Abstract
The establishment of European Miridae in North America is a frequent occurrence. Wheeler and Henry (1992) listed 55 European mirids adventive to North America in their synthesis of Holarctic Miridae. The most likely pathway for these introductions is with the importation of nursery stock from Europe. Establishment of Nearctic species in Europe, on the contrary, is very rare and thus far limited to only one species, Tupiocoris rhododendri (Dolling), described from England and also established in The Netherlands, Belgium, and Germany (Aukema et al., 2007; Rabitsch, 2008). In this paper, Tropidosteptes pacificus (Van Duzee) is reported from The Netherlands, and represents a second case.
References
Aukema, B., Bruers, J. M. & Viskens, G. M. (2007) Nieuwe en zeldzame Belgische wantsen II (Hemiptera: Heteroptera). Bulletin de la Société Royale Belge d'Entomologie, 143, 83–91.
Downes, W. (1927) A preliminary list of the Heteroptera and Homoptera of British Columbia. Proceedings of the Entomology Society of British Columbia, 23, 1–22.
Dreistadt, S. H. (1994) Pests of landscape trees and shrubs: an integrated pest management guide. University of California, Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources Publication, 3359, i–iv, 1–327.
Henry, T. J. & Wheeler, Jr., A. G. (1988) Family Miridae Hahn. In: Henry, T. J. & Froeschner, R. C. (Eds), Catalog of the Heteroptera, or true bugs of Canada and the continental United States. E. J. Brill, Leiden, pp. 251–507.
Maw, H. E. L., Foottit, R. G., Hamilton, K. G. A. & Scudder, G. G. E. (2000) Checklist of the Hemiptera of Canada and Alaska. NRC Research Press, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, 220 pp.
Parshley, H.M. (1921) A report on some Hemiptera from British Columbia. Proceedings of the Entomology Society of British Columbia, 18, 13–24.
Rabitsch, W. (2008) Alien True Bugs of Europe (Insecta: Hemiptera: Heteroptera). Zootaxa, 1827, 1–44.
Schwartz, M. D. & Scudder, G. G. E. (2000) Miridae (Heteroptera) new to Canada, with some taxonomic changes. Journal of the New York Entomological Society, 108, 248–267.
Schuh, R.T. (1995) Plant bugs of the world (Insecta: Heteroptera: Miridae): Systematic catalog, distributions, host list, and bibliography. Entomological Society, New York, xii, 1329 pp.
Slater, J. A. (1950) An investigation of the female genitalia as taxonomic characters in the Miridae (Hemiptera). Iowa State College Journal of Science, 25, 1–81.
Southwood, T. R. E. & Leston, D. (1959) Land and water bugs of the British Isles. Warne, London, xi, 436 pp.
Stichel, W. (1958) Illustrierte Bestimmungstabellen der Wanzen. II. Europa. (Hemiptera‑Heteroptera Europae) 2. Stichel, Berlin‑Hermsdorf, pp. 705–907.
Usinger, R. L. (1945) Biology and control of ash plant bugs in California. Journal of Economic Entomology, 38, 585–591.
Van Duzee, E. P. (1921) Characters of some new species of North American hemipterous insects, with one new genus. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences (4), 11, 111–134.
Wagner, E. (1974) Die Miridae Hahn, 1831, des Mittelmeerraumes und der Makaronesischen Inseln (Hemiptera, Heteroptera), Teil 1. Entomologische Abhandlungen herausgegeben vom Staatlichen Museum für Tierkunde Dresden, 37, Suppl. (1970‑1971), i–ii, 1–484.
Wheeler, A. G. Jr. & Henry, T. J. (1974) Tropidosteptes pacificus, a western ash plant bug introduced into Pennsylvania with nursery stock (Hemiptera: Miridae). United States Department of Agriculture Cooperative Economic Insect Report, 24, 588–589.
Wheeler, A. G. Jr. & Henry, T. J. (1992) A synthesis of the Holarctic Miridae (Heteroptera): distribution, biology, and origin, with emphasis on North America. Entomological Society of America, Lanham, Maryland, v, 282 pp. (Thomas Say Foundation Monographs XV).
Wheeler , A. G. Jr. (2000) Plant bugs (Miridae) as plant pest. In: Schaefer, C.W. & Panizzi, A. R. (Eds), Heteroptera of economic importance. CRC Press, Boca Raton etc., pp. 37–83.
Wheeler, A. G. Jr. (2001) Biology of the plant bugs (Hemiptera: Miridae). Pests, Predators, Opportunists. Cornell University Press, Ithaca and London, xv, 507 pp.