Skip to main content Skip to main navigation menu Skip to site footer
Responsive image
Issue: Vol. 5662 No. 1: 18 Jul. 2025
Type: Monograph
Published: 2025-07-18
DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5662.1.1
Page range: 1-115
Abstract views: 88
PDF downloaded: 2

The Neotropical species of Clistopyga (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Pimplinae). Part VI: the C. calixtoi species group, with the description of twenty-four new species

Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales y Recursos Naturales; Universidad de Alicante; Alicante; Spain
Instituto Colombiano Agropecuario (ICA); Calle 18; No 50-32; Soledad; Barranquilla; Colombia
Alexander Koenig Research Museum of Zoology; Adenauerallee 160; 53113; Bonn; Germany
Hymenoptera Darwin wasps Neotropic taxonomy parasitoid wasps new species key

Abstract

Throughout our review of the Neotropical species of the genus Clistopyga, six species groups have been established. In this article, we address the C. calixtoi species group, the most species-rich. This group consists of 35 species, of which 24 are described as new: C. andaki sp. nov., C. andina sp. nov., C. angustipleura sp. nov., C. arhuaca sp. nov., C. aurantia sp. nov., C. brevicaudata sp. nov., C. femorator sp. nov., C. horcoana sp. nov., C. inca sp. nov., C. inti sp. nov., C. isabellae sp. nov., C. kogabae sp. nov., C. laplatense sp. nov., C. lobulata sp. nov., C. meridae sp. nov., C. mochica sp. nov., C. muisca sp. nov., C. nasa sp. nov., C. nubiphila sp. nov., C. plaumanni sp. nov., C. quechua sp. nov., C. subtenella sp. nov., C. valida sp. nov., C. wounan sp. nov. Additionally, keys to the six Neotropical species groups and to all species in the C. calixtoi species group are provided. All species of the group are illustrated, and distribution maps are provided, as well as an appendix with the distribution of all species of the genus. The species C. calixtoi is recorded for the first time from Belize, C. carvajali from Colombia, C. plana from Brazil and C. stanfordi from Colombia and Venezuela. The genus Afroanomalia Varga 2018 is synonymized with Clistopyga: Afroanomalia Varga (syn. nov.), and consequently C. pseudoclistopyga (Varga) is considered a new combination (comb. nov.). The presence of apical sensilla on the flagellum of the species C. albovittata (C. diazi species group), C. carinata (C. henryi species group) and C. isayae (C. isayae species group), is illustrated for the first time.

 

