<p class="HeadingRunIn"><strong>Blackflies (Diptera: Simuliidae) in Croatia: species richness, distribution and relationship to surrounding countries</strong></p>

MARIJA IVKOVIĆ; MATUŠ KÚDELA; TATIANA KÚDELOVÁ

doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4109.1.2

Issue: Vol. 4109 No. 1: 5 May 2016

Type: Article

Published: 2016-05-05

DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4109.1.2

Page range: 16–30

Abstract views: 103

PDF downloaded: 1

Blackflies (Diptera: Simuliidae) in Croatia: species richness, distribution and relationship to surrounding countries

MARIJA IVKOVIĆ⁺⁻
MATUŠ KÚDELA⁺⁻
TATIANA KÚDELOVÁ⁺⁻

Division of Zoology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Rooseveltov trg 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia

Department of Zoology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkovičova 6, SK-84215 Bratislava, Slovakia

Prosimulium Simulium species list ecoregions Palearctic Croatia Diptera

Requires Subscription or Fee PDF (1MB)

Abstract

All records of blackflies (Simuliidae) from the territory of Croatia are summarized, including previously unpublished data. The blackfly fauna of Croatia consists of 28 species. Simulium (Nevermannia) angustitarse (Lundström), Simulium (Nevermannia) cryophilum (Rubtsov) complex, Simulium (Nevermannia) lundstromi (Enderlein), Simulium (Nevermannia) vernum Macquart complex, Simulium (Simulium) argyreatum Meigen, Simulium (Simulium) bezzii (Corti) complex, Simulium paraequinum Puri and Simulium pseudequinum Séguy are reported for the first time from Croatia. Information related to the ecoregions, in which species were found and specific species traits are given. Genus Prosimulium Roubaud is represented by one species only. Genus Simulium Latreille is represented by 27 species in six subgenera, with subgenus Simulium Latreille s. str. being most species rich (13 species) and subgenera Boophthora Enderlein and Trichodagmia Enderlein represented each by only one species. Compared to the neighboring countries, the Croatian species assemblage is most similar to the fauna of Slovenia and least similar to that of Italy. The relatively low number of species, presence of several species complexes and unclear identity of other species show that further research of blackflies in Croatia is needed.

