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Issue: Vol. 5817 No. 1: 26 May 2026
Type: Monograph
Published: 2026-05-26
DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5817.1.1
Page range: 1-72
Abstract views: 88
PDF downloaded: 1

A revision of the Palearctic species of the genus Crabro Fabricius, 1775 (Hymenoptera: Spheciformes: Crabronidae), with reclassification of the world subgenera

Institute of Biology and Biomedicine at Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod; Nizhny Novgorod 603950; Russia
Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity; Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences; Vladivostok-22; 690022; Russia
Hymenoptera digger wasps Crabroninae identification key taxonomy lectotype new records

Abstract

The genus Crabro Fabricius, 1775 includes 40 Palearctic species belonging to nine subgenera. Two subgenera are described as new: Deserticrabro and Prothyreopus, as well as four new species: Crabro (s. str.) flavidens, C. (s. str.) karakotovi, C. (s. str.) pulawskii and C. (Prothyreopus) ornatus. The females of Crabro caspicus (F. Morawitz, 1888) and C. femoralis F. Morawitz, 1892, and the males of C. pubens Marshakov, 1976 and C. marshakovi Kazenas, 1984 are described for the first time. Lectotypes are designated for Crabro uljanini Radoszkowski, 1877, C. filiformis Radoszkowski, 1877 and C. malyshevi L. Ahrens, 1933. The subgenus Parathyreopus Kohl, 1915 is restored from synonymy. Two new synonymies are proposed: Crabro filiformis Radoszkowski, 1877 = C. carabili Nesterov, 1994 and C. peltarius (Schreber, 1784) = C. interruptus Stephens, 1829. Crabro altaicus F. Morawitz, 1892 is recognized as a valid species and is provided with an additional diagnosis. Crabro bilbaoensis Leclercq, 1960 is raised to full species status. Identification keys to the world subgenera (based on males) and to both sexes of the Palearctic species are provided.

References

  1. Crabro Fabricius, 1775: 373. Junior homonym of Crabro Geoffroy de Saint Hilaire, 1762, which was suppressed by the International Commision on Zoological Nomenclature (1943: 91 Opinion 144 and 1994: 59 Opinion 1754). Type species: Vespa cribraria Linnaeus, 1758, designated by the International Commision on Zoological Nomenclature (1943: 91 Opinion 144).
  2. Carabro Say, 1823: 78. Lapsus for Crabro.
  3. Pemphilis Risso, 1826: 227. Nomen nudum.
  4. Thyreopus Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau & Brullé, 1835: 751. Type species: Sphex cribrarius (Linnaeus, 1767) [= Vespa cribraria Linnaeus, 1758], designated by Westwood (1839: 80). Objective synonym of Crabro Fabricius.
  5. Pemphilis Pate, 1944: 349. Type species: Vespa cribraria Linnaeus, 1758, by original designation. Objective synonym of Crabro Fabricius, 1775.
  6. Agnosicrabro Kohl, 1915: 138. Not available under First Edition of the Code (1961): used as a secondary, not primary division of a genus (Article 42d). Available under Third (1985) and Fourth Editions (1999): Articles 10(e) and 10.4, respectively. Type species: Crabro occultus Fabricius, 1804, by monotypy.
  7. Agnosicrabro Pate, 1944: 349 (as Agnosicrabro Kohl). Type species: Crabro occultus Fabricius, 1804. Objective synonym of Agnosicrabro Kohl, 1915.
  8. Crabro occultus group: Bohart & Menke 1976: 406 (part).
  9. Anothyreus Dahlbom, 1845: 526. Type species: Anothyreus lapponicus of Dahlbom, 1845 [= Crabro lapponicus Zetterstedt, 1838], designated by Ashmead 1899: 214.
  10. Crabro lapponicus group: Bohart & Menke 1976: 406.
  11. Crabro Fabricius, 1775: 373. Type species: Vespa cribraria Linnaeus, 1758, Type species: Vespa cribraria Linnaeus, 1758, designated by the International Commision on Zoological Nomenclature (1943: 91, Opinion 144).
  12. Thyreopus Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau & Brullé, 1835. Type species: Sphex cribrarius (Linnaeus, 1767) [= Vespa cribraria Linnaeus, 1758], designated by Westwood, 1839: 80. Objective synonym of Crabro Fabricius, 1775.