References

  1. Blanchard, E.E. (1941) Nuevos parasitos del bicho de cesto Oeceticus kirbyi Guild. Revista de la Sociedad Entomológica Argentina, 11, 3–21.
  2. Bordera, S., González-Moreno, A., Khalaim, A.I. & Sääksjärvi, I.E. (2014) Revision of North American species of Clistopyga (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Pimplinae). The Canadian Entomologist, 146 (4), 355–414. https://doi.org/10.4039/tce.2013.74
  3. Bordera, S., Mazón, M. & Sääksjärvi, I.E. (2016a) The Neotropical species of Atractodes (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Cryptinae), I: the A. propodeator and A. altoandinus species-groups. Zootaxa, 4137 (1), 108–120. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4137.1.8
  4. Bordera, S., Mazón, M. & Sääksjärvi, I.E. (2016b) The Neotropical species of Atractodes (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Cryptinae), II: the A. pleuripunctatus species-group. Zootaxa, 4161 (3), 437–444. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4161.3.11
  5. Bordera, S. & Mazón, M. (2024) The Neotropical species of Atractodes Gravenhorst (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Phygadeuontinae), III: the A. podocarpus species-group. Insect Systematics & Evolution, 55, 105–225. https://doi.org/10.1163/1876312X-bja10054
  6. Bordera, S. & Palacio, E. (2019) The Neotropical species of Clistopyga (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Pimplinae). Part IV: the C. eldae species group, with the description of three new species. Zootaxa, 4564 (2), 327–346. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4564.2.2
  7. Bordera, S., Palacio, E. & Martínez, J.J. (2019) The Neotropical species of Clistopyga (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Pimplinae). Part V: the C. diazi species group, with the description of three new species. Zootaxa, 4661 (3), 545–565. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4661.3.8
  8. Bordera, S., Sääksjärvi, I.E., Castillo, C., Palacio, E. & González-Moreno, A. (2016) The Neotropical species of Clistopyga (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Pimplinae). Part I: the C. chaconi species group, with the description of eleven new species. European Journal of taxonomy, 206. [published online] https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2016.206
  9. Broad, G. (2016) Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Ichneumonidae. Biodiversity Data Journal, 4, e9042. https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e9042
  10. Broad, G.R. & Quicke, D.L.J. (2000) The adaptive significance of host location by vibrational sounding in parasitoid wasps. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, Series B, 267, 2403–2409. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2000.1298
  11. Costa Lima, A. (1962) Insetos do Brasil. Série Didática #14. 12th Tomo. 2nd Part. Escola Nacional de Agronomia, Rio de Janeiro, 393 pp.
  12. Cushman, R.A. (1922) North American Ichneumonflies of the genera Clistopyga and Schizopyga. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 60, 1–14. https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00963801.60-2399.1
  13. Dubois, J., Rollard, C., Villemant, C. & Gauld, I.D. (2002) The phylogenetic position of parasitoids of spiders within Pimplinae (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae). European Society of Arachnology, Conference Proceedings, 20, 27–35.
  14. Eady, R.D. (1968) Some illustrations of microsculpture in the Hymenoptera. Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London, Series A, 43, 66–72. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3032.1968.tb01029.x
  15. Eberhard, W.G. (2000) Spider manipulation by a wasp larva. Nature, 406, 255–256. https://doi.org/10.1038/35018636
  16. Eberhard, W.G. & Gonzaga, M.O. (2019) Evidence that Polysphincta-group wasps (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) use ecdysteroids to manipulate the web-construction behaviour of their spider hosts. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 20, 1–43. https://doi.org/10.1093/biolinnean/blz044
  17. Fernandes, D.R.R., Santos, B.F., Pádua, D.G. & Araujo, R.O. (2024) Refining the Taxonomic Catalog of the Brazilian Fauna: some species of Darwin wasps (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) erroneously reported for Brazil. Zoologia, 41, e23104. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1984-4689.v41.e23104
  18. Fischer, S., Samietz, J. & Dorn, S. (2004) Host Location of a Pupal Parasitoid in a Tritrophic System Compared to a Model Offering Mechanosensory Cues Only. Journal of Insect Behavior, 17 (2), 191–199. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:JOIR.0000028569.76708.40
  19. Fitton, M.G., Shaw, M.R. & Austin, A.D. (1987) The Hymenoptera associated with spiders in Europe. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 90, 65–93. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1987.tb01348.x
  20. Fitton, M.G., Shaw, M.R. & Gauld, I.D. (1988) Pimpline ichneumon-flies Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae (Pimplinae). Royal Entomological Society of London, London, 110 pp.
