Skip to main content Skip to main navigation menu Skip to site footer
Type: Articles
Published: 2013-03-19
Page range: 143–154
Abstract views: 58
PDF downloaded: 1

Three new species of Glossobalanus (Hemichordata: Enteropneusta: Ptychoderidae) from western North America

Sciences biologiques, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succ. Centre-ville, Montreal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada
Sciences biologiques, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succ. Centre-ville, Montreal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada
Hemichordata Enteropneusta acorn worms Ptychoderidae dichotomous key

Abstract

Twenty three enteropneust species have been described from the west coast of North America, including one species from the family Ptychoderidae, Glossobalanus berkeleyi from the Salish Sea, Vancouver Island. Here we use morphology to describe three additional species of acorn worms in the genus Glossobalanus: G. williami from Cape Arago, Oregon; G. hartmanae and G. barnharti fromLa Jolla,California. Notes on the habit and localization of each species as well as a dichotomous key to the genera of the family Ptychoderidae are provided.

References

  1. Benito, J. (1975a) Estudio histológico y ultrastructural de la pared del cuerpo de Glossobalanus minutus (Kowalewsky) (Enteropneusta). Boletín de la Real Sociedad Española de Historia Natural (Sección Biológica), 73, 207–228.

    Benito, J. (1975b) Estudio histoquímico de la epidermis de Glossobalanus minutus (Kowalewsky) (Ptychodera, Enteropneusta, Hemichordata). Boletín de la Real Sociedad Española de Historia Natural (Sección Biológica), 73, 229–235.

    Benito, J.; Fernández, I. & Pardos, F. (1993) Fine structure of the hepatic sacculations of Glossobalanus minutus (Enteropneusta, Hemichordata). Acta Zoologica (Stockholm), 74, 77–86.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1463-6395.1993.tb01224.x

    Benito J. & Pardos, F. (1997) Hemichordata. In: Harrison F.W. & Ruppert, E.E. (eds), Microscopic Anatomy of Invertebrates. Wiley-Liss, Inc., New York. Pp. 15–102.

    Cameron, C.B. (2002) The anatomy, life habits and later development of a new species of enteropneust, Harrimania planktophilus (Hemichordata: Harrimaniidae) from Barkley Sound. Biological Bulletin, 202, 182–191.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1543654

    Cameron, C.B. & Bishop, C.D. (2012) Biomineral ultrastructure, elemental constitution and genomic analysis of biomineralization-related proteins in hemichordates. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, B, 279, 3041–3048. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2012.0335

    Cameron, C.B., Deland, C. & Bullock, T.H. (2010) A taxonomic revision of the genus Saccoglossus (Hemichordata: Enteropneusta) with descriptions of five new species from the Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa, 3483, 1–22.

    Cameron, C.B. & Perez, M. (2012) Spengelidae (Hemichordata: Enteropneusta) from the Eastern Pacific including a new species, Schizocardium californicum, from California. Zootaxa, 3569, 79–88.

    Dawydoff, C. (1909) Beobachtungen über den Regenerationsprozess bei den Enteropneusten. Zeitschrift für Zellforschung, 93, 237–305.

    Dawydoff, C. (1948) Embranchement des Stomocordés. In: Grassé, P.P. (ed.), Traité de Zoologie. Tome 11, Échinodermes, Stomocordés, Protochordés. Masson et Cie, Paris. Pp. 367–449.

    Deland, C., Cameron, C.B., Bullock, T.H., Rao, K.P. & Ritter, W.E. (2010) A taxonomic revision of the family Harrimaniidae (Hemichordata: Enteropneusta) with descriptions of seven species from the Eastern Pacific. Zootaxa, 2408, 1–30.

    Ditadi, A.S.F., Mendes, E.G. & Bianconcini, M.S.C. (1997) Influence of body mass and environmental oxygen tension on the oxygen consumption rates of an enteropneust, Glossobalanus crozieri. Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research, 30, 1441–1444.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0100-879X1997001200010

    Harvey, E.N. (1922) Studies on bioluminescence. XIV. The specificity of luciferin and luciferase. Journal of General Physiology, 4, 285–295. http://dx.doi.org/10.1085/jgp.4.3.285

    Holland, N.D., Clague, D.A., Gordon, D.P., Gebruk, A., Pawson, D.L. & Vecchione, M. (2005) Lophenteropneust hypothesis refuted by collection and photos of new deep-sea hemichordates. Nature, 434, 374–376.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature03382

    Horst, C.J. van der (1939) Hemichordata. In: Bronn, H.G. (ed.), Klassen und Ordnungen des Tierreichs wissenschaftlich dargestellt in Wort und Bild. Akademische Verlagsgesellschaft, Leipzig. Vol. 4 (4), Buch 2, Tiel 2. 737 p.

