Abstract
The species of Milichiella Giglio-Tos are revised and assigned to species groups revealed by a phylogenetic analysis. 69 new species are described: Milichiella abditoargentea, M. acantha, M. aeroplana, M. aldabrae, M. angolae, M. anterogrisea, M. argenteidorsa, M. argentinae, M. asiatica, M. badia, M. bella, M. bermaguiensis, M. boliviana, M. booloombae, M. breviarista, M. brevirostris, M. bruneiensis, M. cavernae, M. chilensis, M. chocolata, M. christmas, M. cochiseae, M. conventa, M. cooloolae, M. dominicae, M. faviformis, M. flavilunulae, M. flaviventris, M. formosae, M. fusciventris, M. griseomacula, M. inbio, M. jamaicensis, M. laselvae, M. lasuizae, M. longirostris, M. maculatiradii, M. madagascarensis, M. mathisi, M. metallica, M. mexicana, M. mojingae, M. mollis, M. multisetae, M. novateutoniae, M. opuntiae, M. pachycerei, M. peyotei, M. plaumanni, M. proclinata, M. pseudopuntiae, M. punctata, M. quintargentea, M. rufa, M. rugosistyla, M. rutila, M. santacatalinae, M. sculpta, M. sterkstrooma, M. striata, M. triangula, M. trisetae, M. turrialbae, M. ugandae, M. variata, M. villarricae, M. virginae, M. weejasperensis and M. zaiziksensis. Milichia aethiops Malloch is combined with Milichiella, the genus Ulia Becker is synonymized with Milichiella, five species within Milichiella are synonymized and 19 lectotypes are designated.References
Aldrich, J.M. (1905) A catalogue of North American Diptera. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections 46(2), 680 pp.
Aldrich, J.M. (1931) New acalyptrate Diptera from the Pacific and Oriental Regions. Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society, 7, 395–399.
Aldrich, J.R. (1995) Chemical communication in the true bugs and parasitoid exploitation. In: Cardé, R.T. & Bell, W.J. (Eds.) Chemical Ecology of Insects 2. Chapman & Hall, New York, pp. 318–363.
Aldrich, J.R. & Barros, T.M. (1995) Chemical attraction of male crab spiders (Araneae, Thomisidae) and kleptoparasitic flies (Diptera, Milichiidae and Chloropidae). Journal of Arachnology, 23, 212–214.
Anonymous. (2009) MCZ Type Database @ Harvard Entomology. The President and Fellows of Harvard College. Available from http://insects.oeb.harvard.edu/MCZ/index.htm (accessed 11.02.2009)
Arnaud, P.H. (1966) The scientific publications of Axel Leonard Melander (1878–1962), with a list of names proposed. Bulletin of the Entomological Society of America, 12, 137–150.
Beatty, H.A. (1944) The insects of St. Croix, V. I. Journal of Agriculture of the University of Puerto Rico, 28, 144–155.
Beavers, J.B., McGovern, T.P., Beroza, M. & Sutton. (1972) Synthetic attractants for some dipteran species. Journal of Economic Entomology, 65, 1740–1741.
Becker, T. (1905) Cyclorrhapha Schizophora: Holometopa. In: Becker, T., Bezzi, M., Kertész, K. & Stein, P. (Eds.) Katalog der paläarktischen Dipteren 4, Budapest, pp. 1–273.
Becker, T. (1907) Die Dipteren-Gruppe Milichinae. Annales historico-naturales Musei nationalis hungarici, 5, 507–550.
Becker, T. (1908a) Dipteren der Kanarischen Inseln. Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum in Berlin, 4, 1–180.
Becker, T. (1908b) Dipteren der Insel Madeira. Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum in Berlin, 4, 181–206.
Bezzi, M. (1908) Ditteri Eritrei raccolti dal Dott. Andreini e dal Prof. Tellini. Parte Seconda (1). Bollettino della Società entomologica italiana, 39(1907), 3–199.