  21. Fritzén, N.R. & Sääksjärvi, I.E. (2016) Spider silk felting–functional morphology of the ovipositor tip of Clistopyga sp. (Ichneumonidae) reveals a novel use of the hymenopteran ovipositor. Biology Letters, 12, 20160350. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2016.0350
  22. Gauld, I.D. (1991) ichneumonidae of Costa Rica. Memoirs of the American Entomological institute, USA, 47, 1–589.
  23. Gauld, I.D. (1995) Ichneumonidae. In: Hanson, P.E. & Gauld, I.D. (Eds.), The Hymenoptera of Costa Rica. Oxford University Press, pp. 390–431.
  24. Gauld, I.D., Ugalde, J. & Hanson, P.E. (1998) Guía de los Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) de Costa Rica. Revista de Biologia tropical, 46, 1–189.
  25. Gauld, I.D., Menjívar, R., González, M.O. & Monro, A. (2002) Guía para la Identificación de los Pimplinae de cafetales bajo sombra de El Salvador (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae). The Natural History Museum, London, 76 pp.
  26. Gonzaga, M.O., Kloss, T.G. & Sobczak, J.F. (2017) Host behavioural manipulation of spiders by ichneumonid wasps. In: Viera, C. & Gonzaga, M.O. (Eds.), Behaviour and Ecology of Spiders. Springer, Cham, pp. 417–437. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-65717-2_16
  27. Graf, V. (1985) Ichneumofauna do sudeste e sul do Brasil. VI: Nova espécie de Clistopyga (Ephialtinae, Hymenoptera). Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 29 (2), 349–350.
  28. Gravenhorst, J.L.C. (1829) Ichneumonologia Europaea. Pars III. Published by the author, Wroclaw. [unknown pagination]
  29. Henaut, A. & Guerdoux, J. (1982) Location of a lure by the drumming insect Pimpla instigator (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae). Experientia, 38, 346–347. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01949383
  30. Higa, P., Victorino, B., Dias, M.M. & Penteado-Dias, A. (2024) New species and new records of Clistopyga (Ichneumonidae: Pimplinae) in Brazil. Zootaxa, 5523 (3), 354–362. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5523.3.3
  31. Janzen, D.H. (1981) The peak in North American ichneumonid species richness lies between 38º and 42º N. Ecology, 62, 532–537. https://doi.org/10.2307/1937717
  32. Kang, G.W., Lee, J.W. & Choi, J.K. (2022) New records of six species of the subfamily Pimplinae Wesmael (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) from Korea. Journal of Species Research, 11 (1), 71–77.
  33. Khalaim, A.I. & Hernández, S.A. (2008) Review of the genus Clistopyga Grav., 1829 of Mexico (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Pimplinae). Russian Entomological Journal, 17, 315–319.
  34. Klopfstein, S., Riedel, M. & Schwarz, M. (2019) Checklist of ichneumonid parasitoid wasps in Switzerland (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae): 470 species new for the country and an appraisal of the alpine diversity. Alpine Entomology, 3, 51–81. https://doi.org/10.3897/alpento.3.31613
  35. Manjusha, B.M., Sudheer, K. & Ghosh, S.M. (2019) A new species of Clistopyga Gravenhorst (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Pimplinae) from the Western Ghats. Records of the Zoological Survey of India, 119 (1), 60–63. https://doi.org/10.26515/rzsi/v119/i1/2019/139632
  36. Medianero, E. & Nieves-Aldrey, J.L. (2011) Primer estudio de las avispas de las agallas de la república de Panamá, incluyendo una lista actualizada de los cinípidos neotropicales (Hymenoptera, Cynipoidea, Cynipinae). Boletín de la Sociedad Entomológica Aragonesa, 48, 89–104.
  37. Nielsen, E. (1929) A second supplementary note upon the life histories of polysphinctas (Hym. Ichneum.). Entomologiske Meddelelser, 16, 366–368.
  38. Owen, D.F. & Owen, J. (1974) Species diversity in temperate and tropical Ichneumonidae. Nature, 249, 583–584. https://doi.org/10.1038/249583a0
  39. Padua, D.G. & Nunes, J.F. (2017) A checklist of Pimplinae (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) from the Estação Ecológica dos Caetetus in São Paulo state, with new records of Neotheronia Krieger, 1899 from Brazil. Check List, 13 (3), 2152. https://doi.org/10.15560/13.3.2152
  40. Palacio, E., Bordera, S., Sääksjärvi, I.E. & Díaz, F. (2018) The Neotropical species of Clistopyga (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Pimplinae). Part II: the C. isayae species group, with the description of seven new species. Zootaxa, 4442 (1), 101–121. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4442.1.5
  41. Palacio, E., Bordera, S. & Díaz, F. (2019) The Neotropical species of Clistopyga (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Pimplinae) Part III: the C. henryi species group, with the description of three new species. Zootaxa, 4563 (1), 103–118. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4563.1.5
  42. Porter, C.C. (1979) Ichneumonidae de Tarapacá. I. Subfamilia Ephialtinae (Hymenoptera). Idesia, 5, 157–187.
  43. Rathcke, B.J. & Price, P.W. (1976) Anomalous diversity of tropical ichneumonid parasitoids: a predation hypothesis. The American Naturalist, 110, 889–893. https://doi.org/10.1086/283111