  13. Thyreocnemus A. Costa, 1867: 135; 1871: 64. Type species: Crabro pugillator A. Costa, 1871.
  14. Norumbega Pate, 1947: 12. Type species: Thyreopus argus Packard, 1867, junior secondary homonym of Crabro argus (Christ, 1791) [= Crabro argusinus Bohart, 1976]. Crabro argusinus Bohart, 1976 included to C. cribrarius species group (= subgenus Crabro) by Bohart 1976: 264.
  15. Crabro cribrarius group: Bohart & Menke 1976: 406; Bohart 1976: 263.
  16. Crabro latipes group: Bohart 1976: 263.
  17. Crabro conspicuus group: Bohart 1976: 259.
  18. Deserticrabro subgen. nov. Type species: Crabro pubens Marshakov, 1976, designated here, monotypic.
  19. Synothyreopus (part): Marshakov 1976: 940; 1977: 870.
  20. Dyscolocrabro Kohl, 1915: 138. Not available under First Edition of the Code (1961): used as a secondary, not primary division of a genus (Article 42d). Available under Third (1985) and Fourth Editions (1999): Articles 10(e) and 10.4, respectively. Type species: Crabro chalybeus Kohl, 1915 by monotypy.
  21. Dyscolocrabro Pate, 1944: 349 (as Dyscolocrabro Kohl). Type species: Crabro chalybeus Kohl, 1915. Objective synonym of Dyscolocrabro Kohl, 1915.
  22. Crabro chalybeus group: Bohart & Menke 1976: 406.
  23. Hemithyreopus Kohl, 1915: 138. Not available under First Edition of the Code (1961): used as a secondary, not primary division of a genus (Article 42d). Available under Third (1985) and Fourth Editions (1999): Articles 10(e) and 10.4, respectively. Type species: Crabro loewi Dahlbom, 1845, by original designation.
  24. Hemithyreopus Pate, 1944: 349 (as Hemithyreopus Kohl, 1915). Type species: Crabro loewi Dahlbom, 1845, by original designation. Objective synonym of Hemithyreopus Kohl, 1915.
  25. Crabro loewi group: Bohart & Menke 1976: 406.
  26. Othyreus Marshakov, 1977: 858. Type species: Crabro tricolor Gussakovskij, 1938 [=Crabro mongolicus Tsuneki, 1959], by original designation.
  27. Crabro occultus group: Bohart & Menke 1976: 406 (part).
  28. Crabro filiformis group: Bohart & Menke 1976: 406 (part).
  29. Paranothyreus Kohl, 1897: 490. Type species: Crabro hilaris F. Smith, 1856, designated by Ashmead, 1899: 213.
  30. Paranothyreus Ashmead, 1899: 213. Type species: Crabro hilaris F. Smith, 1856. Objective synonym of Paranothyreus Kohl, 1897.
  31. Paranothyreus Pate, 1944: 349 (as Paranothyreus Kohl). Type species: Crabro hilaris F. Smith, 1856. Objective synonym of Paranothyreus Kohl, 1897.
  32. Crabro hilaris group: Bohart & Menke 1976: 406; Bohart 1976: 242; R. Miller 1976: 241.
  33. Parathyreopus Kohl, 1915: 138. Not available under First Edition of the Code (1961): used as a secondary, not primary division of a genus (Article 42d). Available under Third (1985) and Fourth Editions (1999): Articles 10(e) and 10.4, respectively. Type species: Crabro filiformis Radoszkowski, 1877, by monotypy. Synonymized with Synothyreopus Ashmead, 1899 by Marshakov, 1977: 856
  34. Parathyreopus Pate, 1944: 349. Type species: Crabro filiformis Radoszkowski, 1877, by original designation and monotypy.
  35. Synothyreopus: Marshakov 1977: 858 (part).
  36. Crabro filiformis group: Bohart & Menke 1976: 406 (part).
  37. Prothyreopus subgen. nov. Type species: Crabro ingricus (F. Morawitz, 1888), designated here.
  38. Crabro advena group: Bohart & Menke 1976: 407; Bohart 1976: 252.
  39. Crabro thyreophorus group: Bohart & Menke 1976: 407; Bohart 1976: 250; Finnamore 1988: 862.
  40. Synothyreopus Ashmead, 1899: 213. Type species: Crabro tumidus (Packard, 1867), by original designation.
  41. Crabro tumidus group: Bohart & Menke 1976: 406; Bohart 1976: 245.
  42. Crabro occultus Fabricius, 1804: 310, sex not stated. Holotype: ♀, Morocco: Tanger [Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark].