    Jorge, F.B. de & Petersen, J.A. (1970) Biochemical studies in Glossobalanus crozieri (Ptychoderidae, Enteropneusta, Hemichordata). Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, 35, 245–249.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0010-406X(70)90927-8

    Osborn, K.J., Kuhnz, L.A., Priede, I.G., Urata, M., Gebruk, A.V. & Holland, N.D. (2012) Diversification of acorn worms (Hemichordata, Enteropneusta) revealed in the deep sea. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, B, 279, 1646–1654. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2011.1916

    Pardos, F. (1988) Fine structure and function of pharynx cilia in Glossobalanus minutuskowalewsky (Enteropneusta). Acta Zoologica (Stockholm), 69, 1–12.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1463-6395.1988.tb00895.x

    Pardos, F. & Benito, J. (1982) Estudio histológico de la faringe de Glossobalanus minutus (Enteropneusta, Ptychoderidae). Boletín de la Real Sociedad Española de Historia Natural (Sección Biológica), 80, 101–118.

    Pardos, F. & Benito, J. (1984) Blood circulatory system in the pharynx of an enteropneust Glossobalanus minutus (Ptychoderidae). Rivista di Biologia, 77, 69–85.

    Pardos, F. & Benito, J. (1988a) Blood vessels and related structures in the gill bars of Glossobalanus minutus (Enteropneusta). Acta Zoologica (Stockholm), 69, 87–94.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1463-6395.1988.tb00905.x

    Pardos, F. & Benito, J. (1988b) Ultrastructure of the branchial sacs of Glossobalanus minutus (Enteropneusta) with special reference to podocytes. Archives de Biologie (Bruxelles), 99, 351–363.

    Pardos, F. & Benito, J. (1989a) Ultrastructure of the pharynx of Glossobalanus minutus (Enteropneusta). I. Ciliated cells. Zeitschrift für mikroskopisch-anatomische Forschung, 103, 734–747.

    Pardos, F. & Benito, J. (1989b) Ultrastructure of the pharynx of Glossobalanus minutus (Enteropneusta). II. Secretory cells. Zeitschrift für mikroskopisch-anatomische Forschung, 103, 748–767.

    Pardos, F. & Benito, J. (1990) The main trunk vessels and blood components of Glossobalanus minutus (Enteropneusta). European Archives of Biology (Bruxelles), 101, 455–468.

    Petersen, J.A. & Ditadi, A.S.F. (1971a) Asexual reproduction in Glossobalanus crozieri (Ptychoderidae, Enteropneusta, Hemichordata). Marine Biology, 9, 78–85.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00348821

    Petersen, J.A. & Longhi, L. (1971b) Amino acid distribution in Glossobalanus (Ptychoderidae, Enteropneusta, Hemichordata). Annales d’Histochimie, 16, 323–327.

    Seavy, D.K. (1967) An introduction to the biology of Glossobalanus berkeleyi in southern Puget Sound. Masters Thesis. University of Puget Sound, Tacoma. 49 p.

    Willey, A. (1931) Glossobalanus berkeleyi, a new enteropneust from the West Coast. Proceedings and Transactions of the Royal Society of Canada, ser. 3 (5), (Biological Sciences), 25, 19–28.

    Woodwick, K.H. (1955) A list of Enteropneusta identified from samples of the benthos from San Pedro Basin, California. In: Hartman, O. (ed.) Quantitative survey of the benthos of San Pedro Basin, Southern California. Allan Hancock Pacific Expeditions, 19, 166–167.

    Worsaae, K., Sterrer, W., Kaul-Strehlow, S., Hay-Schmidt, A. & Giribet, G. (2012) An anatomical description of a miniaturized acorn worm (Hemichordata, Enteropneusta) with asexual reproduction by paratomy. PLoS ONE, 7(11), e48529.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0048529