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Issue: Vol. 5819 No. 1: 27 May 2026
Type: Monograph
Published: 2026-05-27
DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5819.1.1
Page range: 1-66
Abstract views: 20
PDF downloaded: 0

Phylogenetic analysis and revision of the genus Orchestoidea Nicolet, 1849 (Amphipoda: Senticaudata: Talitridae), with description of a new species

Área Zoología de Invertebrados; Museo Nacional de Historia Natural de Chile; Casilla 787; Correo Central; Santiago; Chile; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal; Instituto de Biociências; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Porto Alegre; Rio Grande do Sul; Brazil; Departamento de Zoologia (Laboratório de Carcinologia); Instituto de Biociências; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Porto Alegre; Rio Grande do Sul; Brazil
Centro de Investigación en Recursos Naturales y Sustentabilidad (CIRENYS); Universidad Bernardo O’Higgins; Av. Viel 1497; Santiago; Chile; Programa de Doctorado en Sostenibilidad Agropecuaria y Veterinaria; Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Agronomía; Universidad de Las Américas; Manuel Montt 948; Providencia; Santiago; Chile
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal; Instituto de Biociências; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Porto Alegre; Rio Grande do Sul; Brazil; Departamento de Zoologia (Laboratório de Carcinologia); Instituto de Biociências; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Porto Alegre; Rio Grande do Sul; Brazil
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal; Instituto de Biociências; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Porto Alegre; Rio Grande do Sul; Brazil; Laboratório de Biologia Integrativa de Crustáceos (LABIC); Departamento de Biologia; Faculdade de Filosofia; Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto (FFCLRP); Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Ribeirão Preto; São Paulo; Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia Comparada; Departamento de Biologia; Faculdade de Filosofia; Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto (FFCLRP); Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Ribeirão Preto; São Paulo; Brazil
Crustacea Talitrids Chile taxonomy Orchestoidea Megalorchestia

Abstract

A taxonomic analysis of Orchestoidea Nicolet, 1849, a genus of sandhopper endemic to the Pacific coast of South America, is presented. Phylogenetic analyses were carried out based on molecular information from mitochondrial gene COI and on morphological information obtained from an extensive collection of specimens representing almost the entire known distribution of this taxon. The phylogenetic hypotheses presented confirm that Orchestoidea is a monophyletic genus endemic to Chile, composed of two species-level taxa. The analyses further indicate that Orchestoidea is closely related to other southern sandhopper genera, particularly Bellorchestia and Capeorchestia, forming part of a broader lineage of austral talitrids distributed along temperate coasts of the Southern Hemisphere. Cladistic analysis, based on 117 morphological characters and 38 terminals, suggests that each of these taxa is supported by several synapomorphies, and that together they are part of a larger monophyletic grouping composed of many of the sandhopper genera. Furthermore, this larger group is subdivided into two subclades, distributed in the northern and southern hemispheres, with the former containing the genus Megalorchestia and Peruvian specimens previously determined as Orchestoidea tuberculata, and the latter with Orchestoidea sensu stricto and other austral genera. The evidence gathered indicates that the type species, Orchestoidea tuberculata Nicolet, 1849, constitutes a single geographically structured taxon, which is corroborated by the application of two DNA-based species delimitation methods. However, the existence of a second undescribed species is also demonstrated with morphological evidence, here named Orchestoidea insularis sp. nov., which cohabits with O. tuberculata on islands at the southern end of the genus’ distribution. The possibility of at least two additional undescribed species is discussed, but they are not formally recognized here due to the insufficiency of available material. Furthermore, it is determined that the specimens of Orchestoidea tuberculata cited for the Peruvian coast are assigned to Megalorchestia californiana Brandt, 1851. Based on the results of the cladistic analysis, the diagnosis of Megalorchestia is updated to include additional morphological characters previously overlooked.

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How to Cite

Pérez-Schultheiss, J., Fernández, L.D., Araujo, P.B. & Ribeiro, F.B. (2026) Phylogenetic analysis and revision of the genus Orchestoidea Nicolet, 1849 (Amphipoda: Senticaudata: Talitridae), with description of a new species. Zootaxa, 5819 (1), 1–66. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5819.1.1