Abstract
We present a review of distribution and new synonymy of the 63 valid species of biting midges in the genus Dasyhelea occurring in Europe. New distribution records, mostly from Ukraine and Romania, are provided. Dasyhelea alonensis (Strobl), D. mayor (Strobl), D. decoratissima (Strobl) and D. bilineata Goetghebuer are redescribed and interpreted. Seventeen NEW SYNONYMS are proposed for the following species: Dasyhelea modesta Winnertz (= D. inclusa Kieffer), D. mayor (Strobl) (= D. aperta Goetghebuer & Timon David, D. wuelkeri Mayer), D. bilobata Kieffer (= D. luteiventris Goetghebuer, D. spiralis Remm), D. bilineata Goetghebuer (= D. insignipalpis Kieffer, Tetraphora saxicola Edwards, D. geleiana Zilahi-Sebess, D. montana Zilahi-Sebess, D. lithotelmatica Strenzke, D. tecticola Remmert, Culicoides dieuzeidei Vaillant, D. karelica Glukhova & Brodskaya), D. dampfi Kieffer (= D. estonica Kieffer), D. turficola Kieffer (= D. malibui Yu), D. turanicola Remm & Nazarmukhamedov (= D. serrata Navai), D. corinneae Gosseries (= D. chonetus Yu & Zou). Dasyhelea furva Remm is removed from synonymy with D. bifida Zilahi-Sebess and D. alonensis (Strobl) removed from synonymy with D. flavoscutellata (Zetterstedt). Ceratopogon aristolochiae Rondani is transferred from the genus Dasyhelea to the genus Forcipomyia (comb. nov.) and recognized as a new senior synonym of Forcipomyia brevicubita Goetghebuer and F. pontica Remm (syn. nov.). Lectotypes are designated for Dasyhelea alonensis (Strobl), D. mayor (Strobl), D. decoratissima (Strobl) and Forcipomyia aristolochiae (Rondani). Dasyhelea longituba Kieffer, D. strigosa Kieffer, D. neobifurcata Wirth and D. paragrata Remm are excluded from the European fauna. In addition, we provide a list of 17 doubtful species (nomina dubia) described from Europe and one nomen nudum.References
Ashe, P., O'Connor, J. P. & Chandler, P. J. (2007) Dasyhelea (Dasyhelea) saxicola (Edwards) (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) new to Ireland and Wales from limestone rock pools with a review of its ecology and distribution. Entomologist's Monthly Magazine, 143, 113–126.
Bernotienė, R. (2002) New data on the fauna of biting midges (Diptera, Ceratopogonidae) from Lithuania. Acta Zoologica Lituanica, 12, 288–293.
Boorman J., van Harten, A. (2002) Some Ceratopogonidae (Insecta: Diptera) from the Arabian Peninsula, with particular reference to the Republic of Yemen. Fauna of Arabia, 19, 427–462.
Boorman, J., Coluzzi, M., Contini, C., Ferrarese, U., Rivosecchi, L., Rossaro, B., Sabatini, A. & Wagner, R. (1995) Diptera Culicomorpha. In: Minelli, A., Ruffo, S., La Posta, S. (Eds), Checklist delle Specie della fauna Italiana. Calderini, RCS, Milano, 65, 1–32.
Boorman, J., Ismay, J. (2003) A species of Dasyhelea (Dipt., Ceratopogonidae) new to Britain. Entomologist's Monthly Magazine, 139, 161–162.
Borkent, A. (2009) World species of biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Available at: http://www.inhs.uiuc.edu/cee/FLYTREE/CeratopogonidaeCatalog.pdf. (Last updated: July 9, 2009).
Borkent, A., Forster, L. (1986) Review of the Dasyhelea fasciigera species group (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) with a revision of the Nearctic species. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 64, 1280–1287.
Borkent, A., Wirth, W.W. (1997) World species of biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 233, 1–257.
Brodskaya, N.K. (1995) A new species of biting midge of the genus Dasyhelea Kieff. (Diptera, Ceratopogonidae) from Leningrad Region. International Journal of Dipterological Research, 6, 9–12.
Brodskaya, N.K. (1996) A new species of biting midge of the genus Dasyhelea Kieffer (Diptera, Ceratopogonidae) from Kirghistan. International Journal of Dipterological Research, 7, 193–196.
Chandler, P.J. (1998) Checklists of insects of the British Isles (New Series). Part 1: Diptera (Incorporating a List of Irish Diptera). Handbooks for the identification of British insects 12. Royal Entomoligical Society, London, 234 pp.
Chandler, P.J., Ashe, P. & O’Connor, J.P. (2008) Notes on Ceratopogonidae (Diptera) including some new national records for Britain and Ireland. Dipterists Digest, 15, 73–94.
Clastrier, J. (1966) Cératopogonidés des iles Canaries (Dipt. Nematocera). Annales de la Société Entomologique de France, N.S., 2, 693–710.
