Skip to main content Skip to main navigation menu Skip to site footer
Type: Articles
Published: 2005-07-15
Page range: 15–46
Abstract views: 100
PDF downloaded: 58

A review of the Scleractinia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) of Chile, with the description of two new species

Department of Invertebrate Zoology, National Museum of Natural History, W-329, Smithsonian Institution, P. O. Box 37012, Washington, D.C. 20560 , U.S.A.
Universität München, Department Biologie II, Karlstr. 23–25, 80333 München, Germany; Zoologische Staatssammlung München; Fundación Huinay; Germany
Universität München, Department Biologie II, Karlstr. 23–25, 80333 München, Germany; Zoologische Staatssammlung München; Fundación Huinay; Germany
Coelenterata Cnidaria Scleractinia azooxanthellate corals Chile Juan Fernández new species

Abstract

All records of the 23 scleractinian species known to occur off Chile are reviewed, including the first records of seven for this coastline. Two species are described as new: Caryophyllia huinayensis and Tethocyathus endesa. Additional specimens of 15 of the 23 species are reported. All Chilean species are azooxanthellate, some occurring as deep as 4195 m; only six species occur at SCUBA depth. Three species are reported for the Juan Fernández Islands. The Chilean scleractinian fauna is considered to be depauperate, consisting of only 3% of the known azooxanthellate species.

References

  1. Alcock, A. (1902) Diagnoses and descriptions of new species of corals from the Siboga expedition. Tijdschrift der Nederlandsche Dierkundige Vereeniging, (2)7, 89–115.

    Andrade, H. (1987) Distribucion batimetrica y geografica de macroinvertebrados del talud continental de Chile central. Ciencia y Technologia del Mar (Valparaiso, Chile), 11, 61–94. [not seen]

    Briggs, J.C. (1974) Marine Zoogeography. McGraw Hill, New York, 474 pp.

    Bonilla, H.R. & Pinon, G.C. (2002) Influence of temperature and nutrients on species richness of deep water corals from the western coast of the Americas. Hydrobiologia, 471: 35–41.

    Cairns, S.D. (1977) Deep-Water corals. Sea Frontiers, 23(2), 84–89, 9 figs.

    Cairns, S.D.(1979) The deep-water Scleractinia of the Caribbean and adjacent waters. Studies on the Fauna of Curaçao and Other Caribbean Islands, 57(180), 341 pp., 40 pls., 60 maps.

    Cairns, S.D. (1982) Antarctic and Subantarctic Scleractinia. Antarctic Research Series, 34(1), 74 pp., 18 pls., 14 maps.

    Cairns, S.D. (1989) A revision of the ahermatypic Scleractinia of the Philippine Islands and adjacent waters. Part 1: Fungiacyathidae, Micrabaciidae, Turbinoliinae, and Flabellidae. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 486, 136 pp., 42 pls.

    Cairns, S.D. (1991) A revision of the ahermatypic Scleractinia of the Galápagos and Cocos Islands. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 504, 32 pp., 12 pls.

    Cairns, S.D. (1994) Scleractinia of the temperate North Pacific. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 557, 150 pp., 42 pls., 3 figs.

    Cairns, S.D. (1995) The marine fauna of New Zealand, Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa). New Zealand Oceanographic Institute Memoir, 103, 210 pp., 44 pls., 22 maps.

    Cairns, S.D. (1998) Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) of Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum, 18, 361–417, 9 pls.

    Cairns, S.D. (1999) Species richness of Recent Scleractinia. Atoll Research Bulletin, 459,12 pp., 1 fig.

    Cairns, S.D. (2003) A new species of Sphenotrochus (Scleractinia, Turbinoliidae) from the Late Miocene (Tortonian) of Chile. Zoologische Verhandelingen, 345, 79–84, 2 figs.

    Cairns, S.D. (2004) The azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Coelenterata, Anthozoa) of Australia. Records of the Australian Museum, 56, 259–329, 12 figs.

    Cairns, S.D. & Zibrowius, H. (1997) Cnidaria Anthozoa, Azooxanthellate Scleractinia from the Philippine and Indonesian Regions. Mémoires du Muséum national d'Histoire Naturelle, 172(2), 27–243, 29 pls.