Bianchi, F.A. (1967) Milichiella circularis Aldrich. Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society, 19, 323.
Bohart, G.E. & Gressitt, J.L. (1951) Filth-inhabiting flies of Guam. Bulletin of the Bernice P. Bishop Museum, 204, 1–152.
Brake, I. (2000) Phylogenetic systematics of the Milichiidae (Diptera, Schizophora). Entomologica scandinavica, Supplements, 57, 1–120.
Brake, I. (2006) Diverse Milichiella Giglio-Tos (Diptera: Milichiidae) in Miocene Dominican amber. Insect systematics & evolution, 37, 17–26.
Brake, I. (2009) The type material of Milichiidae and Carnidae (Insecta: Diptera: Schizophora) in the Naturhistorisches Museum Wien. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien, B, 110, 67–76.
Brimley, C.S. (1938) The insects of North Carolina. Being a list of the insects of North Carolina and their close relatives. North Carolina Department of Agriculture, Division of Entomology, Raleigh, N.C., 560 pp.
Brimley, C.S. (1942) Supplement to insects of North Carolina. North Carolina Department of Agriculture, Division of Entomology, Raleigh, N.C., 39 pp.
Brimley, C.S. (1967) Family Milichiidae. In: Insects of North Carolina, third supplement. North Carolina Department of Agriculture, Division of Entomology, Raleigh, N.C., pp. 101.
Bryan, E.H., Jr. (1934) A review of the Hawaiian Diptera, with descriptions of new species. Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society, 8, 399–468.
Carles-Tolrá, M. (2001) A new species of Milichiella Giglio-Tos from Spain (Diptera, Milichiidae). Studia Dipterologica, 8, 521–523.
Carles-Tolrá, M. & Báez, M. (2002) Milichiidae. In: Carles-Tolrá, M. (Ed.) Catálogo de los Diptera de España, Portugal y Andorra (Insecta). Monografías S.E.A. 8. Zaragoza, pp. 174.
Cole, F.R. (1912) Some Diptera of Laguna Beach. Annual Report of Laguna Marine Laboratory, 1, 150–162.
Cole, F.R. (1925) Notes on the Diptera of Laguna Beach California. Journal of Entomology and Zoology, 1925, 56–59.
Cole, F.R. (1927) A study of the terminal abdominal structures of male Diptera (two-winged flies). Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, 16, 397–499.
Cole, F.R. (1969) Milichiidae. In: Cole, F.R. & Schlinger, E. (Eds.) The flies of Western North America. University of California Press, Berkeley & Los Angeles, pp. 387–390.
Cole, F.R. & Lovett, A.L. (1921) An annotated list of the Diptera (Flies) of Oregon. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, 11, 197–344.
Coquillett, D.W. (1900) Report on a collection of dipterous insects from Puerto Rico. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 22, 249–270.
Courtney, G.W., Sinclair, B.J. & Meier, R. (2000) 1.4. Morphology and terminology of Diptera larvae. In: Papp, L. & Darvas, B. (Eds.) Contributions to a Manual of Palaearctic Diptera 1. Science Herald, Budapest, pp. 85–161.
Curran, C.H. (1928) Insects of Porto Rico and the Virgin Islands. Diptera or two-winged flies. Scientific Survey of Porto Rico and the Virgin Islands, 11, 1–118.
Cuthbertson, A. (1936) Biological notes on some Diptera of Southern Rhodesia. Occasional Papers of the Rhodesia Museum, 5, 46–63.
de Meijere, J.C.H. (1906) Einige von Herrn Dr. Winkler in Victoria, Kamerun, gesammelte Dipteren. Zeitschrift für systematische Hymenopterologie und Dipterologie, 6, 332–335.
de Meijere, J.C.H. (1911) Studien über südostasiatische Dipteren. VI. Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, 54, 258–432, pls. 18–22.
de Meijere, J.C.H. (1914) Studien über südostasiatische Dipteren. IX. Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, 57, 137–276, pls. 5–7.
de Meijere, J.C.H. (1918) Studien über südostasiatische Dipteren. XIV. Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, 60, 275–369.