  43. Crabro numidicus Gribodo, 1896: 15, ♀, ♂. Lectotype: ♂, Tunisia: Tunis area [Natural History Museum Giacomo Doria, Genoa, Italy], designated by de Beaumont, 1950: 265. Synonymized with Crabro occultus by Kohl 1915: 190, synonymy confirmed by de Beaumont 1950: 265.
  44. Crabro lapponicus Zetterstedt, 1838: 433, ♀. Syntypes: ♀♀, Norway: Lappland: Bossekop, Altdeidet, and Talvig [Lund University, Lund, Sweden].
  45. Crabro biguttatus F. Morawitz, 1892: 163, ♀. Lectotype: ♀, Russia: Siberia: Krasnoyarskiy Kray: Minussinsk [ZISP], designated by Marshakov 1977: 871, examined. Synonymized with Crabro lapponicus by Marshakov 1977: 859.
  46. Crabro maeklini A. Morawitz, 1866a: 262, ♂. Syntypes: ♂♂, Russia: Siberia: Okhotsk [ZISP, lost?].
  47. Crabro canningsi Finnamore, 1988: 859, ♀, ♂. Holotype: ♂, Canada: Yukon Territory: Fish Creek, 69°27’N 140°19’W [Spencer Entomol. Mus., Univ. British Columbia]. Synonymized with Crabro maeklini by Buck & Bennett 2025: 286.
  48. Crabro alashanicus Marshakov, 1976: 941, ♀, ♂. Holotype: ♂, China: Gobi: Alashan Mountains: Hotyn-gol [ZISP], examined.
  49. Thyreopus interruptus Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau & Brullé, 1835: 755, ♂, junior secondary homonym of Crabro interruptus Fabricius, 1787 (now in Palarus). Holotype or syntypes: ♂/♂♂, France: Dauphiné (currently the departments of Isère, Drome and Hautes-Alpes): no specific locality [lost].
  50. Crabro alpinus Imhoff, 1863: 90, ♀, ♂. Syntypes: ♀♀, ♂♂, Switzerland: Engadin: Samaden; Wallis: Saasthal [Muséum d’Histoire Naturelle de Bâle, Bâle (= Basel), Switzerland].
  51. Thyreopus lactarius Chevrier, 1867: 229, ♂. Holotype: ♂, Switzerland: Mont Blanc massif: between Naut-bourant and Col du Bonhomme [Musée d’Histoire Naturelle, Genève, Switzerland]. Synonymized with Crabro alpinus by Kohl 1881: 56.
  52. Crabro interruptulus Dalla Torre, 1897: 606. Substitute name for Crabro interruptus Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau & Brullé, 1835.
  53. Crabro altaicus F. Morawitz, 1892: 166, ♀, ♂. Lectotype: ♂, Kazakhstan: Semipalatinsk territory, currently Semey: Mai-Kipchagay [ZISP], designated by Marshakov 1977: 858, examined. Synonymized with Crabro uljanini Radoszkowski, 1877 by F. Morawitz 1893a: 426 and Kohl 1915: 160.
  54. Crabro uljanini: F. Morawitz 1893a: 426; Kohl 1915: 160; Kazenas 1972: 168; 2002: 105; Tsuneki 1972: 148; Marshakov 1975: 332; Antropov et al. 2024: 357.
  55. Crabro alticola F. Morawitz, 1893b: 431, ♀, junior primary homonym of Crabro alticola Cameron, 1891. Lectotype: ♀, Afghanistan, Pamir [ZISP], designated by Marshakov 1977: 858, examined.
  56. Crabro altigena Dalla Torre, 1897: 582. Substitute name for Crabro alticola F. Morawitz.
  57. Crabro gulmargensis Nurse, 1903: 529, ♀, ♂. Lectotype: ♂, India, Kashmir, Gulmarg [The Natural History Museum, formerly British Museum (Natural History), London, Great Britain], designated by Marshakov 1977: 859. Synonymized with Crabro altigena by Marshakov 1977: 859.
  58. Crabro peltarius bilbaoensis Leclercq, 1960: 418, ♀, ♂. Holotype: ♂, Spain: Bilbao [The Spanish Institute of Entomology, Madrid, Spain].
  59. Vespa cribraria Linnaeus, 1758: 573, sex not stated. Holotype: ♀, Europe: no specific locality [The Linnean Society of London, London, Great Britain].
  60. Sphex patellarius Schreber, 1784: 95, ♀, ♂. Syntypes: ♀♀, ♂♂, Germany: no specific locality [depository unknown]. Synonymized with Crabro cribrarius by Kohl 1915: 153.