    Cairns, S.D., Hoeksema, B.W. & van der Land, J. (1999) Appendix, List of extant stony corals. Atoll Research Bulletin 459, 13–46.

    Chevalier, J.-P. (1971) Les Scléractiniaires de la Mélanésie Francaise, Part 1. Expédition Française sur les Récifes Coralliens de la Nouvelle-Calédoni, 5, 307 pp., 38 pls.

    Dana, J.D. (1846) Zoophytes. In: United States Exploring Expedition during the Years 1838, 1839, 1840, 1841, 1842 under the Command of Charles Wilkes, U.S.N., Lea & Blanchard, Philadelphia, volume 7, vi + 740 pp.

    Duchassaing, P. & Michelotti, J. (1864) Supplément au mèmoire sur les coralliaires des Antilles. Mémoires de l'Academie des Sciences de Turin, (2)23, 97–206, 11 pls.

    Duncan, P.M. (1873) A description of the Madreporaria dredged up during the expeditions of H.M.S. "Porcupine" in 1869 and 1870. Transactions of the Zoological Society of London, 8(5), 303–344, pls. 39–49.

    Durham, J.W. & Barnard, J.L. (1952) Stony corals of the eastern Pacific collected by the Velero III and Velero IV. Allan Hancock Pacific Expeditions, 16(1), 110 pp., 16 pls.

    Ellis, J. & Solander, D. (1786) The natural history of many curious and uncommon Zoophytes, collected from various parts of the globe. B. White & Son, London, xii + 206 pp.

    Esper, E.J.C. (1794) Fortsetzungen der Pflanzenthiere. Nürnberg. volume 1, part 1–2, 64 pp.

    Försterra, G. & Häussermann, V. (2001) Large assemblages of azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) in shallow waters of South Chilean fjords. In: 4th Annual Meeting of the Gesellschaft für Biologische Systematik, GfBS, Oldenburg, Germany, Terra Nostra 155. Oldenburg, Germany.

    Försterra, G., & Häussermann, V. (2003) First report on large scleractinian (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) accumulations in cold-temperate shallow water of south Chilean fjords. Zoologische Verhandelingen, 345, 117–128, 5 figs.

    Försterra, G., Beuck, L., Häussermann, V. & Freiwald, A. (2005): Shallow-water Desmophyllum dianthus (Scleractinia) from Chile: characteristics from the biocenoesis, the bioeroding community, heterotrophic interactions, and (palaeo)-bathymetric implications. In: Freiwald, A. & Roberts, J. M (Eds.), Cold-water corals and ecosystems. Springer Verlag, Berlin and Heidelberg, pp. 937–977.

    Fukami, H., Budd, A.F., Paulay, G., Solé-Cava, A.M., Chen, C.A., Iwao, K. & Knowlton, N. (2004) Conventional taxonomy obscures deep divergence between Pacific and Atlantic corals. Nature, 427, 832–835.

    Gardiner, J.S. (1939) Madreporarian corals, with an account of variation in Caryophyllia. Discovery Reports, 18, 323–338, pls. 20–21.

    Gay, C. (1854) Historia fisica y politica de Chile. Zoologia. published by author, Paris, volume 8.

    Häussermann, V., 2005 (Erratum). The sea anemone genus Actinostola Verrill, 1883: variability and utility of traditional taxonomic features; and a re-description of Actinostola chilensis McMurrich, 1904. Polar Biology, 28, 338–350, 5 pls.

    Keller, N.B. (1976) The deep-sea madreporarian corals of the genus Fungiacyathus from the Kurile-Kamchatka, Aleutian Trenches and other regions of the world oceans. Trudy Instituta Okeanologii, 99, 31–44, 3 pls. [in Russian, English translation deposited at Smithsonian].

    Keller, N.B. (1977) New species of the genus Leptopenus and some peculiarities of deep-sea ahermatypic corals. Trudy Instituta Okeanologii, 108, 37–43, 1 pl. [in Russian].

