Skip to main content Skip to main navigation menu Skip to site footer
Type: Articles
Published: 2011-11-29
Page range: 36–48
Abstract views: 41
PDF downloaded: 1

Three new species of Fergusonina Malloch gall-flies (Diptera: Fergusoninidae) from terminal leaf bud galls on Eucalyptus (Myrtaceae) in south-eastern Australia

CSIRO Ecosystem Sciences, Clunies Ross Street, Acton, ACT, Australia, 2601
Systematic Entomology Lab, USDA-ARS, 10300 Baltimore Av., Beltsville, MD 20705
CSIRO Ecosystem Sciences, Clunies Ross Street, Acton, ACT, Australia, 2601
Diptera Fergusonina Fergusoninidae mutualism nematode Eucalyptus

Abstract

Three new species of Fergusonina (Diptera: Fergusoninidae) flies are described from terminal leaf bud galls on Eucalyptus L'Hér. from south eastern Australia. Fergusonina omlandi Nelson and Yeates sp. nov. is the first species of fly from the genus Fergusonina to be described from the Eucalyptus pauciflora Sieb. ex Spreng. (Snow Gum) species complex; although another two species occur in sympatry on this host at higher elevations. Fergusonina omlandi sp. nov. can be distinguished from the latter by differences in adult size and markings on the mesonotum and morphology of the dorsal shield of the larva. The other new species, Fergusonina williamensis Nelson and Yeates sp. nov. and Fergusonina thornhilli Nelson and Yeates sp. nov. are the first flies to be described from Eucalyptus baxteri (Benth.) Maiden & Blakely and Eucalyptus dalrympleana Maiden, respectively. These two species can be distinguished from all other described Fergusonina by host specificity, adult colour and setation and morphology of the dorsal shield.

References

  1. Currie, G.A. (1937) Galls on Eucalyptus trees. A new type of association between flies and nematodes. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, 62, 147–174.

    Davies, K.A. & Giblin-Davis, R.M. (2004) The biology and associations of Fergusobia (Nematoda) from the Melaleuca leucadendra-complex in eastern Australia. Invertebrate Systematics, 18, 291–319.

    Davies, K.A., Giblin-Davis, R.M., Ye, W., Taylor, G.S. & Thomas, W.K. (2010a) Nematodes from galls on Myrtaceae. I. Fergusonia/Fergusonina galls on Corymbia spp., with re-description of F. magna and notes on its phylogenetic relationships. Zootaxa, 2634, 25–40.

    Davies, K.A., Ye, W., Giblin-Davis, R.M., Taylor, G.S., Scheffer, S.J. & Thomas, W.K. (2010b) The nematode genus Fergusobia (Nematoda: Neotylenchidae): molecular phylogeny, descriptions of clades and associated galls, host plants and Fergusonina fly larvae. Zootaxa, 2633, 1–66.

    Fisher, J.M. & Nickle, W.R. (1968) On the classification and life history of Fergusobia curriei (Sphaerulariidae: Nematoda). Proceedings of the Helminthological Society, 35, 40–46.

    Giblin-Davis, R.M. (1993) Interactions of nematodes with insects. In: Khan, M.W. (Ed), Nematode Interactions. Chapman & Hall, Inc., London, pp. 302–344.

    Giblin-Davis, R.M., Davies, K.A., Williams, D.S. & Center, T.D. (2001a) Cuticular changes in Fergusobia nematodes associated with parasitism of Fergusonina flies. Comparative Parasitology, 68, 242–248.

    Giblin-Davis, R.M., Makinson, J., Center, B.J., Davies, K.A., Purcell, M., Taylor, G.S., Scheffer, S.J., Goolsby, J. & Center, T.D. (2001b) Fergusobia/Fergusonina-induced shoot bud gall development on Melaleuca quinquenervia. Journal of Nematology, 33, 239–247.

    Giblin-Davis, R.M., Center, B.J., Purcell, M.F., Scheffer, S.J., Taylor, G.S., Goolsby, J.A. & Center, T. D. (2004a) Histological comparisons of Fergusobia/Fergusonina-induced galls on different Myrtaceous hosts. Journal of Nematology, 36, 249–262.

    Giblin-Davis, R.M., Davies, K.A., Taylor, G.S. & Thomas, W.K. (2004b) Entomophilic nematode models for studying biodiversity and cospeciation. In: Chen, Z. X., Chen, S. Y. & Dickson, D. W. (Eds), Nematology: advances and perspectives. Vol. 1: Nematode morphology, physiology and ecology. CABI Publishing, Wallingford, UK, pp. 493–540.

    Giblin-Davis, R.M., Scheffer, S.J., Davies, K.A., Taylor, G.S., Curole, J., Center, T.D., Goolsby, J.A. & Thomas, W.K. (2004c) Coevolution between Fergusobia and Fergusonina mutualists. Nematology Monographs and Perspectives, 2, 407–417.

    Goolsby, J.A., Makinson, J. & Purcell, M. (2000) Seasonal phenology of the gall-making fly Fergusonina sp. (Diptera: Fergusoninidae) and its implications for biological control of Melaleuca quinquenervia. Australian Journal of Entomology, 39, 336–343.