Damian-Georgescu, A. (1973) Contribuţii la cunoaşterea genurilor Forcipomyia şi Dasyhelea (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) din România. Studii şi Cercetari de Biologie, Seria Zoologie, 25, 447–454.
Damian-Georgescu, A. (1975) Ceratopogonidae (Diptera) noi pentru fauna României. Studii şi Cercetari de Biologie, Seria Zoologie, 27, 97–100.
De Meijere, J.C.H. (1946) Zevende Supplement op de Nieuwe Naamlijst van Nederlandsche Diptera van 1898. (Eerste Supplement op mijne Naamlijst van 1939). Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, 87, 1–25.
Delécolle, J.-C. (1998 (1999)) Ceratopogonidés (Diptera, Nematocera) do Los Monegros. Boletin de la Sociedad Entomologica Aragonesa, 24, 137.
Delécolle, J.-C. (2002) Ceratopogonidae. In: Carles-Tolrá, M., Hjorth-Andersen (Eds), Catálogo de los Diptera de Espańa, Portugal y Andora (Insecta). Monografías de la Sociedad Entomológica Aragonesa Zaragoza, 8, 26–33.
Delécolle, J.-C., Rieb, J.-P. (1990) Liste faunistique complémentaire des Cératopogonidés d’Alsace (Dipt. Nematocera). Bulletin de la Société Entomologique de France, 95, 183–185.
Delécolle, J.-C., Rieb, J.-P. (1993) Contribution ŕ l’étude des Cératopogonidés d’Espagne. Description de Forcipomyia (Thyridomyia) blascovi n. sp. (Diptera, Nematocera). Nouvelle Revue d’Entomologie (N.S), 10, 109–120.
Delécolle, J.-C., Rieb, J.-P. & Brunhes, J. (1991) Note préliminaire sur les Diptères Cératopogonidés de la tourbière eutrophe du marais de Lavours (Vallée du Rhone, Ain). Bulletin de la Société Entomologique de France, 96, 255–256.
Disney, R.H.L. (1975) A midge (Diptera, Ceratopogonidae) new to Britain that is abundant in the limestone pavement of the Yorkshire Pennines. Entomologist’s Monthly Magazine, 110, 227–228.
Disney, R.H.L., Wirth, W.W. (1982) A midge (Dipt., Ceratopogonidae) new to Britan from teasel axil-waters in Sulffolk. Entomologist’s Monthly Magazine, 118, 233–234.
Dominiak, P. (2005) Kuczmany (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) rozwijające się w dziuplach i soku różnych gatunków drzew. Dipteron, 21, 5–6.
Dominiak, P., Braverman, Y. & Szadziewski, R. (2007a) New records of biting midges of the genus Dasyhelea from Israel, with notes on synonymy in the genera Culicoides and Forcipomyia (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Polish Journal of Entomology, 76, 257–265.
Dominiak, P., Gwizdalska-Kentzer, M. & Szadziewski, R. (2007b) Nowe dane faunistyczne o kuczmanach (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) Bieszczadzkiego Parku Narodowego. Dipteron, 23, 2–6.
Dominiak, P., Szadziewski, R. (2006) Kuczmany rodzaju Dasyhelea Kieffer, 1911 (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) z torfowisk Polski. Dipteron, 22, 4–7.
Dominiak, P., Szadziewski, R. (2008) New synonymy and reports of biting midges in Poland (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Polish Journal of Entomology, 77, 145–150.
Downes, J.A., Wirth, W.W. (1981) Chapter 28. Ceratopogonidae. Pages 393–421. In: McAlpine, J.F., Peterson, B.V., Shewell, G.E., Teskey, H.J., Vockeroth, J.R. & Wood, D.M. (Eds), Manual of Nearctic Diptera, Volume 1. Agriculture Canada Monograph 27, 674 pp.
Edwards, F.W. (1921) Diptera Nematocera from Arran and Loch Etive. Scottish Naturalist, 59-61, 89–92, 121–125.
Edwards, F.W. (1926) On the British biting midges. Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London, 74, 389–426.
Edwards, F.W. (1929) British non-biting midges (Diptera, Chironomidae). Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London, 77, 279–430.
Edwards, F.W. (1933) Some Perthshire Diptera. Scottish Naturalist, 201, 87–92.
Evenhuis, N. (2009) Abbreviations for Insect and Spider Collections of the World. Bishop Museum. Available at: http://hbs.bishopmuseum.org/codens/codens-inst.html (Last updated: December 16, 2009.
Fűrst von Lieven, A. (1998) Functional morphology and phylogeny of the larval feeding apparatus in the Dasyheleinae and Forcipomyiinae (Diptera, Ceratopogonidae). Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift, 45, 49–64.
García Sánchez, M.R., Sahuquillo Herráiz, C. (1986) Descripción de dos Ceratopogónidos (Diptera, Nematocera) nuevos para la ciencia. Eos, 62, 95–101.