    Keller, N.B. (1981) The solitary madreporarian corals. In: Kuznetsov, A. P. & Mironov, A. N. (Ed) Benthos of the Submarine Mountains Marcus-Necker and adjacent Pacific Regions, P. P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Moscow, pp. 28–39, 2 pls.

    Keller, N.B. (1982) Some new data on madreporarian corals of the genus Deltocyathus. Trudy Instituta Okeanologii, 117, 47–58, 4 pls.

    Marenzeller, E. von (1904) Reports on dredging operations off the west coast of Central America to the Galapagos ... by the U. S. Fish Commission Steamer "Albatross" during 1891, Steinkorallen und Hydro-Korallen. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoölogy, Harvard, 43(2), 75–87, 3 pls.

    Milne Edwards, H., & Haime, J. (1848) Recherches sur les Polypiers, deuxième mémoire, Monographie des Turbinolides. Annales des Sciences Naturelles, Zoologie, (3)9, 211–344, pls. 7–10.

    Milne Edwards, H. & Haime, J. (1857) Histoire Naturelle des Coralliaires ou Polypes proprement dits. Roret, Paris, Volume 2, 633 pp.

    Moseley, H.N. (1876) Preliminary report to Professor Wyville Thomson ... on the true corals dredged by the H. M. S. "Challenger" in deep water between the dates Dec. 30th, 1870 and August 31st, 1875. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, 24, 544–569.

    Moseley, H.N. (1881) Report on certain hydroid, alcyonarian, and madreporarian corals procured during the voyage of H. M. S. Challenger, in the years 1873–1876. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger during the Years 1873–76, Zoology, 2, 248 pp., 32 pls. in three series, 17 figs.

    Philippi, R.A. (1887) Die Tertiären und Quatären Versteinerungen Chiles, Leipzig, 226 pp., 58 pls.

    Philippi, R.A. (1892) Los Zoofitos Chilenos. Anales del Museo Nacional de Chile (Zoolojía), 5–9, 2 pls.

    Piñón, G.C. (1999) Biogeografía de los corales ahermatípicos (Anthozoa, Scleractinia) en el Pacífico oriental. Thesis, Universidad Antónoma de Baja California Sur, La Paz, 84 pp.

    Risk, M.J., Heikoop, J.M., Snow, M.G. & Beukens, R. (2002) Lifespans and growth patterns of two deep-sea corals: Primnoa resedaeformis and Desmophyllum cristagalli. Hydrobiologia, 471, 125–131.

    Squires, D.F. (1961) Deep sea corals collected by the Lamont Geological Observatory. 2. Scotia Sea corals. American Museum Novitates, 2046, 48 pp., including 31 figs.

    Squires, D.F. (1969) Distribution of selected groups of marine invertebrates in waters south of 35×S latitude, Scleractinia. Antarctic Map Folio Series, 11, 15–18, pl. 6.

    Stanley, G.D. & Cairns, S.D. (1988) Constuctional azooxanthellate coral communities, an overview with implications for the fossil record. Palaios, 3, 233–242, 3 figs.

    Vaughan, T.W. (1906) Reports on the scientific results of the expedition to the eastern tropical Pacific ... by the U. S. Fish Commission steamer Albatross from October, 1904, to March, 1905. Part 6, Madreporaria. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard, 50(3), 61–72, 10 pls.

    Verrill, A.E. (1866) On the polyps and corals of Panama, with descriptions of new species. Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History, 12, 381–396.

    Verrill, A.E. (1870) Notes on Radiata in the Museum of Yale College, Number 6, Review of the corals and polyps of the west coast of America. Transactions of the Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences, 1, 503–558, pls. 4–10.

    Wells, J.W. (1936) The nomenclature and type species of some genera of Recent and fossil corals. American Journal of Science, (5)31(182), 97–134.

    Yabe, H., & Eguchi, M. (1936) Deep water corals from off Owasi, Mie Prefecture. Proceedings of the Imperial Academy of Japan, 16(6), 167–168, 3 figs.

    Zibrowius, H. (1980) Les Scléractiniares de la Méditeranée et de l’Atlantique Nord-Oriental. Memoires de l=Institut Océanographique, Monaco, 11: 284 pp., 107 pls.