceans. The new species is morphologically very similar to Neoscopelus microchir from which differs in having a shorter anal-fin base, a shorter pelvic fin, more dorsal and pectoral-fin rays, less anal-fin rays, fewer gillrakers and fewer isthmus and lateral photophores. They also differ in geographic distribution, with the new species occurring in the Atlantic Ocean and the near southwestern Indian Ocean, whereas N. microchir was originally described from Japanese waters of the Pacific Ocean. A literature review of available morphological data between geographic areas for Neoscopelus macrolepidotus and Neoscopelus microchir showed a large intraspecific overlap and no boundaries. However, molecular species delimitation based on the mitochondrial COI gene revealed the existence of cryptic diversity in both species, with eight to ten molecular operational taxonomic units (MOTU), compared to three valid species. Neoscopelus serranoi sp. nov. was considered an independent MOTU in all analyses performed, supporting the morphological identification as a new species. These results highlight that the taxonomy of Neoscopelus is far from settled and show that a greater sampling effort is needed to resolve the uncertainties and to describe unknown putative species. This also exemplifies the virtues of integrative taxonomy in delving into the systematics of deep-sea fishes.

 

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