Abstract
Sixty-five ostracode species belonging to 41 genera and 17 families were recorded in the outer shelf and upper slope off Rio Grande do Sul and Santa Catarina states, southernmost Brazil, between 100 and 586 m water depth interval. The ostracode occurrences are hypothesized to be influenced by both, the coastal waters and the Antarctic Intermediate Water (AAIW). The taxonomy of some species of Bradleya Hornibrook, 1952, Legitimocythere Coles & Whatley, 1989 and Henryhowella Puri, 1957 previously described in the same study area is revised. Bradleya gaucha sp. nov., Legitimocythere megapotamica sp. nov., Apatihowella acelos sp. nov., Apatihowella capitulum sp. nov., Apatihowella besnardi sp. nov., Apatihowella convexa sp. nov., and Aversovalva tomcronini sp. nov. are herein proposed. Trachyleberis aorata Bergue & Coimbra, 2008 is reassigned to the genus Legitimocythere and Bradleya pseudonormani Ramos et al., 2009 has its diagnosis emended. Bythocypris praerenis Brandão, 2008 is considered a junior synonym of Bythocypris kyamos Whatley et al., 1998a. Apatihowella Jellinek & Swanson, 2003 and Legitimocythere species have well-defined bathymetric distributions and are potential paleoceanographic markers for the Quaternary in the Southern Brazilian Margin.
References
Aiello, G., Coimbra, J.C. & Barra, D. (2004) Ruggiericythere, a new shallow marine ostracod genus from Brazil. Bolletino della Società Paleontologica Italiana, 43, 71–90.
Ayress, M.A., De Deckker, P. & Coles, G.P. (2004) A taxonomic and distributional survey of marine benthonic Ostracoda from Kerguellen and Heard Islands, South Indian Ocean. Journal of Micropaleontology, 23, 15–38.
http://dx.doi.org./10.1144/jm.23.1.15Benson, R.H. (1964) Recent Cytheracean ostracodes from McMurdo Sound and the Ross Sea, Antarctica. The University of Kansas Paleontological Contributions, 6, 1–36.
Bergue, C.T. & Coimbra, J.C. (2008) Late Pleistocene and Holocene bathyal ostracodes from the Santos Basin, southeastern Brazil. Palaeontographica Abteilung A, 285, 101–144.
Bergue, C.T., Coimbra, J.C. & Cronin, T.M. (2007) Cytherellid species (Ostracoda) and their significance to the Late Quaternary events in the Santos Basin, Brazil. Senckenbergiana Maritima, 37, 5–12.
Bergue, C.T., Costa, K.B., Dwyer, G. & Moura, C. (2006) Bathyal ostracode diversity in the Santos Basin, Brazilian southeast margin: response to Late Quaternary climate changes: Revista Brasileira de Paleontologia, 9, 201–210.
Bold, W. van den (1946) Contribution to the study of Ostracoda with special reference to the Cretaceous and Tertiary microfauna of the Caribbean region. PhD Thesis, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 67 pp.
Bornemann, J.G. (1855) Die mikroskopische Fauna des Septarienthones von Hermsdorf bei Berlin. Zeitschrift der Deutschen geologischen Gesellschaft, 7, 307–371.
Brady, G. (1880) The Voyage of HMS Challenger. Zoology. Report on the Ostracoda dredged by H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873–1876, 1880, 1–184.
Brandão, S.N. (2008) New species of Bairdioidea (Crustacea, Ostracoda) from the Southern Ocean and discussions on Bairdoppilata simplex (Brady, 1880), ?Bairdoppilata labiata (Müller, 1808) and Bythopussela aculeata (Müller, 1908). Zootaxa, 1866, 373–452.
Brandão, S.N. (2010) Macrocyprididae (Ostracoda) from the Southern Ocean: taxonomic revision, macroecological patterns, and biogeographical implications. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 159, 567–672.
http://dx.doi.org./10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00624.xBrandão, S.N. (2013) Challenging cosmopolitanism in the deep sea: The case of “Cythere acanthoderma Brady, 1880” (Crustacea, Ostracoda). Revue de Micropaleontologie, 56, 2–19.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.revmic.2012.11.001
Brandão, S.N., Yasuhara, M., Irizuki, T. & Horne, D.J. (2013) The ostracode genus Trachyleberis (Crustacea; Ostracoda) and its type species. Marine Biodiversity, 43, 363–405.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12526
Castro, B.M., Lorenzzetti, J.A., Silveira, I.C. & Miranda, L.B. (2006) Estrutura termohalina na região entre o Cabo de São Tomé (RJ) e o Chuí (RS). In: Rossi-Wongtchowski, C.L.B. & Madureira, L.S.-P. (Eds.), O ambiente oceanográfico da plataforma continental e do talude na região sudeste-sul do Brasil. Edusp, São Paulo, pp. 11–120.