Gil Collado, J., Sahuquillo Herráiz, C. (1983) Claves de identificación de Ceratopogonidae de España Peninsular. I. Subfamilias Forcipomyiinae y Dasyheleinae (Dipt., Nematocera). Graellsia, 39, 31–45.
Glukhova, V.M., Brodskaya, N.K. (1997) Description of a new species of non-blood-sucking biting midge of the genus Dasyhelea Kieffer (Diptera, Ceratopogonidae) from Karelia. Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie, 76, 443–447.
Goetghebuer, D.M. (1910) Description de dipteres chironomides nouveaux. Revue Mensuelle de la Société Entomologique Namuroise, 10, 96–97.
Goetghebuer, D.M. (1914) Contribution a l’étude des Chironomides de Belgique. Annales de Biologie Lacustre, 7, 165–229.
Goetghebuer, D.M. (1919) Observations sur les larves et nymphes de quelques Chironomides de Belgique. Annales de Biologie Lacustre, 9, 51–78.
Goetghebuer, D.M. (1920) Ceratopogoninae de Belgique. Mémoires du Musée Royal d’Histoire Naturelle de Belgique, 8, 2–116.
Goetghebuer, D.M. (1921) Chironomides de Belgique et spécialement de la zone des Flandres. Mémoires du Musée Royal d’Histoire Naturelle de Belgique, 8, 1–208.
Goetghebuer, D.M. (1922) Étude critique des Ceratopogon de la collection Meigen conservée au Museum National d’Historie naturelle de Paris. Extrait du Bulletin de la Société Entomologique de Belgique, 4, 50–59.
Goetghebuer, D.M. (1925) Notes biologiques et morphologiques sur Dasyhelea bilineata Goetgh. In: Lechevalier, P. (Ed.), Encyclopedie Entomologique, Diptera, recueil d'etudes biologiques et systematiques sur les Dipteres du Globe. Paris, 1924–1953, pp. 121–124.
Goetghebuer, D.M. (1927) Nouveaux matériaux pour l’étude de la Faune des Chironomides de Belgique. Annales de Biologie Lacustre, 15, 93–104.
Goetghebuer, D.M. (1931) Ceratopogonidae et Chironomidae nouveaux d'Europe. Bulletin et Annales de la Société Entomologique de Belgique, 71, 211–218.
Goetghebuer, D.M. (1932) Ceratopogonidae et Chironomidae nouveaux ou peu connus d’Europe. Bulletin et Annales de la Société Entomologique de Belgique, 72, 125–130.
Goetghebuer, D.M. (1933a) Catalogue des Cératopogonides de Belgique. Bulletin et Annales de la Société Entomologique de Belgique, 73, 363–372.
Goetghebuer, D.M. (1933b) Ceratopogonidae et Chironomidae du Congo Belge. Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaines, 24, 129–151.
Goetghebuer, D.M. (1934a) A. Die Imagines. Heleidae (Ceratopogonidae). 13a. In: Lindner, E. (Ed.), Die Fliegen der palaearktischen Region. E. Schweizerbart’sche verlagsbuchhandlung, Stuttgart, pp. 1–94.
Goetghebuer, D.M. (1934b) Ceratopogonidae et Chironomidae nouveaux ou peu connus d’Europe. Bulletin et Annales de la Société Entomologique de Belgique, 74, 287–294.
Goetghebuer, D.M. (1940) Chironomides de Laponie Suédoise. Bulletin et Annales de la Société Entomologique de Belgique, 80, 55–72.
Goetghebuer, D.M. (1950) Ceratopogonidae et Chironomidae nouveaux ou peu connus d’Europe (Treizième note). Bulletin Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, 25, 1–8.
Goetghebuer, D.M., Lindroth, C.H. (1931) Fam. Ceratopogonidae und Chironomidae. In: Lindroth, C.H. (Ed.), Die Insektenfauna Islands und ihre Probleme. Zoologiska Bidrag från Uppsala, 13, 274–285.
Goetghebuer, D.M., Timon David, J. (1937) Contribution a l’etude des diptères halophiles et halobies du littoral méditerranéen Chironomides et Cératopogonides de l’îlot de Planier. Bulletin et Annales de la Société Royale Entomologique de Belgique, 77, 409–416.
Gosseries, J. (1991) Ceratopogonidae. In: Grootaert, P., de Bruyn, L. & de Meyer, M. (Eds), Catalogue of the Diptera of Belgium. Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique Documents de Travail, 70, 41–45.
Graves, R.C., Graves, A.C.F. (1985) Diptera associated with shelf fungi and certain other micro-habitats in the highlands area of western North Carolina. Entomological News, 96, 87–92.
Guerin, M.F.W. (1833) Notice sur les mètamorphoses des Cèratopogons et description de deux espèces nouvelles, dècouvertes aux environs de Paris. Annales de la Société Entomologique de France, 2, 161–167.
Hackman, W. (1980) A check list of Finnish Diptera I. Nematocera and Brachycera (s.str.). Notulae Entomologicae, 60, 17–48.