  61. Crabro palmatus Panzer, 1797, Heft 46: 3, ♂. Holotype or syntypes: ♂/♂♂, Germany: no specific locality [depository unknown]. Synonymized with Crabro cribrarius by F. Smith 1855: 99 and Kohl 1915: 153.
  62. Crabro scutellatus: Nemkov et al. 1995: 444 (part); Nemkov 1992: 247; 2005: 154; 2008: 22 (part); 2009: 114 (part); 2012: 440 (part); Antropov 2017: 226 (part).
  63. Crabro funestus Kohl, 1915: 163, ♀, ♂. Lectotype: ♂, China: Tibet: Lake Rkhombo-mtso and Y-Chu riv., in headwaters of Blue River (Qinghai, Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Yulshul (Yushu) Lake, 33.220°N 96.495°E) [ZISP], designated by Marshakov 1977: 858, examined.
  64. Crabro mocsaryi: Marshakov 1977: 859 (part), 862, fig. 71, 670 (part).
  65. Thyreopus korbi Kohl, 1883: 177, ♀, ♂. Syntypes: ♀♀, ♂♂, Spain: Chiclana, Gibraltar [Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien, Austria].
  66. Crabro mocsaryi Kohl, 1915: 166, ♂. Syntypes: ♂♂, Tajikistan: Alai mount. and Sary-pul, now Garm [≈39.011°N 70.3508°E] [Természettudományi Múzeum, Budapest, Hungary].
  67. Sphex peltarius Schreber, 1784: 98, ♀, ♂. Syntypes: ♀♀, ♂♂, Germany: Neuwarp, now Poland: Nowe Warpno [depository unknown].
  68. Crabro patellatus Panzer, 1797, Heft 46: 4, ♂. Holotype or syntypes: ♂♂, Germany: no specific locality [depository unknown]. Synonymized with Crabro peltarius by Kohl 1888: 576.
  69. Crabro dentipes Panzer, 1797, Heft 46: 9, ♀. Holotype or syntypes: ♀♀, Germany: no specific locality [depository unknown]. Synonymized with Crabro peltarius by Kohl 1888: 576.
  70. Crabro mediatus Fabricius, 1798: 270, sex not stated. Lectotype: ♀, Europe: no specific locality [Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark], designated by van der Vecht 1961: 69. Synonymized with Crabro peltarius by van der Vecht 1961: 69.
  71. Crabro interruptus Stephens, 1829: 365, by indication (Article 12.2.1: reference to Panzer 1794, Heft 15: 20, 21), junior primary homonym of Crabro interruptus Fabricius, 1787 (now in Palarus). Substitute name for Crabro clypeatus of Panzer, 1794. Synonymized with Crabro cribrarius by F. Smith 1855: 99 (♀ only), not confirmed. Syn. nov.
  72. Crabro clypeatus: Panzer 1794, Heft 15: 20, ♂ and Heft 15: 21, ♀. Corrected to Crabro peltarius (Schreber) by Peets 1909-1911: 66.
  73. Crabro peltatus Fabricius, 1793: 297, sex not stated. Lectotype: ♂, Europe: no specific locality [Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark], designated by van der Vecht 1961: 69.
  74. Blepharipus Lepeletier & Brullé, 1835: 736, ♀. Holotype: ♀, France: Paris area [M. Spinola collection, Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali, Turin, Italy]. Synonymized with Crabro peltatus by Leclercq 1974: 261.
  75. Crabro luteipes F. Smith, 1856: 410. Substitute name for Crabro flavipes (Lepeletier & Brullé 1835: 736) F. Smith, 1856, nec Vespa (Crabro) flavipes Gmelin, 1790.
  76. Crabro rhaeticus Kriechbaumer & von Aichinger in von Aichinger 1870: 328, ♀, ♂. Syntypes: ♀♀, ♂♂, Austria: Tirol: no specific locality [depository unknown]. Synonymized with Crabro peltatus by van der Vecht 1961: 69.
  77. Crabro pugillator A. Costa, 1867: 135, ♂. Holotype: ♂, Italy: Campania: Monte Matese near Napoli [Zoological Museum of Naples, Naples, Italy].
  78. Crabro uljanini: Marshakov 1977: 858, 861, 862 fig. 70, 863 fig. 91.
  79. Sphex scutellatus von Scheven, 1781: 82, ♂. Syntypes: ♂♂, origin not given but probably Courland, now Latvia [depository unknown].
