Abstract
The eggs of six Anopheles Hyrcanus Group (An. sinensis Wiedemann, An. kleini Rueda, An. belenrae Rueda, An. pullus M. Yamada, An. lesteri Baisas and Hu, An. sineroides S. Yamada) and related species (An. koreicus S. Yamada and Watanabe, An. lindesayi japonicus S. Yamada), were described from scanning electron micrographs of specimens collected from different localities of the Republic of Korea. Morphometric measurements of egg samples of the eight species were compared and relationships analyzed by multivariate statistics. About 27 characters were selected and used as a basis for principal and discriminant function analyses. Scanning electron micrographs of various parts of the eggs were selected to illustrate interspecific differences for particular morphological features (e.g. anterior and posterior tubercles, decks, plastron, micropyles, floats).References
Borror, D.J., Triplehorn, C.A. & Johnson, N.H. (1989) An introduction to the study of insects, 6th edition. Saunders College Publishing, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania , 875 pp.
Harbach, R.E. (2004) The classification of genus Anopheles (Diptera: Culicidae): a working hypothesis of phylogenetic relationships. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 94, 537–553.
Harbach, R.E. & Knight, K.L. (1980) Taxonomist’s glossary of mosquito anatomy. Plexus publishing, Inc., Marlton, New Jersey, 415 pp.
Hinton, H.E. (1968) Observation on the biology and taxonomy of the eggs of Anopheles mosquitoes. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 57, 495–508.
Junkum, A., Jitpakdi, A., Komalamisra, N., Jariyapani, N., Somboon, P., Bates, P.A. & Coochote, W. (2004) Comparative morphometry and morphology of Anopheles aconitus Form B and C eggs under scanning electron microscope. Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de Sao Paulo, 46, 257–262.
Lee, W.J., Klein, T.A., Kim, H.C., Choi, Y.M., Yoon, S.H., Chang, K.S., Chong, S.T., Lee, I.Y., Jones, J.W., Jacobs, J.S., Sattabongkot, J. & Park J.S. (2007) Anopheles kleini, An. pullus, and An. sinensis: potential vectors of Plasmodium vivax in the Republic of Korea. Journal of Medical Entomology, 44, 1086–1090.
Li, C., Lee, J.S., Groebner, J.L., Kim, H.-C., Klein, T.A., O’Guinn, M.L. & Wilkerson, R.C. (2005) A newly recognized species in the Anopheles Hyrcanus Group and molecular identification of related species from the Republic of South Korea (Diptera: Culicidae). Zootaxa, 939, 1–8.
Linley, J.R. (1992).The eggs of Anopheles atropos and Anopheles darlingi (Diptera: Culicidae). Mosquito Systematics, 24, 40–50.
Linley, J.R., Kaiser, P.E. & Cockburn A.F. (1993) A description and morphometric study of the eggs of species of the Anopheles quadrimaculatus complex (Diptera: Culicidae). Mosquito Systematics, 25, 124–147.
Linley, J.R., Yap, H.H. & Damar, T.B. (1995). The eggs of four species of the Anopheles Hyrcanus Group in Malaysia (Diptera: Culicidae). Mosquito Systematics, 27, 43–71.
Linley, J.R., Lounibos, L.P., Conn, J., Duzak, D. & Nishimura, N. (1996) A description and morphometric comparison of eggs from eight geographical populations of the South American malaria vector Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) nuneztovari (Diptera): Culicidae). Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association, 12, 275–292.
Rueda, L.M. (2005) Two new species of Anopheles (Anopheles) Hyrcanus group (Diptera: Culicidae) from the Republic of South Korea, Zootaxa, 941, 1–26.
Rueda, L.M., Iwakami, M., O’Guinn, M., Mogi, M., Prendergast, B.F., Miyagi, I., Toma, T., Pecor, J.E. & Wilkerson, R. C.. (2005) Habitats and distribution of Anopheles sinensis and associated Anopheles Hyrcanus group in Japan. Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association, 21, 458–463.
Rueda, L.M., Kim, H.C., Klein, T., Pecor, J., Li, C., Sithiprasasna, R., Debboun, M. & Wilkerson, R.C. (2006) Distribution and larval habitat characteristics of Anopheles Hyrcanus Group and related mosquito species (Diptera: Culicidae) in South Korea. Journal of Vector Ecology, 31, 199–206.
Tanaka, K., Mizusawa, K. & Saugstad, E. (1979) A revision of the adult and larval mosquitoes of Japan (including the Ryukyu Archipelago and the Ogasawara Islands) and Korea (Diptera: Culicidae). Contributions of the American Entomological Institute, 16, 1–987.
SAS Institute (2003). Statistical Analysis Software. SAS Institute Inc., Cary, North Carolina. StatPoint Technologies (2007). Statgraphics Centurion XV Software. StatPoint Technologies, Inc., Warrenton, VA.
Wilkerson, R.C., Li, C., Rueda, L.M., Kim, H.C., Klein, T.A., Song, G.H. & Strickman, D. (2003) Molecular confirmation of Anopheles (Anopheles) lesteri from the Republic of South Korea and its genetic identity with An. (Ano.) anthropophagus from China (Diptera: Culicidae). Zootaxa, 378, 1–14.