Hagan, D.V., Hassold, E., Kynde, B., Szadziewski, R., Thunes, K. H., Skartveit, J. & Grogan, W. L. Jr. (2000) Biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) from forest habitats in Norway. Polish Journal of Entomology, 69, 465–476.
Havelka, P. (1976a) Ceratopogoniden-Emergenz am Breitenbach und am Rohrwiesenbach (1971–1972). Archiv für Hydrobiologe, supl., 50, 54–95.
Havelka, P. (1976b) Limnologische und systematische Studien an Ceratopogoniden (Diptera: Nematocera). Beiträge zur Entomologie, 26, 211–305.
Havelka, P. (1978a) Dasyhelea erici n. sp., eine neue Ceratopogonidae aus der Teichbach-Emergenz (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Zeitschrift der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Österreichischer Entomologen, 30, 62–64.
Havelka, P. (1978b) Blütenbesuchende Ceratopogoniden (Diptera) aus der Umgebung von Tübingen. Beitrage zur Naturkundlichen. Forschung in Suedwestdeutschland, 37, 175–179.
Havelka, P. (1979) Situation der Ceratopoginidenforschung auf der Iberischen Halbinsel (Dipt. Ceratopogoniade). Eos, 53, 55–74.
Havelka, P., Aguilar, M. (1999) Ceratopogonidae. In: Schumann, H., Bährmann, R., & Stark, A. (Eds), Entomofauna Germanica 2. Checkliste der Dipteren Deutschlands. Studia Dipterologica, supl., 2, 33–38.
Hribar, L.J., Grogan, W.L. Jr. (2005) New records of biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) and frog-biting midges (Diptera: Corethrellidae) from the Florida Keys. Florida Scientist, 68, 227–235.
Huttel, W., Huttel, N. (1951) Les cératopogonides de la collection H. Bertrand. Entomologiste, 7, 98–105.
Huttel, W., Huttel N. (1954) Un Dasyhelea inédit du midi de la France (Dipt. Ceratopogonidae). Bulletin de la Société Entomologique de France, 59, 39–41.
Kaczorowska, E. (1996) Dasyhelea (s. str.) versicolor (Winnertz, 1852) from Poland (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Annals of the Upper Silesian Museum, Entomology, 6–7, 49–58.
Karl, O. (1940) Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Mückenfauna Pommers. Diptera Nematocera. III. Dohrniana, 19, 29–36.
Keilin, D. (1921) On the life history of Dasyhelea obscura Winnertz (Diptera, Nematocera, Ceratopogonidae), with some remarks on the parasites and hereditary bacterian symbiont of this midge. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 8, 576–590, pls. 19–20.
Keilin, D. (1927) Fauna of a horse chestnut tree (Aesculus hippocastanum), dipterous larvae and their parasites. Parasitology, 19, 368–374.
Kieffer, J.J. (1911) Nouvelles descriptions de chironomides obtenus d'éclosion. Bulletin de la Societe d’Histoire Naturelle de Moselle (Metz), 27, 1–60.
Kieffer, J.J. (1913a) 1. Dasyhelea halophila n. sp., eine neue halophile Zuckmücke. In: Kieffer, J.J., van Douwe, C. (Eds), Zur Flora und Fauna der Strandtümpel von Rovigno (in Istria). Biologisches Zentralblatt, 33, 254–258.
Kieffer, J.J. (1913b) Nouvelle contribution à la connaissance des tendipédides d'Allemagne. Bulletin de la Société d'Histoire Naturelle de Moselle (Metz), 28, 37–44.
Kieffer, J.J. (1914) Zwölf neue Culicoidinenarten. Archiv für Hydrobiologie und Planktonkunde, supl. 2, 231–241.
Kieffer, J.J. (1915) Neue Chironomiden aus Mitteleuropa. Brotéria, Serie Zoologica, 13, 65–87.
Kieffer, J.J. (1918) Chironomides d'Afrique et d'Asie conservés au Museum National Hongrois de Budapest. Annales Musei Nationalis Hungarici, 16, 31–136.
Kieffer, J.J. (1919) Chironomides d'Europe conservès au Musée National Hongrois de Budapest. Annales Musei Nationalis Hungarici, 17, 1–160.
Kieffer, J.J. (1922) Nouveaux Chironomides piqueurs habitant l'Algérie. Archives de l'Institut Pasteur de l'Afrique du Nord, 2, 494–518.
Kieffer, J.J. (1923) Ceratopogonines recueillis au Sahara Constantinois. Archives de l'Institut Pasteur Algérie, 1, 654–683.
Kieffer, J.J. (1924) Chironomides nouveaux ou rares de l’Europe centrale. Bulletin de la Societe d’Histoire Naturelle de Moselle (Metz), 30, 11–110.
Kieffer, J.J. (1925a) Chironomiden der Hochmoore Nordeuropas und des őstlichen Mitteleuropas. Beiträge zur Kunde Estlands, 10, 145–163 [31 March 1925].