    Harris, K.M. (1982) First record of Fergusoninidae (Diptera: Schizophora) outside Australia: a new species of Fergusonina on Syzygium in India. Systematic Entomology, 7, 211–216.

    Ladiges, P. & Whiffin, T. (1993) Taxonomic Revision of Eucalyptus alpina and recognition of three new species, E. victoriana, E. serraensis and E. verrucosa. Australian Systematic Botany, 6, 365–370.

    Malloch, J.R. (1924) Notes on Australian Diptera, No. iii. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, 49, 329–338.

    McAlpine, J.F. (1981) Morphology and terminology—adults. In: McAlpine, J.F., Petersen, B.V., Shewell, G.E., Teskey, H.J., Vockeroth, J.R. & Wood, D.M. (Eds), Manual of Nearctic Diptera. Research Branch, Agriculture Canada, Monograph 27, Ottawa, pp. 9–63.

    Morgan, W.I. (1933) Flies and nematodes associated in flower bud galls of spotted gum. Agricultural Gazette of New South Wales, 44, 125–127.

    Nelson, L.A., Scheffer, S.J. & Yeates, D.K. (2011) Two new species of sympatric Fergusonina flies (Diptera: Fergusoninidae) from bud galls on high elevation snow gums (Eucalyptus pauciflora Sieb. ex Spreng. complex) in the Australian Alps. Australian Journal of Entomology, 50, 356–364.

    Scheffer, S.J., Giblin-Davis, R.M., Taylor, G.S., Davies, K.A., Purcell, M.F., Lewis, M.L., Goolsby, J.A. & Center, T.D. (2004) Phylogenetic relationships, species limits, and host specificity of gall-forming Fergusonina flies (Diptera: Fergusoninidae) feeding on Melaleuca (Myrtaceae) Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 97, 1216–1221.

    Siddiqi, M.R. (1986) A review of the genus Fergusobia Currie (Hexatylina) with descriptions of F. jambophila n. sp. and F. magna n. sp. In: Swarup, G. & Dasgupta, D.R. (Eds), Plant Parasitic Nematodes of India, Problems and Progress. Indian Agricultural Institute, New Delhi, pp. 264–278.

    Siddiqi, M.R. (1994) Fergusobia brevicauda, sp.n. and F. philippinensis, sp.n. (Nematoda: Hexatylina) from Eucalyptus deglupta. In: Proceedings of the Second Afro-Asian Nematology Symposium, 1822 December 1994. Afro-Asian Society of Nematologists, Cairo, Egypt, pp. 96–100.

    Slee, A.V., Brooker, M.I.H., Duffy, S.M. & West, J.G. (2006) EUCLID - Eucalypts of Australia, third edition. CD ROM. In. CSIRO Publishing, Melbourne.

    Taylor, G., Davies, K.A., Martin, N. & Crosby, T. (2007a) First record of Fergusonina (Diptera: Fergusoninidae) and associated Fergusobia (Tylenchida: Neotylenchidae) forming galls on Metrosideros (Myrtaceae) from New Zealand. Systematic Entomology, 32, 548–557.

    Taylor, G.S. (2004) Revision of Fergusonina Malloch gall flies (Diptera: Fergusoninidae) from Melaleuca (Myrtaceae). Invertebrate Systematics, 18, 251–290.

    Taylor, G.S., Head, E.R. & Davies, K.A. (2005) Gall flies (Diptera: Fergusoninidae) on Myrtaceae: a mutualistic association between flies and nematodes. In: Raman, A., Schaefer, C. W. & Withers, T.M. (Eds), Biology, Ecology, and Evolution of Gall-inducing Arthropods. Science Publishers, Inc., Plymouth, UK, pp. 634–671.

    Taylor, G.S., Davies, K.A., Martin, N. & Crosby, T. (2007b) First record of Fergusonina (Diptera: Fergusoninidae) and associated Fergusobia (Tylenchida: Neotylenchidae) forming galls on Metrosideros (Myrtaceae) from New Zealand. Systematic Entomology, 32, 548–557.

    Taylor, G.S. & Davies, K.A. (2008) New species of gall flies (Diptera: Fergusoninidae) and an associated nematode (Tylenchida: Neotylenchidae) from flower bud galls on Corymbia (Myrtaceae). Australian Journal of Entomology, 47, 336–349.

    Tonnoir, A.L. (1937) Revision of the genus Fergusonina Mall. (Diptera, Agromyzidae). Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, 62, 126–146.

    Whiffin, T. & Ladiges, P. (1992) Patterns of variation and relationships in the Eucalyptus Alpina-E. baxteri complex (Myrtaceae) based on leaf volatile oils. Australian Systematic Botany, 5, 695–709.

    Ye, W., Giblin-Davis, R.M., Davies, K.A., Purcell, M. F., Scheffer, S.J., Taylor, G. S., Center, B.J., Morris, K. & Thomas, W.K. (2007) Molecular phylogenetics and the evolution of host plant associations in the nematode genus Fergusobia (Tylenchida: Fergusobiinae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 45, 123–141.