Deeming, J.C. (1998) Milichiidae and Carnidae (Diptera: Cyclorrhapha) from the Arabian Peninsula. Fauna of Arabia, 17, 147–157.
Deeming, J.C. & Báez, M. (1985) Some Milichiidae (Diptera, Cyclorrhapha) from the Canary Islands. Entomologist's Monthly Magazine, 121, 63–69.
Denning, D.G., Pratt, J.J., Staebler, A.E. & Wirth, W.W. (1947) A tabulation of insects recovered from aircraft entering the United States at Miami, Florida, during the period July 1943 through December 1944, p. >25 pp. In: United States Department of Agriculture, Foreign Plant Quarantines Memorandum. Vol. 474.
Duda, O. (1935) Einige neue afrikanische akalyptrate Musciden (Diptera) des British Museum. Stylops. A Journal of Taxonomic Entomology, 4, 25–34.
Eisner, T., Eisner, M. & Deyrup, M. (1991) Chemical attraction of kleptoparasitic flies to heteropteran insects caught by orb-weaving spiders. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 88, 8194–8197.
Everly, R.T. (1940) Spiders and insects found associated with sweet corn, with notes on the food and habits of some species. Ohio State Journal of Science, 40, 143–146.
Fabricius, J.C. (1805) Systema antliatorum secundum ordines, genera, species, adiectis synonymis, locis, observationibus, descriptionibus. Carolum Reichard, Brunsvigae, I–XIV, 15–373, 1–30.
Ferrar, P. (1987) 49. Family Milichiidae (=Phyllomyzidae). In: A guide to the breeding habits and immature stages of Diptera Cyclorrapha (part 1: text, part 2: plates). Entomonograph 8. E. J. Brill/Scandinavian Science Press, Leiden, Copenhagen, pp. 222–226, 718–719.
Frey, R. (1936) Die Dipterenfauna der Kanarischen Inseln und ihre Probleme. Commentationes biologicae, 6(1), 1–237.
Frey, R. (1958a) Kanarische Diptera brachycera p.p., von Håkan Lindberg gesammelt. Commentationes biologicae, 17(4), 1–63.
Frey, R. (1958b) Zur Kenntnis der Diptera brachycera pp. der Kapverdischen Inseln. Commentationes biologicae, 18(4), 1–61.
Frost, S.W. (1969) Supplement to Florida insects taken in light traps. Florida Entomologist, 52, 91–101.
Fullaway, D.T. & Krauss, N.L.H. (1945) Common insects of Hawaii. Tongg Publishing Company, Honolulu, Hawaii, 228 pp.
Giglio-Tos, E. (1895) Mission scientifique de M. Ch. Alluaud aux îles Séchelles (Mars-Avril-Mai 1892) 5e mémoire. Diptères. Annales de la Société entomologique de France, 64, 353–368.
Goloboff, P. (1997) Pee-Wee: a program for parsimony analysis under implied weights. Program and documentation. Available at http://www.zmuc.dk/public/phylogeny/Nona-PeeWee/
Goloboff, P. (1999) NONA (NO NAME), vers. 2. Published by the author, Tucumán, Argentina.
Goloboff, P., Farris, S. & Nixon, K. (2003) TNT (Tree analysis using New Technology), vers. 1.1. Published by the authors, Tucumán, Argentina.
Gowdey, C.C. (1926) Catalogus insectorum Jamaicensis. Order Diptera. Entomological Bulletin, 4, 72–90.
Gregor, F. (1986) Čel'ad': Milichiidae. In: Diptera Slovenska, II: Cyclorrhapha Veda, Bratislava, pp. 184–185.
Gregor, F. (1987) Milichiidae. In: Ježek, J. (Ed.) Enumeratio insectorum Bohemoslovakiae - Check list of Czechoslovak insects II (Diptera). Acta faunistica entomologica Musei nationalis Pragae 18. pp. 262.
