Skip to main content Skip to main navigation menu Skip to site footer
Type: Article
Published: 2009-04-08
Page range: 59–68
Abstract views: 56
PDF downloaded: 2

Biflustra perambulata n. sp. (Cheilostomata: Bryozoa), a new alien species from Cochin Harbour, Kerala, India

Department of Marine Biology, Microbiology and Biochemistry, School of Marine Sciences, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi - 682016, Kerala, India
Emeritus Professor, School of Marine Sciences, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi - 682016, Kerala, India
Bryozoa Cheilostomata Membraniporidae Biflustra perambulata Biflustra grandicella new species alien species fouling Cochin harbour India

Abstract

During a study of the Bryozoa of Cochin Harbour, Biflustra perambulata n. sp. (Membraniporidae) was discovered at an oil-tanker berth. Two erect foliaceous and brittle colonies of the species were found attached to a wooden rack deployed to suspend test coupons to collect fouling bryozoans. The present record documents the recruitment to this harbour of a genus most naturally occurring in geographically distant localities. Insofar as a number of Biflustra species are known to be distributed via shipping to contiguous waters, the new species is interpreted to be an alien introduction, with a probable provenance from South-East Asia via a merchant vessel.

References

  1. Audouin, J.V. (1826) Explication sommaire des planches de polypes de l’Egypte et de la Syrie, publiées par Jules-César Savigny. In: Description de l’Egypte, ou receuil des observations et des recherches qui ont été faites en Egypte pendant l’Expedition de ‘Armée française ... Histoire naturelle. Vol. 1, Part 4. Paris, Imprimerie Impériale. 339 p.

    Bouchet, P. & Danrigal, F. (1982) Napoleon’s Egyptian campaign (1798–1801) and the Savigny collection of shells. The Nautilus, 96, 9–24.

    Busk, G. (1852) An account of the Polyzoa, and sertularian zoophytes, collected in the voyage of the Rattlesnake, on the coasts of Australia and the Louisiade Archipelago, &c. In: MacGillivray, J. (ed.), Narrative of the voyage of H.M.S. Rattlesnake, commanded by the late Captain Owen Stanley ... 1846–1850 ... London, T.W. Boone. Pp. 343–402, pl. 1 (Appendix No. IV).

    Canu, F. & Bassler, R.S. (1929) Bryozoa of the Philippine region. Bulletin, U.S National Museum, 100, i–xi, 1–685, pls 1–94.

    Carlton, J.T. (1985) Transoceanic and interoceanic dispersal of coastal marine organisms: the biology of ballast water. Oceanography and Marine Biology Annual Review, 23, 313–371.

    Grange, K.R. & Gordon, D.P. (2005) The spread and potential impact of the introduced bryozoan Biflustra grandicella. Final Research Report for Ministry of Fisheries Research Project ZBS2003-07 Objectives 1, 2, 3. Wellington, NIWA. 30 pp.

    Gordon, D.P. & Mawatari, S.F. (1992) Atlas of marine-fouling Bryozoa of New Zealand ports and harbours. New Zealand Oceanographic Institute Miscellaneous Publication, 107, 1–52.

    Gordon, D.P., Hossain, M.M. & Wood, T. (2007) The known and anticipated bryozoan fauna of Bangladesh. Journal of Taxonomy and Biodiversity, 1(2), 45–59.

    Gordon, D.P., Hosie, A.M. & Carter, M.C. (2008) Post-2000 detection of warm-water alien bryozoan species in New Zealand — the significance of recreational vessels. In: Hageman, S.J.; Key, M.M. Jr; Winston, J.E. (eds) Bryozoan Studies 2007. Virginia Museum of Natural History Special Publication 15: 37–48.

    Hondt, J.-L. d’ (2006) Nouvelles explications des Planches de “Polypes” de la Description de l’Égypte dessinées sous la direction de Jules-César Savigny, et commentées sommairement à l’origine par Victor Audouin. II – Bryozoaires (planches 6 à 13). Paris, Institut d’Orient. 86 pp.

    Levinsen, G.M.R. (1902) Studies on Bryozoa. Videnksabelige Meddelelser fra den naturhistoriske Forening i Kjøbenhavn, 54, 1–31.

    Liu, X. (1991) A study on the anascan-cribrimorphan bryozoans from Nansha Islands of China. Bulletin of the Marine Biology of Nansha Islands and Neighbouring Seas, 1, 56–81. [In Chinese with English Summary]

    Liu, X.-X. (1992) On the genus Membranipora (Anasca: Cheilostomata: Bryozoa) from south Chinese seas. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 40, 103–144.