Kieffer, J.J. (1925b) Chironomides d’Egypte (Dipt.). Bulletin de la Société Royale Entomologique d’Egypte, 8, 244–313.
Kieffer, J.J. (1925c) Diptères (Nématocères piqueurs): Chironomidae Ceratopogoninae. Fauna de France 11, Paris, 139 pp.
Kieffer, J.J. (1925d) Nouveaux genres et nouvelles espèces de Chironomides piqueurs. Archives de l'Institut Pasteur Algérie, 3, 405–430 [Dec. 1925].
Kieffer, J.J. (1929) Zur Kenntnis der Chironomiden (Zuckműcken) des Zehlaubruches. Schriften der Physikalisch-Ökonomischen Gesellschaft zu Königsberg, 66, 287–312.
Knoz, J. (1996) Ceratopogonidae (Ceratopogonidae). In: van Zuijlen, J.W.A., Peeters, T.M.J., van Wielink, P.S., van Eck, A.P.W. & Bouvy, E.H.M. (Eds), Brand-stof. Een inventarisatie van de entomofauna van het natuurreservaat ‘De Brand’ in 1990. Tilburg: Insektenwerkgroep KNNV-afdeling Tilburg, pp. 87–88.
Knoz, J. (1997) Ceratopogonidae (Diptera, Nematocera) recorded firstly in the Czech and Slovak Republics. In: Vaňhara, J., Rozkošný, R. (Eds), Dipterologica bohemoslovaca 8. Folia Facultatis Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Masarykianae Brunensis, Biologia, 95, 77–87.
Knoz, J. (1998) Ceratopogonidae. In: Vaňhara, J., Rozkošný, R. (Eds), Diptera of the Pálava Biosphere Reserve of UNESCO 1. Folia Facultatis Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Masarykianae Brunensis, Biologia, 99, 113–121.
Knoz, J., Beuk, P.L.T. (2002). Ceratopogonidae. pp. 103–108, In: Beuk, P.L.T. (Ed.), Checklist of the Diptera of the Netherlands. Natuurhistorische bibliotek nr 71, KNNV Uitgeverin, Utrecht, 448 pp.
Knoz, J., Olejníček, J. & Gelbič, I. (2004) Biting midges (Diptera, Ceratopogonidae) in the late domestic dump Švábův Hrádek near České Budějovice. Acta Musei meridionali in České Budějovice, 44, 83–86.
Knoz, J., Tóthová, A. (2008) Pakomárcovití (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) Jizerských hor a Frýdlantska. Sborník Severočeského Muzea - Přírodní Vědy, 26, pp. 157–172.
Krivosheina, N.P. (1957) A contribution to the knowledge of the heleid fauna (Diptera, Heleidae) of the Oka flood-lands. Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie, 36, 418–435.
Laboulbène, A. (1869) Histoire des métamorphoses du Ceratopogon dufouri. Annales de la Société Entomologique de France, 9, 157–166.
Lenz, F. (1934) B. Die Metamorphose der heleidae. Heleidae (Ceratopogonidae). 13a. In: Lindner, E. (Ed.), Die Fliegen der palaearktischen Region. E. Schweizerbart’sche verlagsbuchhandlung, Stuttgart, pp. 95–133.
Lukasheva, N.B. (1987) Ksilofil’nye dvukrylye Severo–Zapadnogo Kavkaza. Akademiâ Nauk SSSR, Zoologičeskij Institut, Leningrad, 144 pp.
Macfie, J.W.S. (1943) Ceratopogonidae (Diptera) from Egypt. Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London, (B), 12, 145–159.
Mayer, K. (1934a) Die Metamorphose der Ceratopogonidae (Dipt.). Ein Beitrag zur Morphologie, Systematik, Ökologie und Biologie der Jugendstadien dieser Dipterenfamilie. Archiv für Naturgeschichte, 3, 205–288
Mayer, K. (1934b) Ceratopogoniden aus der Neumark. (Dipt.). Stettiner Entomologische Zeitung, 95, 290–294.
Mayer, K. (1937) Beitrag zur Kenntnis der deutschen Ceratopogoniden (Dipt.) IX. Stettiner Entomologische Zeitung, 98, 301–304.
Mayer, K. (1959) Zwei Dasyhelea-Arten aus spanischen Salzgärten (Dipt. Heleidae). Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift, 6, 96–99.
Meigen, J.W. (1804) Klassifikazion und Beschreibung der europäischen zweiflügeligen Insekten. (Diptera Linn.). Erster Band. Abtheilung I. Braunschweig, pp. 1–152.
Meigen, J.W. (1830) Systematische Beschreibung der bekannten europäischen zweiflügeligen Insekten. Sechster Theil, Hamm: Schulzische Buchhandlung, 404 pp.
Mik, J. (1888) Zur Biologie von Ceratopogon Meig., nebst Beschreibung einer neuen Art dieser Gattung. Wiener Entomologische Zeitung, 7, 183–192.