Hardy, D.E. & Delfinado, M.D. (1980) Family Milichiidae. In: Diptera: Cyclorrhapha III, Series Schizophora, Section Acalypterae, Exclusive of Family Drosophilidae. Insects of Hawaii 13. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, pp. 351–367.
Hendel, F. (1903) Kritische Bemerkungen zur Systematik der Muscidae acalypteratae. I. Über die Sectio Milichiinae. Wiener entomologische Zeitung, 22, 249–252.
Hendel, F. (1911) Über von Prof. J. M. Aldrich erhaltene und einige andere amerikanische Dipteren. Wiener entomologische Zeitung, 30, 19–46.
Hendel, F. (1913) H. Sauter's Formosa-Ausbeute. Acalyptrate Musciden (Dipt.) II. Supplementa entomologica, 2, 77–112.
Hendel, F. (1931) Neue ägyptische Dipteren aus der Gruppe der acalyptraten Musciden, gesammelt von Prof. Efflatoun Bey. Bulletin. Société entomologique d'Égypte, 15, 59–73.
Hendel, F. (1932) Die Ausbeute der deutschen Chaco-Expedition. 1925/26. Diptera XXX–XXXVI. Konowia. Zeitschrift für systematische Insektenkunde, 11, 98–110, 115–145, 15 figs.
Hendel, F. (1936) [Agromyzidae & E. Freyi n. sp.], p. 120–124, 125–126. In: Die Dipterenfauna der Kanarischen Inseln und ihre Probleme, Commentationes biologicae, 6(1), 1–237.
Hennig, W. (1937) 60a. Milichiidae et Carnidae. In: Lindner, E. (Ed.) Die Fliegen der palaearktischen Region 6(1). Schweizerbart, Stuttgart, pp. 1–91.
Hennig, W. (1939) Beiträge zur Kenntnis des Kopulationsapparates und der Systematik der Acalyptraten. II. Tethinidae, Milichiidae, Anthomyzidae und Opomyzidae. Arbeiten über morphologische und taxonomische Entomologie aus Berlin-Dahlem, 6, 81–94.
Hennig, W. (1941) Verzeichnis der Dipteren von Formosa. Entomologische Beihefte aus Berlin-Dahlem, 8, iv + 239.
Hennig, W. (1957) Los insectos de las Islas Juan Fernandez. Revista chilena de entomología, 5, 409–412.
Hunter, S.J. (1914) Insect types and cotypes in Entomological Museum. Kansas University Science Bulletin, 8(1) (1913), 61 pp.
Illingworth, J.F. (1928) Insects collected in the pinapple growing section on the Island of Lanai, August, 1927. Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society, 7, 42–46.
Illingworth, J.F. (1929) Milichiella circularis Aldrich [Note]. Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society, 7, 234.
Iwasa, M. (1999) The genus Milichiella Giglio-Tos (Diptera, Milichiidae) of Japan. Medical entomology and zoology, 50, 27–32.
Johannsen, O.A. (1928) Order Diptera. In: Leonard, M.D. (Ed.) List of the insects of New York with a list of the spiders and certain other allied groups. Memoirs. Cornell University Agricultural Experiment Station 101(1926). pp. 687–869.
Johnson, C.W. (1895) Diptera of Florida. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 47, 303–340.
Johnson, C.W. (1904) A supplementary list of the Diptera of New Jersey. Entomological News, May 1904, 157–163.
Johnson, C.W. (1910) Diptera of New Jersey. Annual report of the New Jersey State Museum, 1909(1910), 703–814.
Johnson, C.W. (1913) Insects of Florida. I. Diptera. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 32, 37–90.
Johnson, C.W. (1919) A revised list of the Diptera of Jamaica. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 41, 421–449.
Johnson, C.W. (1925) Fauna of New England. 15. List of the Diptera or two-winged flies. Occasional Papers of the Boston Society of Natural History, 7(15), 326 pp.