    Liu, X. & Li, C. (1987) Six new species of bryozoans from the waters of Hong Kong and Zhu Jiang estuary. Journal of Oceanography of Taiwan Strait, 6, 53–68, 4 pls. [In Chinese with English summary]

    Liu, X., Yin, X. & Ma, J. (2001) Biology of Marine-Fouling Bryozoans in the Coastal Waters of China. Beijing, Science Press. 860 pp., 82 pls. [In Chinese with English Summary]

    Liu, X., Yin, X. & Xia, W. (1999) Significance of early astogeny of cheilostome bryozoans in their evolution. I. The characteristics of early astogeny of suborder Malacostegina (Membraniporidae and Electridae), with descriptions of a new genus and six new species. Studia Marina Sinica, 41, 128–167, pls 1–3. [In Chinese with English summary]

    Louis, S. (2007) Taxonomy, bionomics and biofouling of bryozoans from the coasts of India and the Antarctic waters. PhD thesis, Cochin University of Science and Technology, India. 297 pp.

    Menon, N.R. (1973) Vertical and horizontal distribution of fouling bryozoans in Cochin backwaters, southwest coast of India. In: Larwood, G.P. (ed.) Living and Fossil Bryozoa: Recent Advances in Research. London, Academic Press. Pp. 153–164.

    Menon, N.R. & Nair, N.B. (1967) Observations on the structure and ecology of Victorella pavida, Kent from the southwest coast of India. Hydrobiologia, 52, 237–256.

    Menon, N.R. & Nair, N.B. (1971) Ecology of fouling bryozoans in Cochin waters. Marine Biology, 8, 280–307.

    Menon, N.R. & Nair, N.B. (1972) The growth rates of four species of intertidal bryozoans in Cochin backwaters. Proceedings of the Indian National Science Academy, 38, 397–402.

    Menon, N.R. & Nair, N.B. (1974) On the nature of tolerance to salinity in two euryhaline intertidal bryozoans Victorella pavida Kent and Electra crustulenta Pallas. Proceedings of the Indian National Science Academy, 47, 414–424.

    Menon, N.R. & Nair, N.B. (1975) Indian species of Malacostega (Polyzoa, Ectoprocta). Journal of the Marine Biological association of India, 17, 553–579.

    Nair, N.B. (1962) Ecology of marine fouling and wood-boring organisms of western Norway. Sarsia, 8, 1–88.

    Nair, N.B. (1965) The seasonal settlement of marine wood boring animals at Cochin Harbour, South west coast of India. Hydrobiologia, 50, 411–420.

    Orbigny, A.D. d’ (1851–54) Bryozoaires. Paléontologie française. Description des Mollusques et Rayonnées fossils. Terrains crétacés, 5, 1–1192, pls 600–800.

    Ryland, J.S. (1965) Catalogue of Main Marine Fouling Organisms (found on ships coming into European waters). Volume 2 Polyzoa. Paris, OECD. 83 pp.

    Savigny, J.C. (1817) Description de l’Egypte, ou receuil des observations et des recherches qui ont été faites en Egypte pendant l’Expedition de ‘Armée française ... Histoire naturelle. Vol. 2, Planches. Paris, Imprimerie Royale. 125 pls.

    Scheltema, R.S. (1971) Larval dispersal as a means of genetic exchange between geographically separated populations of shallow-water benthic marine gastropods. Biological Bulletin, 140, 284–322.

    Soule, D.F. & Soule, J.D. (1977) Fouling and bioadhesion: life strategies of bryozoans. In: Woollacott, R.M. & Zimmer, R.L. (eds) Biology of Bryozoans. New York, Academic press. Pp. 437–457.

    Taylor, P.D. (1988) Major radiation of cheilostome bryozoans: triggered by the evolution of a new larval type? Historical Biology, 1, 45–64.

    Taylor, P.D. (2005) Bryozoans and palaeoenvironmental interpretation. Journal of the Palaeontological Society of India, 50(2), 1–11.

    Taylor, P.D. & Monks, N. (1997) A new cheilostome bryozoan genus pseudoplanktonic on mollusks and algae. Invertebrate Biology, 116, 39–51.

    Tilbrook, K.J. (2006) Cheilostomatous Bryozoa from the Solomon Islands. Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History Monograph, 4 (Studies in Biodiversity, 3), 1–385.

    Watts, P.C., Thorpe, J.P. & Taylor, P.D. (1998) Natural and anthropogenic dispersal mechanisms in the marine environment: a study using cheilostome Bryozoa. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, ser. B, 353, 453–464.

    Zhang, S. & Liu, X. (1995) A new species of Membranipora from the south Chinese seas (Bryozoa: Cheilostomata: Membraniporidae). Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica, 20, 133–136. [In Chinese with English summary]