  80. Sphex scutularius Schreber, 1784: 99, ♂. Holotype or syntypes: ♂♂, Germany: Neuwarp, now Poland: Nowe Warpno [depository unknown]. Synonymized with Crabro scutellatus by Kohl 1888: 580.
  81. Crabro pterotus Panzer, 1801, Heft 83: 16 (♂) and 17 (♀). Syntypes: ♀♀, ♂♂, Germany: no specific locality [depository unknown]. Synonymized with Crabro scutellatus by Thomson 1870: 170 and with Crabro peltarius by Kohl 1888: 576.
  82. Crabro geniculatus Stephens, 1829: 365, nomen nudum. Synonymized with Crabro scutellatus by F. Smith 1855: 99.
  83. Crabro phaeopterus Stephens, 1829: 366, nomen nudum. Synonymized with Crabro scutellatus by F. Smith 1855: 100.
  84. Crabro sibiricus A. Morawitz, 1866a: 261, ♀, ♂. Syntypes: ♀♀, ♂♂, Russia: Siberia: Kiakhta [ZISP, not found].
  85. Crabro sibiricus A. Morawitz, 1866b: 336. Objective synonym of Crabro sibiricus A. Morawitz, 1866: 262.
  86. Crabro signaticrus F. Morawitz, 1893b: 425, ♀, ♂. Lectotype: ♂, Tajikistan: Simarkh in Yagnob River valley [ZISP], designated by Marshakov 1977: 858 (erroneously published as sibiricus), examined.
  87. Crabro tuberculiger Kohl, 1915: 161, ♂. Holotype: ♂, Tajikistan: Mount Alai [Természettudományi Múzeum, Budapest, Hungary].
  88. Crabro (Thyreopus) uljanini Radoszkowski, 1877: 79, ♂. Lectotype, designated here, ♂, “22. [blue label, printed] // Ягнобъ [cyrillic, printed] // golden rounded label // Uljanini / ♂ [handwritten by O. Radoszkowski] // Thyreopus / Uljanini [handwritten by O. Radoszkowski]” [Tajikistan, Yagnob valley, ≈39.21°N 69.01°E, 22.VII 1870] [ZMMU], examined.
  89. Crabro altaicus: Marshakov 1977: 861 (part), 862, fig. 54, 863, fig. 90, 868 (part); Dollfuss 2004: 762 (probably, material from Tajikistan only).
  90. Crabro ussuriensis Gussakovskij, 1932: 18, ♀. Holotype: ♀, Russia: Primorskiy Kray: Sutshan [Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet, Stockholm, Sweden].
  91. Crabro koreanus Tsuneki, 1947: 287, ♀. Holotype: ♀, South Korea: Shoyo-zan ca 16 km south of Demilitarized Zone [originally K. Tsuneki coll., now Hyogo Museum]. Synonymized with Crabro ussuriensis by Marshakov 1977: 859.
  92. Crabro ingricus: Nemkov 2010: 16; 2011: 94 (Primorsky Territory): 2012: 440 (Primorsky Territory).
  93. Crabro werestschagini Gussakovskij, 1932: 19, ♀, ♂. Lectotype: ♂, Russia: Amurskaya Province: Blagoveshchensk [ZISP], designated by Marshakov 1977: 859, examined.
  94. Crabro okabei Yasumatsu, 1944: 752, ♀. Holotype or syntypes: ♀/♀♀, China: Beijing [depository unknown]. Synonymized with Crabro werestchagini by Marshakov 1977: 859.
  95. Crabro pubens Marshakov, 1976: 940, ♀. Holotype: ♀, Turkmenistan: Orta-Kuyu [ZISP], examined.
  96. Crabro chalybeus Kohl, 1915: 192, ♂. Holotype: ♂, Japan: no specific locality [Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien, Austria].
  97. Blepharipus caspicus F. Morawitz, 1888: 292, ♂. Lectotype: ♂, Transcaspia: Tschikishlar [37.57°N 53.90°E] [ZISP], designated by Marshakov 1977: 859, examined.
  98. Crabro femoralis F. Morawitz, 1892: 161, ♂. Lectotype: ♂, Russia: Krasnoyarskiy Kray: Minussinsk [ZISP], designated by Marshakov 1977: 859, examined.
  99. Crabro loewi: Nemkov 1990: 84 (Zabaikalskiy Territory); 2008: 23 (Altai, Irkutsk Province, Zabaikalskiy Territory); 2009: 115 (part); Nemkov et al. 1995: 443 (part); Hua 2006: 278 (Hebei only) (probably for geographical reason); Baghirov 2011: 144 (Altai); Antropov 2017: 226 (part).