Johnson, C.W. (1927) Part I. The insect fauna with references to the flora and other biological features. Biological survey of the Mount Desert region, The Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology, Philadelphia, 247 pp.
Johnson, C.W. (1930) A list of the insects fauna of Nantucket, Massachusetts. Publications of the Nantucket Maria Mitchell Association, 3(2), 174 pp + xviii.
Jong, H.d. (2000) The types of Diptera described by J. C. H. de Meijere. Biodiversity Information Series, Zoölogisch Museum Amsterdam 1, Backhuys Publishers, Leiden, viii + 271 pp.
Krauss, N.L.H. (1944) Notes on insects and other arthropods from the islands of Molokai and Maui, Hawaii. Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society, 12, 81–94.
Krauss, N.L.H. (1945) Notes on some Hawaiian Insects. Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society, 12, 309–317.
Krauss, N.L.H. (1963) A milichiid fly (Milichiella lacteipennis). Cooperative economic insect report, 13, 536.
Krauss, N.L.H. (1964) Milichiella lacteipennis (Loew). Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society, 18, 334.
Lamb, C.G. (1914) The Percy Sladen Trust expedition to the Indian Ocean in 1905, under the leadership of Mr. J. Stanley Gardiner, M. A. Vol. 5. No XV. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, 16, 307–372.
Landau, G.D. & Gaylor, M.J. (1987) Observations on commensal Diptera (Milichiidae and Chloropidae) associated with spiders in Alabama. Journal of Arachnology, 15, 270–272.
Lee, D., Crust, M. & Sabrosky, C.W. (1956) The Australasian Diptera of J. R. Malloch. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, 80, 289–342.
Legner, E.F. (1970) Attraction of Hippelates eye gnats and other minute Diptera to baits and man with considerations on competitive displacement by exotic non-problem species. Proceedings of the California Mosquito Control Association, 37, 119–126.
Loew, H. (1863) Enumeratio dipterorum, quae C. Tollin ex Africa meridionali (Orangestaat, Bloemfontein) misit. Wiener entomologische Monatsschrift, 7, 9–16.
Loew, H. (1866) Diptera Americae septentrionalis indigena. Berliner entomologische Zeitschrift, 9(1865), 127–186.
Loew, H. (1876) Beschreibung neuer amerikanischer Dipteren. Zeitschrift für die gesamte Naturwissenschaft, 1876, 317–340.
Lopez, A. (1984) News on insects considered as spider commensals and their hosts. British Arachnological Society, The Newsletter, 40, 3–4.
Macquart, P.J.M. (1843) Diptères exotiques nouveaux ou peu connus. Mémoires de la Société des sciences, de l'agriculture et des arts de Lille, 1842, 162–460.
Maldonado Capriles, J. & Navarro, C.A. (1967) Additions and corrections to Wolcott's "Insects of Puerto Rico". Caribbean Journal of Science, 7, 45–64.
Malloch, J.R. (1913a) New North American Diptera. Canadian Entomologist, 45, 282–284.
Malloch, J.R. (1913b) A synopsis of the genera of Agromyzidae, with descriptions of new genera and species. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 46, 127–154, pls. 4–6.
Malloch, J.R. (1931) Notes on Australian Diptera. No. xxvii. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, 56, 60–78.
Malloch, J.R. (1934a) Acalyptrata (concluded). In: Diptera of Patagonia and South Chile 6. British Museum (Nat. Hist.), London, pp. 393–489, pl. 8.
Malloch, J.R. (1934b) Drosophilidae, Ephydridae, Sphaeroceridae and Milichiidae. In: Insects of Samoa and other Samoan terrestrial Arthropoda -Part VI. Diptera, Fasc. 8. British Museum (Nat. Hist.), London, pp. 267–328.
Melander, A.L. (1913) A Synopsis of the dipterous groups Agromyzidae, Milichiidae, Ochthiphilinae and Geomyzinae. Journal of the New York Entomological Society, 21, 219–273, 283–300, pl. 8.