Münchberg, P. (1955) Zur Resistenz der Nematocerenlarven (Diptera) in den Phytotelmen von Dipsacus silvester Houdson. Zeitschrift für Morphologie und Ökologie der Tiere, 43, 387–396.
Munsterhjelm, G. (1920) Om Chironomidernas Äggläggning och Äggrupper. Acta Societatis pro fauna et flora fennica, 47, 1–174.
Navai, S. (1994) Biting midges of the genus Dasyhelea from Afghanistan, with descriptions of new species (Diptera, Ceratopogonidae). Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift, 41, 357–399.
Ohm, P., Remmert, H. (1955) Etudes sur les rockpools des Pyrénées-Orientales. Vie et Milieu, 6, 194–209.
Petersen, F.T., Achim, S. (2001) Ceratopogonidae. In: Petersen, F.T., Meier, R. (Eds), A preliminary list of the Diptera of Denmark. Steenstrupia, 26, 136–138.
Przhiboro, A.A. (1999) The quantitative characteristics of Diptera (Insecta) of the shallow littoral zone of small lakes in the North Karelia. Proceedings of the Zoological Institute RAS, 281, 129–134.
Przhiboro, A.A. (2004) Dipterans (Insecta: Diptera) inhabitinig the shallow water zone of lakes Pionerskoye and Pridorozhnoye and quantitative assessment of their abundance. In: Alimova, A.F., Ivanovoj, M.B. (Eds), Regularities of hydrobiological regime in water bodies of different types. Scientific World, Moscow, pp. 102–121.
Przhiboro, A.A. (2005) New data on Ceratopogonidae from lake shore habitats in NW Russia (Diptera). Zoosystematica Rossica, 14, 165–167.
Przhiboro, A.A., Brodskaya, N.K. (2006) Biting midges (Diptera, Ceratopogonidae) in Crimean saline lakes [in Russian]. I Russian Conference on Bloodsucking Insects, Saint-Petersburg, 24–27 Oct. 2006, pp. 180–182.
Ramos Ramis, D., Sahuquillo Herráiz, C. (1983) Primera description para la ciencia de la hembra de Dasyhelea (D.) bicrenata Kieffer, 1923 (Diptera, Ceratopogonidae). Revista Iberica de Parasitologia, 43, 421–422.
Remm, H. (1962) The genus Dasyhelea Kieffer in Estonia (Diptera, Heleidae). Tartu Riikliku Ülikodi Toimetised, 120, 108–133.
Remm, H. (1966) On the Lithuanian biting midges (Diptera, Heleidae). Tartu Riikliku Ülikodi Toimetised, 180, 53–71.
Remm, H. (1967) On the fauna of Ceratopogonidae (Diptera) in the Caucasus. Tartu Riikliku Ülikodi Toimetised, 194, 3–37.
Remm, H. (1969) Mokrecy. In: Opredelitel' nasekomyh Evropejskoj čiasti SSSR. Nauka, Leningrad, 5, pp. 201–218.
Remm, H. (1971) On the Fauna of Ceratopogondae of South Primorye (Ussuri Land). In: Živaja priroda Dal'nego Vostoka. Akademiia Nauk Estonkoi SSR, pp. 182–220.
Remm, H. (1972) New species of Ceratopogonidae (Diptera) from the South Siberia. Tartu Riikliku Ülikodi Toimetised, 293, 62–90.
Remm, H. (1973a) Ceratopogonidae. Ergebnisse der zoologischen Forschüngen von Dr. Z. Kaszab in der Mongolei (Diptera). Reichenbackia, 14, 171–186.
Remm, H. (1973b) Beiträge zur Ceratopogoniden-Fauna Ungarns (Diptera). Folia Entomologica Hungarica (Seria Nova) 26, supl., 349–357.
Remm, H. (1979) A catalogue of the Ceratopogonidae (Diptera) of the Estonian S.S.R.. Eesti NSV Teaduste Akadeemia Tartu, pp. 40–60.
Remm, H. (1980) New species of the family Ceratopogonidae (Diptera) from the Middle Asia. Tartu Riikliku Ülikodi Toimetised, 516, 85–128.
Remm, H. (1981) New synonyms and new names of the Palaearctic Ceratopogonidae (Diptera). Eesti NSV Teaduste Akadeemia Toimetised, 30, 27–32.
Remm, H. (1988) Family Ceratopogonidae. In: Soos, Á., Papp, L. (Eds), Catalogue of Palaearctic Diptera. Vol. 3. Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, pp. 11–110.
Remm, H. (1993) New species of Ceratopogonidae (Diptera) from the CIS. Izviestia Akademii Nauk Estonii, Biologia, 42, 180–200.
Remm, H., Nazarmuhamedov, N.A. (1969) New Heleidae species in lower course of the Amu Darya river. Uzbekskii Biologicheskii Zhurnal, 4, 54–58.