  100. Crabro loewi Dahlbom, 1845: 368, ♂. Syntypes: ♂♂, Germany: Posen, now Poland: Poznań [Lund University, Lund, Sweden].
  101. Crabro jaroszewskyi F. Morawitz, 1892: 164, ♀. Lectotype: ♀, Ukraine: Kharkov area: Kuriazh monastery [ZISP], designated by Marshakov 1977: 859, examined. Synonymized with Crabro loewi by Kohl 1913: 16.
  102. Crabro malyshevi L. Ahrens, 1933: 30, ♀, ♂. Lectotype, designated here, ♂, “сл. Борисовка / Курск. губ. / Л. Аренс 5.VII.28 [handwritten by L. Ahrens] // Lectotypus Crabro / malyshevi Ahrens / design. Mokrousov // Zoological Institute / St. Petersburg / INS_HYM_0002775” [Belgorod Province, Borisovka village, ≈50.617°N 36.014°E, 5.VII.1928] [ZISP] (Figs 292–294), examined.
  103. Crabro comberi Leclercq, 1950: 6, ♀. Holotype: ♀, Pakistan: Karachi [The Natural History Museum, London, Great Britain].
  104. Crabro fratellus Kohl, 1915: 151, ♀. Holotype: ♀, China: Tshheli, now Hebay [Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien, Austria].
  105. Crabro tricolor Gussakovskij, 1938: 14, ♀, junior primary homonym of Crabro tricolor F. Smith, 1856. Lectotype: ♀, China: Inner Mongolia: no specific locality [ZISP], designated by Marshakov 1975: 333, examined.
  106. Crabro mongolicus Tsuneki, 1959: 195, ♀. Holotype: ♀, China: Inner Mongolia: Apaka [originally K. Tsuneki coll., now United States National Museum, Washington, USA]. Synonymized with Crabro tricolor Gussakovskij by Marshakov 1977: 858.
  107. Crabro gussakovskiji Bohart in Bohart & Menke 1976: 408. Substitute name for Crabro tricolor Gussakovskij, 1938. Synonymized with Crabro mongolicus by Marshakov 1980: 331.
  108. Crabro nomgoni Marshakov, 1980: 333, ♀, ♂. Holotype: ♂, Mongolia: Ömnögovi Aymag: 80 km south-southeast of Nomgon [ZISP], examined.
  109. Crabro filiformis Radoszkowski, 1877: 79, ♀, ♂. Lectotype, designated here, ♀, “27. [green label, printed] // Чардара [cyrillic, printed] // Crabro ♀ / filiformis Rad. / V. Gussakovskij [handwritten by V. Gussakovskij]” [Kazakhstan: Turkestan Province, Chardara, ≈41.272°N 67.912°E, 27.IV.1870] [ZMMU] (Fig. 290), examined.
  110. Crabro carabili Nesterov, 1994: 75, ♂. Holotype: ♂, Turkmenistan: Karabil Plateau 180 km east-southeast of Takhta-Bazar [Zoological Institute, Ukrainian Academy of Sciences, Kiev, Ukraine], not examined. Syn. nov.
  111. Crabro jordanicus Guichard, 1991: 340, ♀, ♂. Holotype: ♂, Jordan: 80 km north of Aqaba [Biodiversitäts­zentrum Oberösterreich, Linz, Austria].
  112. Crabro marshakovi Kazenas, 1984: 1272, ♀. Holotype: ♀, eastern Kazakhstan: 25 km north of Rybachye in Alakul Depression [ZISP], examined.
  113. Thyreopus ingricus F. Morawitz, 1888: 294, ♀, ♂. Lectotype: ♂, Russia: Sankt-Petersburg Oblast’: Kolomäggi [ZISP], designated by Marshakov 1977: 859, examined.
  114. Crabro ingricus: Nemkov 1990: 84 (Kamchatka Territory); 2008: 22 (Kamchatka Territory); 2009: 113 (part); 2010: 16 (part); 2011: 94 (part); 2012: 440 (part).
  115. Ahrens, L.E. (1933) Crabro (Thyreopus) malyshevi n. sp. Konowia, 12, 30–32.
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How to Cite

Mokrousov, M.V. & Proshchalykin, M.Y. (2026) A revision of the Palearctic species of the genus Crabro Fabricius, 1775 (Hymenoptera: Spheciformes: Crabronidae), with reclassification of the world subgenera. Zootaxa, 5817 (1), 1–72. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5817.1.1