Mik, J. (1887) Ueber Dipteren. I. Drei neue österreichische Dipteren. Verhandlungen der Zoologisch-botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 37, 173–180, Taf. IV.
Morge, G. (1976) Beiträge zur Kenntnis von Typen-Exemplaren und wenig bekannten Dipteren-Arten - II. Beiträge zur Entomologie, 26, 489–530.
Naskrecki, P. (2008) Mantis - A Manager of Taxonomic Information and Specimens. URL: http://insects.oeb.harvard.edu/mantis, vers. 2.0.
Nishida, G.M. (1992) Hawaiian terrestrial arthropod checklist. Hawaii Biological Survey, Bishop Museum, Honolulu, iv + 262 pp.
Nixon, K.C. (2002) WinClada, vers. 1.00.08. Published by the author, Ithaca, NY.
Ortiz, C.S. (1946) Catalogo de los dipteros de Chile. Imprenta Universitaria, Santiago de Chile, 250 pp.
Osten Sacken, C.R. (1878) Catalogue of the described Diptera of North America. [Ed.2]. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, 16(2[=publ.270]), xlviii + 276 pp.
Papp, L. (1978) 72. család: Milichiidae + Carnidae. Fauna Hungariae, 15, 9–50.
Papp, L. (1984) Family Milichiidae. In: Soós, Á. & Papp, L. (Eds.) Clusiidae - Chloropidae. Catalogue of Palaearctic Diptera 10. pp. 110–118.
Perris, E. (1876) Nouvelle promenade entomologique. Annales de la Société entomologique de France, (5)6, 208.
Poole, R.W. (1996) Diptera. In: Poole, R.W. & Gentili, P. (Eds.) Diptera, Lepidoptera, Siphonaptera. Nomina Insecta Nearctica. A checklist of the insects of North America 3. Entomological Information Service, Rockville, pp.
Procter, W. (1938) Part VI. The insect fauna with references to methods of capture, food plants, the flora and other biological features. Biological survey of the Mount Desert region, The Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology, Philadelphia, 496 pp.
Procter, W. (1946) Part VII. The insect fauna with references to methods of capture, food plants, the flora and other biological features. Biological survey of the Mount Desert region, The Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology, Philadelphia, 566 pp.
Roháček, J. (1995) Habitat, biology and immature stages of Milichiella argyrogaster (Diptera, Milichiidae). Entomological Problems, 26, 85–92.
Roháček, J. & Gregor, F. (1984) Nové nebo faunisticky zajímaví nálazy druhu celedi Milichiidae a Carnidae (Diptera) z Ceskoslovenska. Casopis Slezského musea v Opave, 33, 17–21.
Rohlfien, K. & Ewald, B. (1970) Katalog der in den Sammlungen des ehemaligen Deutschen Entomologischen Institutes aufbewahrten Typen - VIII. Beiträge zur Entomologie, 22, 407–469.
Sabrosky, C.W. (1958) East African Milichiidae (Diptera). (Ergebnisse der Deutschen Zoologischen Ostafrika-Expedition 1951/52, Gruppe Lindner - Stuttgart, Nr. 32). Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde, 4, 1–5.
Sabrosky, C.W. (1965) Family Milichiidae. In: Stone, A.R., Sabrosky, C.W., Wirth, W.W., Foote, R.H. & Coulson, J.R. (Eds.) A catalog of the Diptera of America North of Mexico. Agricultural Handbook 276. Washington, pp. 728–733.
Sabrosky, C.W. (1973) Family Milichiidae. A catalogue of the Diptera of the Americas South of the United States, Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 12 pp.
Sabrosky, C.W. (1977) Family Milichiidae. In: Delfinado, M.D. & Hardy, D.E. (Eds.) A catalog of the Diptera of the Oriental Region 3, Honolulu, pp. 275–276.
Sabrosky, C.W. (1980) 75. Family Milichiidae. In: Crosskey, R.W., Cogan, B.H. & Freeman, P. (Eds.) Catalogue of the Diptera of the Afrotropical Region London, pp. 686–689.