Remm, H., Zhogolev, D.T. (1968) Contributions to the fauna of biting-midges (Diptera, Ceratopogonidae) of the Crimea. Entomologičeskoe Obozrenie, 47, 826–842.
Remmert, H. (1953) Dasyhelea tecticola n. sp., eine Ceratopogonidae aus Regenrinnen (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Beiträg zur Entomologie, 3, 333–336.
Rieth, J.T. (1915) Die Metamorphose der Culicoidinen (Ceratopogoninen). Archiv fűr Hydrobiologie, Suppl., 2, 337–442.
Rondani, C. (1860) Sugl’insetti che concorrono alla fecondacione dei semi nelle aristolochie. Atti della Società Italiana di Scienze Naturali, 2, 133–135.
Sahuquillo Herráiz, C., Gil Collado, J. (1982) Ceratopogonidae (Diptera Nematocera) de Navarra. Revista de Sanidad e Higiene Publica, 56, 743–752.
Sannino, L., Espinosa, B. (2004) The ceratopogonid Dasyhelea tecticola Remmert (Diptera, Nematocera) new for Italy damages tobacco in seedbed. Informatore Fitopatologico, 3, 32–34.
Spătaru, P., Damian-Georgescu, A. (1970) Metamorfoza la Dasyhelea mayeri n. sp. şi Dasyhelea thienemanni n. sp. (Ceratopogonidae, Diptera). Studii şi Cercetari de Biologie, Seria Zoologie, 22, 421–431.
Storå, R. (1939) Mitteilungen über die Nematoceren Finnlands II. Notulae Entomologicae, 19, 16–30.
Strenzke, K. (1950) XI. Anhang. Dasyhelea lithotelmatica n. sp.. In: Thienemann, A. (Ed.), Lunzer Chironomiden. Ergebnisse von Untersuchungen der stehenden Gewässer des Lunzer Seengebietes (Niederösterreich). Archiv fűr Hydrobiologie, supl., 18, 178–187.
Strobl, B.G. (1906) Spanische Dipteren. II. Beitrag (1). Memorias de la Real Sociedad Espanola de Historia Natural, 3, 271–422.
Strobl, B.G. (1910) Die Dipteren von Steiermark. II Nachtrag. Mitteilungen des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereines für Steiermark, 46, (1909), 45–293.
Szadziewski, R. (1983) Flies (Diptera) of the saline habitats of Poland. Polish Journal of Entomology, 53, 31–76.
Szadziewski, R. (1985) A review of the Palaearctic Dasyhelea (Pseudoculicoides) species of the johannseni group, with a description of two new species (Diptera, Ceratopogonidae). Polish Journal of Entomology, 55, 79–98.
Szadziewski, R. (1986) Redescriptions and notes on some Ceratopogonidae (Diptera). Polish Journal of Entomology, 56, 3–103.
Szadziewski, R. (1991) Ceratopogonidae. In: Razowski, J. (Ed.), Wykaz zwierząt Polski 2, pp. 103–109.
Szadziewski, R. (1998) Ceratopogonidae. In: Merz, B., Bächli, G., Haenni, J.-P. & Gonseth, Y. (Eds), Diptera-checklist. Fauna Helvetica 1, pp. 102–104.
Szadziewski, R. (2001) Ceratopogonidae. In: Gutowski, M., Jaroszewicz, B. (Eds), Katalog fauny Puszczy Białowieskiej, pp. 272–273.
Szadziewski, R. (2007) Ceratopogonidae. In: Bogdanowicz, W., Chudzicka, E., Pilipiuk, I., Skibińska, E. (Eds), Fauna Polski – charakterystyka i wykaz gatunków. T.II, Muzeum i Instytut Zoologii PAN, pp. 28–29, 62–65.
Szadziewski, R., Borkent, A. (2003) New synonyms, combinations and records of biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Polish Journal of Entomology, 72, 249–260.
Szadziewski, R., Borkent, A. (2004) Ceratopogonidae. In: de Jong, H. (Ed.), Fauna Europaea: Diptera, Nematocera. http:// www.faunaeur.org
Szadziewski, R., Dominiak, P. (2006) New synonyms of European Ceratopogonidae (Diptera). Annales Zoologici, 56, 139–146.
Szadziewski, R., Gwizdalska, M., Dominiak, P. (2004) Nowe dla Polski gatunki kuczmanów (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Wiadomości Entomologiczne, 23, 120.
Szadziewski, R., Hagan, V.D. (2000) Two new species of biting midges from Norway (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Polish Journal of Entomology, 69, 459–464.
Thienemann, A. (1915) Zur Kenntnis der Salzwasser-Chironomiden. Archiv für Hydrobiologie, Suppl., 2, 443–482.
Thienemann, A. (1925) Dipteren aus den Salzgewässern von Oldesloe. Mitteilungen der Geographischen Gesellschaft und des Naturhistorischen Museums in Lubeck (2 Ser.), 31, 102–126.
Thienemann, A. (1928) Chironomiden-Metamorphosen I. Archiv für Hydrobiologie, 19, 585–623.