  44. Riedel, M., Diller, E. & Japoshvili, G. (2018) The Ichneumonid fauna (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Lagodekhi Reserve, Sakartvelo (Georgia), with descriptions of four new species. Linzer Biologische Beiträge, 50 (2), 1447–1507.
  45. Santos, I.S., Pádua, D.G., Araujo, R.O. & Somavilla, A. (2023) Contribution to the knowledge of the Brazilian Ephialtini Darwin wasps (Ichneumonidae: Pimplinae). Revista de la Sociedad Entomológica Argentina, 82 (1), 64–67. https://doi.org/10.25085/rsea.820108
  46. Sääksjärvi, I.E., Castillo, C., Bordera, S., Broad, G.R., Rinne, V. & Fritzén, N.R. (2015) Clistopyga caramba sp. nov. (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae; Pimplinae), an astonishing example of mimicry in spider attacking parasitoid wasps. Zootaxa, 4013 (2), 287–292. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4013.2.9
  47. Sánchez-Salazar, V. (2011) Parasitoides asociados a cecidias inducidas por especies de Cynipidae en plantas del género Quercus (Fagaceae) en Panamá. Magister Thesis, University of Panama, Panama City, 107 pp.
  48. Santos, B.F. & Aguiar, A.P. (2013) Phylogeny and revision of Messatoporus Cushman (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Cryptinae), with description of sixty-five new species. Zootaxa, 3634 (1), 1–285. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3634.1.1
  49. Seyrig, A. (1935) Mission scientifique de l’Omo. Tome III. Fascicule 18. Hymenoptera, II. Ichneumonidae: Cryptinae, Pimplinae, Tryphoninae et Ophioninae. Mémoires du Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, 4, 1–100.
  50. Song, G-M., Choi, J-K. & Lee, J-W. (2018) Review of the Genera Clistopyga and Endromopoda (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Pimplinae) from South Korea. Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity, 34 (2), 69–78. https://doi.org/10.5635/ASED.2018.34.2.048
  51. Takasuka, K. & Broad, G.R. (2024) A bionomic overview of spider parasitoids and pseudo-parasitoids of the ichneumonid wasp subfamily Pimplinae. Contributions to Zoology, 93, 1–106. https://doi.org/10.1163/18759866-bja10053
  52. Townes, H. & Townes, M. (1960) Ichneumon-flies of American North of Mexico 2. Subfamily Ephialtinae, Xoridinae, Acaenitinae. United States National Museum Bulletin, 216, 1–676. https://doi.org/10.5479/si.03629236.216.1-2
  53. Townes, H. & Townes, M. (1966) Catalogue and reclassification of the neotropic Ichneumonidae. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute, 8, 1–367.
  54. Uchida, T. (1941) Beiträge zur Systematik der Tribus Polysphinctini Japans. Insecta Matsumurana, 15, 112–122.
  55. Varga, O. (2018a) A review of the Carpathian Ephialtini parasitoids (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Pimplinae) associated with spiders. Vestnik Zoologii, 52 (5), 367–378. https://doi.org/10.2478/vzoo-2018-0039
  56. Varga, O. (2018b) Afroanomalia pseudoclistopyga, a new genus and species of pimpline parasitoid wasp (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Pimplinae) from the Afrotropical region. Zootaxa, 4461 (1), 146–150. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4461.1.12
  57. Varga, O. (2021) New species of the genus Clistopyga (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Pimplinae) from the Afrotropical region. Zoodiversity, 55 (5), 421–424. https://doi.org/10.15407/zoo2021.05.421
  58. Varga, O. & Reshchikov, A. (2015) New records of the genus Clistopyga Gravenhorst, 1829 (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Pimplinae) from the Oriental region, with description of a new species. Zootaxa, 3964 (5), 561–568. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3964.5.6
  59. Veijalainen, A., Broad, G.R. & Sääksjärvi, I.E. (2014) Twenty seven new species of Orthocentrus (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae; Orthocentrinae) with a key to the Neotropical species of the genus. Zootaxa, 3768 (3), 201–252. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.3.1
  60. Victorino, B.I., Penteado-Dias, A.M. & Dias Filho, M.M. (2023) New species and new records of Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera) in Southeast Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Biology, 83, e266746. https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.266746
  61. Wäckers, F.L., Mitter, E. & Dorn, S. (1998) Vibrational Sounding by the Pupal Parasitoid Pimpla (Coccygomimus) turionellae: An Additional Solution to the Reliability–Detectability Problem. Biological Control, 11, 141–146. https://doi.org/10.1006/bcon.1997.0592
  62. Yu, D.S., van Achterberg, C. & Horstmann, K. (2016) World Ichneumonoidea 2015. Taxonomy, Biology, Morphology and Distribution. Taxapad Interactive Catalogue. Database on flash-drive, Nepean. [database on flash-drive]

How to Cite

Bordera, S., Palacio, E. & Herrera-Flórez, A.F. (2025) The Neotropical species of Clistopyga (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Pimplinae). Part VI: the C. calixtoi species group, with the description of twenty-four new species. Zootaxa, 5662 (1), 1–115. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5662.1.1