Ciampo, G. (1986) Ostracodi del limite Tortoniano/Messiniano in alcune sezioni italiane. Bolletino della Società Paleontologica Italiana, 24, 29–110.
Ciampo, G. (1988) Nuove specie di ostracodi pliocenici dela Calabria ionica. Bolletino della Societá Paleontologica Italiana, 27, 307–321.
Coimbra, J.C., Ramos, M.I.F.R., Whatley, R.C. & Bergue, C.T. (2004) The taxonomy and zoogeography of the Family Trachyleberididae (Crustacea: Ostracoda) from the Equatorial Continental Shelf of Brazil. Marine Micropalaeontology, 23, 107–118.
Coles, G., Whatley, R.C. & Moguilevsky, A. (1994) The ostracode genus Krithe from the Tertiary and Quaternary of the North Atlantic. Palaeontology, 37, 71–120.
Cronin, T.M. (1983) Bathyal ostracodes from the Florida-Hatteras slope, the Straits of Florida, and the Blake Plateau. Journal of Micropalaeontology, 8, 89–119.
Dingle, R.V. (2003) Recent subantarctic benthic ostracod faunas from the Marion and Prince Edward Islands archipelago, Southern Ocean. Revista Española de Micropaleontología, 35, 119–155.
Dingle, R.V., Lord, A. & Boomer, I. (1990) Deep-water Quaternary Ostracoda from the continental margin off South-western Africa (SE Atlantic Ocean). Annals of the South African Museum, 99, 245–366.
Do Carmo, D.A. & Sanguinetti, Y.T. (1999) Taxonomy and palaeoceanographical significance of the genus Krithe (Ostracoda) in the Brazilian margin. Journal of Micropalaeontology, 18, 111–123.
Drozinski, N.G.S., Coimbra, J.C., Carreño, A.L. & Bergue, C.T. (2003) Ostracoda cool water masses indicators from the Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil—a first approach. Revista Brasileira de Paleontologia, 5, 59–71.
Hao, Y.C. (1988) Systematic description of microfossils. 2. Ostracoda. In: Ruan, P.H. & Hao, Y.C. (Eds.), Quaternary microbiotas in the Okinawa trough and their geological significance. Geological Publishing House, Beijing, pp. 227–395.
Hunt, G. (2007) Morphology, ontogeny, and phylogenetics of the genus Poseidonamicus (Ostracoda: Thaerocytherinae). Journal of Paleontology, 81, 607–631.
ICZN (1999) International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. Available from: http://iczn.org/iczn/index.jsp (accessed 5 January 2016)
Jellinek, T. & Swanson, K.M. (2003) Report on the taxonomy, biogeography and phylogeny of mostly living benthic Ostracoda (Crustacea) from deep-sea samples (Intermediate Water depths) from the Challenger Plateau (Tasman Sea) and Campbell Plateau (Southern Ocean), New Zealand. Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft, 558, 1–329.
Liebau, A. (2005) A revised classification of the higher taxa of the Ostracoda (Crustacea): Hydrobiologia, 538, 115–137.
http://dx.doi.org./10.1007/sl0750-004-4943-7.
Machado, C.P. & Drozinski, N.G.S. (2002) Taxonomia e distribuição de Actinocythereis brasiliensis sp. nov. (Podocopida, Trachyleberididae) na plataforma continental brasileira. Iheringia Série Zoologia, 92, 5–12.
Machado, C.P., Coimbra, J.C. & Carreño, A.L. (2005) The ecological and zoogeographical significance of the sub-Recent Ostracoda off Cabo Frio, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. Marine Micropaleontology, 55, 235–253.
Mazzini, I. (2005) Taxonomy, biogeography and ecology of Quaternary benthic Ostracoda (Crustacea) from circumpolar deep water of the Emerald Basin (Southern Ocean) and the S Tasman Rise (Tasman Sea). Senckenbergiana Maritima 35, 1–119.