Thienemann, A. (1950) Lunzer Chironomiden. Ergebnisse von Untersuchungen der stehenden Gewässer des Lunzer Seengebietes (Niederösterreich). Archiv für Hydrobiologie, Suppl., 18, 1–202.
Thienemann, A. (1954) Chironomus. Leben, Verbreitung und Wirtschaftliche Bedeutung der. Chironomiden. Die Binnengewässer, 20, 1–834.
Thomsen, L.C. (1935) New species of New York State Ceratopogonidae. Journal of the New York Entomological Society, 43, 283–296.
Tokunaga, M. (1940) Biting midges from Japan and neighbouring countries, including Micronesian Islands, Manchuria, North China and Mongolia (Diptera, Ceratopogonidae). Tenthredo, 3, 101–165.
Tokunaga, M. (1963) Some Japanese biting midges breeding in paddy-field water (Diptera, Ceratopogonidae). Scientific Reports of the Kyoto Prefectural University, Agriculture, 15, 37–49.
Tóthová, A., Barták, M., Knoz, J. (2004a) Ceratopogonidae of the Bílina and Duchcov environs. In: Kubík, S, Barták, M. (Eds), Dipterologica Bohemoslovaca 11. Folia Facultatis Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Masarykianae Brunensis, Biologia, 109, 305–313.
Tóthová, A., Barták, M., Knoz, J. (2004b) Ceratopogonidae of Southern Moravia (NP Podyjí). In: Bitušik, P. (Ed.), Dipterologica Bohemoslovaca 12. Acta Facultatis Ecologiae, supl., 1, 143–148.
Tóthová, A., Knoz, J. (2006) A revised check-list of the biting midges (Diptera, Ceratopogonidae) of the Czech Republic and Slovakia. Studia dipterologica, 13, 103–114.
Tuzet, O., Ormiéres, R. (1964) Stylocystis riouxi n. sp. grégarine parasite de Dasyhelea lithotelmatica Strenzke 1951 (Diptera Ceratopogonidae). Bulletin de la Société Zoologique de France, 89, 163–166.
Vaillant, F. (1957) Deux Ceratopogonidae nouveaux de l’Algerie (Diptera). Bulletin des Travaux Publies par la de la Station d'Aquiculture et de Péche de Castiglione, (N.S.), 1958(9), 263–274.
Valkanov, A. (1941) Über das Auffinden von Anabiotischen Dipteren in Bulgarien. Godišnik na Sofijskija universitet, 37, 201–205.
Waugh, W.T., Wirth, W.W. (1976) A revision of the genus Dasyhelea Kieffer of the Eastern United States North of Florida (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 69, 219–247.
Wilkening, A.J., Kline, D.L. & Wirth, W.W. 1985. An annotated checklist of Ceratopogonidae (Diptera) of Florida with a new synonymy. Florida Entomologist, 68, 511–537.
Winnertz, J. (1852) Beitrag zur Kenntniss der Gattung Ceratopogon Meigen. Linnaea Entomologica, 6, 1–80.
Wirth, W.W, Marston, N. (1968) A method for mounting small insects on microscope slides in Canada balsam. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 61, 783–784.
Wirth, W.W. (1952) The Heleidae of California. University of California Publications in Entomology, 9, 95–266.
Wirth, W.W. (1976) New names for North American Ceratopogonidae (Diptera). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 78, 15.
Yu, Y.-X. (2008) Notes of a new species of Dasyhelea and new record of Stilobezzia (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Sichuan Journal of Zoology, 27, 165–166.
Yu, Y.-X., Liu, J.-H., Liu, G.-P., Liu, Z.-J., Hao, B.-S., Yan, G. & Zhao, T.-S. (2006) Ceratopogonidae of China, Insecta, Diptera. Vol. 1-2. Military Medical Science Press, Beijing [2005], 1699 pp.
Zavřel, J. (1935) Ze života v nejmenších tůňkách. Přiroda, Brno, 28, 1–4.
Zetterstedt, J.W. (1850) Diptera Scandinaviae. Disposita et descripta, 9, Lundae, 3367–3710.
Zilahi-Sebess, G. (1931) Anabiotische Dipteren. Archiv für Hydrobiologie, 23, 310–329.
Zilahi-Sebess, G. (1934) Beiträge zur Fliegenfauna Bulgariens. I. Chironomiden. Bulletin de la Société Entomologique de Bulgarie, 8, 152–158.
Zilahi-Sebess, G. (1936a) Die Heleiden-Fauna von Szeged und Umgebung. Acta Biologica (Szeged), 4, 35–49.
Zilahi-Sebess, G. (1936b) Über Heleiden des Balaton-Gebiets. Arbeiten des Ungarischen Biologischen Forschungs-Institutes, Tihany, 8, 196–206.
Zilahi-Sebess, G. (1940) Heleiden aus Ungarn. Folia Entomologica Hungarica, 5, 10–133.