Sabrosky, C.W. (1989) 78. Family: Milichiidae. In: Evenhuis, N. (Ed.) Catalog of the Diptera of the Australasian and Oceanian Regions. Bishop Museum Special Publications 86. pp. 555–557.
Séguy, E. (1933) Contributions à l'étude de la faune du Mozambique. Voyage de M.M. Lesne (1928–1929) 13e note. - Diptères (2e partie). Memórias e estudos do Museu zoológico da Universidade de Coimbra, 67, 5–80.
Séguy, E. (1934) 28. Diptères (Brachycères) (Muscidae Acalyptraterae et Scatophagidae). Faune de FranceParis, 832 pp + 27 pl.
Serra, A.L. (2002) Insecta - Diptera - Milichiidae (Phyllomyzidae, incl. Carnidae). Fauna da Amazonia Brasileira, 18, 1-3.
Sivinski, J. (1985) Mating by kleptoparasitic flies (Diptera: Chloropidae) on a spider host. Florida Entomologist, 68, 216–222.
Smith, J.B. (1890) Catalogue of insects found in New Jersey. J.L. Murphy Publ. Co., Trenton, 486 pp.
Stackelberg, A.A. (1958) Acalyptrata, part 1. List of Diptera of the Leningrad Region. III, 103–191.
Steyskal, G.C. (1949) The dipterous fauna of tree trunks. Papers of the Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters, 35, 121–134.
Steyskal, G.C. (1953) Futher notes on Diptera of tree trunks with descriptions of two new species of Drapetis (Diptera; Empididae) and an abstract of a Finnish paper on Diptera by Tuomikoski. Papers of the Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters, 38, 255–260.
Steyskal, G.C. (1957) Notes on color and pattern of eye in Diptera. Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society, 52, 89–94.
Steyskal, G.C. (1966) Notes and descriptions of Egyptian acalyptrate Diptera (Ephydridae, Milichiidae, Otitidae). Bulletin. Société entomologique d'Égypte, 109, 109–125.
Steyskal, G.C. & El-Bialy, S. (1967) A list of Egyptian Diptera with a bibliography and key to families. United Arab Republic, Ministry of Agriculture, Technical Bulletin, 3, 87pp.
Swann, J.E. (2000) Milichiidae (Diptera: Carnoidea). In: Kirk-Spriggs, A.H. & Marais, E. (Eds.) Dâures - biodiversity of the Brandberg Massif, Namibia 9. pp.
Swezey, O.H. (1926) Milichiella sp.(?) (Note). Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society, 6, 378.
Walker, F. (1836) Descriptions, etc., of the Diptera. In: Curtis, J., Haliday, A.H. & Walker, F. (Eds.) Descriptions, etc., of the insects collected by Captain P. P. King R. N., F. R. S., in the survey of the Straits of Magellan. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London (Series 2, Zoology) 17. pp. 331–359.
Wiedemann, C.R.W. (1830) Aussereuropäische zweiflügelige Insekten. Zweiter Theil. Schulz, Hamm, xii + 684 pp, 5 pls.
Williams, F.X. (1931) Handbook of the insects and other invertebrates of Hawaiian sugar cane fields. Experiment Station of the Hawaiian Sugar Planters' Association, Honolulu, Hawaii, 400 pp.
Williston, S.W. (1896) On the Diptera of St. Vincent (West Indies). Transactions of the Entomological Society of London, 1896, 253–446, pls. 8–14.
Wolcott, G.N. (1923) Insectae Portoricensis. The journal of the Department of Agriculture of Porto Rico, 7, 312 pp.
Wolcott, G.N. (1936) "Insectae Borinquenses". A revision of "Insectae Portoricensis". Journal of Agriculture of the University of Puerto Rico, 20(1), 627 + [3] pp.
Wolda, H. & Sabrosky, C.W. (1986) Insect visitors to two forms of Aristolochia pilosa in Las Cumbres, Panama. Biotropica, 18, 295–299.