Morkhoven, F.P.C.M. (1963) Post Palaeozoic Ostracoda: their morphology, taxonomy and economic use. Vol. 1 & 2. Elsevier, Amsterdam, 2 vol., 478 pp.
Puri, H. (1957) Henryhowella, a new name for Howella Puri, 1956. Journal of Paleontology, 31, 982.
Purper, I. & Ornellas, L.P. (1989) New species of Paracytheridea (Ostracoda) in the Brazilian continental shelf. 11 Congresso Brasileiro de Paleontologia, Anais, 1, 721–732.
Ramos, M.I.F., Coimbra, J.C., Whatley, R.C. & Moguilevsky, A. (1999) Taxonomy and ecology of the family Cytheruridae (Ostracoda) in recent sediments from the northern Rio de Janeiro coast, Brazil. Journal of Micropalaeontology, 18, 1–16.
Ramos, M.I.F., Coimbra, J.C. & Whatley, R.C. (2009) The family Thaerocytheridae Hazel, 1967 (Ostracoda) from the southern Brazilian continental shelf. Ameghiniana, 46, 285–294.
Ramos, M.I.F., Whatley, R.C. & Coimbra, J.C. (2004) Sub-Recent marine Ostracoda (Pontocyprididae and Bairdiidae) from the southern Brazilian continental shelf. Revista Brasileira de Paleontologia, 7, 311–318.
Ramos, M.I.F., Coimbra, J.C., Bergue, C.T. & Whatley, R.C. (2012) Recent ostracods (Family Trachyleberididae) from the Southern Brazilian Continental shelf. Ameghiniana, 49, 3–46.
Sanguinetti, Y.T., Ornellas, L.P. & Coimbra, J.C. (1991) Post Miocene ostracodes from Pelotas Basin, Southern Brazil. Taxonomy—Part I. Pesquisas, 18, 138–155.
Vicalvi, M.A., Kotzian, S.C.B. & Forti-Esteves, I.R. (1977) A ocorrência de microfauna estuarina no Quaternário da plataforma continental de São Paulo. In: Projeto REMAC—Reconhecimento Global da Margem Continental Brasileira. PETROBRAS, CENPES, DINTEP, 2, pp. 77–96.
Whatley, R.C.& Coles, G. (1987) The Late Miocene to Quaternary Ostracoda of Leg 94, Deep Sea Drilling Project. Revista Espanõla de Micropaleontología, 19, 33–97.
Whatley, R.C., Chadwick, J., Coxill, D. & Toy, N. (1988) The ostracod Family Cytheruridae from the Antarctic and southwest Atlantic. Revista Española de Micropaleontología, 20, 171–203.
Whatley, R.C., Moguilevsky, A., Ramos, M.I.F. & Coxill, D.J. (1998b) Recent deep and shallow water Ostracoda from the Antarctic Peninsula and Scotia Sea. Revista Espanõla de Micropaleontología, 30, 111–135.
Whatley, R.C., Staunton, M., Kaesler, R.L., Moguilevsky, A. (1996) The taxonomy of Recent Ostracoda from the southern part of the Strait of Magellan. Revista Española de Micropaleontología, 28, 51–76.
Whatley, R.C., Moguilevsky, A., Chadwick, J., Toy, N. & Ramos, M.I.F. (1997) Ostracoda from the south west Atlantic. Part II. The littoral fauna from between Tierra del Fuego and the Río de la Plata. Revista Española de Micropaleontología, 29, 5–83.
Whatley, R.C., Moguilevsky, A., Chadwick, J., Toy, N. & Ramos, M.I.F. (1998a) Ostracoda from the west Atlantic Part III. The Argentinian, Uruguayan and Southern Brazilian continental shelf. Revista Española de Micropaleontología, 30, 89–116.
Yasuhara, M., Okahashi, H. & Cronin, T.M. (2009) Taxonomy of Quaternary deep-sea ostracods from the western North Atlantic Ocean. Palaeontology, 52, 879–931.
http://dx.doi.org./10.111/j.1475-4983.2009.00888.xYasuhara, M., Kato, M., Ikeya, N. & Seto, K. (2007) Modern benthic ostracodes from Lützow-Holm Bay, East Antarctica: paleoceanographic, paleobiogeographic, and evolutionary significance. Micropaleontology, 53, 469–496.