Abstract
The taxonomy of Neotropical species of Stauropoctonus is reviewed, with redescriptions of S. bicarinatus and S. excarinatus, the description of four new Brazilian species, S. amazonensis sp. n., S. leotacilioi sp. n., S. michelle sp. n., and S. rectus sp. n., and for the first time with a detailed study of the male genitalia of the genus. Additionally, we provide a key to the world Stauropoctonus species.