References

Adler, P.H. & Kuusela, K. (1994) Cytological identities of Simulium tuberosum and S. vulgare (Diptera: Simuliidae), with notes on other Palearctic members of the S. tuberosum species-group. Insect Systematics & Evolution, 25, 439–446.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187631294X00207
Adler, P.H., Currie, D.C. & Wood, D.M. (2004) The Black Flies (Simuliidae) of North America. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY, 941 pp.
Adler, P.H. & Crosskey, R.W. (2009) World blackflies (Diptera, Simuliidae): a fully revised edition of the taxonomic and geographical inventory. Available from: http://blackflies.info/sites/blackflies.info/files/u13/SIMULIIDAE_INVENTORY
__NEW_VERSION_ 2009.pdf (accessed 22 May 2014)
Adler, P.H. & Crosskey, R.W. (2015) World Blackflies (Diptera: Simuliidae): a comprehensive revision of the taxonomic and geographical inventory. Available from: http://entweb.clemson.edu/biomia/pdfs/blackflyinventory.pdf (accessed 15 October 2015)
Adler, P.H., Cherairia, M., Farigue, S.F., Samrauo, B. & Belqat, B. (2015) Cryptic biodiversity in the cytogenome of bird-biting blackflies in North Africa. Medical and Veterinary Entomology, 29, 276–289.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/mve.12115
Adler, P.H., Kúdelová, T. Kúdela, M, Seitz, G. & Ignjatović-Ćupina, A. (2016) Cryptic Biodiversity and the origins of pest status revealed in the macrogenome of Simulium colombaschense (Diptera: Simuliidae), history’s most destructive black fly. PLOS ONE. [Published online]
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0147673
Baranov, N.I. (1937) K poznavanju golubačke mušice V. (Studij epidemiologije golubačke mušice na invaziji g. 1936). Veterinarski Arhiv, 7, 229–276.
Baranov, N.I. (1942) Boophthora argyreata Mg. U okolini Zagreba. Veterinarski Arhiv, 12, 209–2011.
Carlsson, G. (1962) Studies on Scandinavian black flies (Fam. Simuliidae Latr.). Opuscula Entomologica, 21 (Supplement), 1–280.
Clarke, K.R. & Gorley, R.N. (2006) PRIMER v6: user manual/tutorial. Primer-E Ltd, Plymouth.
Corti, E. (1914) Le simulie Italiane. Atti della Societa Italiana di Scienze Naturali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano, 53, 192–206.
Crosskey, R.W. (1990) The Natural History of Black Flies. John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, 711 pp.
Crosskey, R.W. & Malicky, H. (2001) A first account of the blackflies (Diptera, Simuliidae) of the Greek islands. Studia Dipterologica, 8, 111–141.
Curtis, J. (1839) British Entomology; being illustrations and descriptions of the genera of insects found in Great Britain and Ireland: containing coloured figures from nature of the most rare and beautiful species, and in many instances of the plants upon which they are found, vol. 16. Richard and John E, Taylor, London, pp. 722–769.
Day, J.C., Mustapha, M. & Post, R.J. (2010) The subgenus Eusimulium (Diptera: Simuliidae: Simulium) in Britain. Aquatic Insects, 32, 281–292.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01650424.2010.533130
De Geer, C. (1776) Mémoires pour servir à l’histoire des insectes 6. Grefing, Stockholm, 523 pp.
DeWalt, E.R., Cao, Y., Tweddale, T., Grubbs, S.A., Hinz, L., Pessino, M. & Robinson, J.L. (2012) Ohio USA stoneflies (Insecta, Plecoptera): species richness estimation, distribution of functional niche traits, drainage affiliations, and relationships to other states. Zookeys, 178, 1–26.
http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.178.2616
Edwards, F.W. (1915) On the British species of Simulium. I. The adults. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 6, 23–42.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0007485300043364
Enderlein, G. (1921) Neue paläarktische Simuliidaen. Sitzungsberichte der Gesellschaft naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin, 1921, 212–224.
Enderlein, G. (1922) Weitere Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Simuliidae. Konowia, 1, 67–76.
Enderlein, G. (1924) Weitere Beitäge zur Kenntnis der Simuliiden und Verbreitung. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 61, 285–286.
Friederichs, K. (1920) Neues über Kribbelmücken. Berliner und Münchener Tierärztliche Wochenschrift, 36, 567–569.
Illies, J. (1978) Limnofauna Europaea. A checklist of the Animals inhabiting European Inland Waters, with Account of their Distribution and Ecology. G. Fischer, Stuttgart and Swets & Zeitlinger, Amsterdam, 532 pp.
Ivković, M., Kesić, M. & Stloukalová, V. (2012) Contribution to the knowledge of black fly (Diptera, Simuliidae) fauna at Plitvice lakes National Park. Natura Croatica, 21, 263–268.
Ivković, M, Gračan, R. & Horvat, B. (2013) Croatian aquatic dance flies (Diptera: Empididae: Clinocerinae and Hemerodromiinae): species diversity, distribution and relationship to surrounding countries. Zootaxa, 3686, 255–276.
http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3686.2.7
Ivković, M., Kesić, M., Mihaljević, Z. & Kúdela, M. (2014) Emergence patterns and ecological preferences of hematophagous black flies along oligotrophic hydrosystem. Medical and Veterinary Entomology, 28, 94–102.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/mve.12019
Jedlička, L., Kúdela, M. & Stloukalová, V. (2004) Key to the identification of blackfly pupae (Diptera: Simuliidae) of Central Europe. Biologia, Bratislava, 59 (Supplement), 157–178.
Jedlička, L. & Seitz, G. (2008) Black flies of the River Danube (Diptera, Simuliidae). Lauterbornia, 62, 93–119.
Knoz, J. (1965) To identification of Czechoslovakian blackflies (Diptera, Simuliidae). Folia Facultatis Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Purkynianae Brunensis, Biologia, 5, 1–54.
Kúdela, M., Brúderová, T., Jedlička, L., Bernotienė, R., Celec, P. & Szemes, T. (2014) The identity and genetic characterization of Simulium reptans (Diptera: Simuliidae) from central and northern Europe. Zootaxa, 3802, 301–317.
http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3802.3.1
Lechthaler, W. & Car, M. (2004) Biological Indicators: Simuliidae. Key to larvae and Pupae from Central and Western Europe. CD-ROM, W. Lechthaler, Wien.
Leonhardt, K.G. (1985) A cytological study of species in the Eusimulium aureum group (Diptera: Simuliidae). Canadian Journal of Zoology, 63, 2043–2061.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z85-301
Linnaeus, C. (1758) Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum caracteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. 10^th ed. Stockholm, Sweden, 824 pp.
Lundström, C. (1911) Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Dipteren Finlands. VII. Melusinidae (Simuliidae). Acta Societatis pro Fauna et Flora Fennica, 34 (Part 12), 1–23 + 1 plate.
Macquart, J. (1826) Insectes diptères du Nord de la France. Tipulaires. Recueil des Travaux de la Société d’Amateurs des Sciences, de l’Agriculture et des Arts, de Lille. 1823–1824, 59–224 + 4 plates.
Meigen, J.W. (1804) Klassifikazion und beschreibung der europäischen zweiflügeligen Insekten (Diptera Linn.). Erster Band. K Reichard, Braunschweig, Germany, 314 pp. + 15 plates.
Meigen, J.W. (1818) Systematische Beschreibung der bekannten europäischen zweiflügeligen Insecten 1. Forstmann, Aachen, Germany, 332 pp.
Meigen, J.W. (1838) Systematische Beschreibung der bekannten europäischen zweiflügeligen Insecten 7 (supplementary volume). Schulz, Hamm, Germany. 434 pp. + 8 plates.
Mikačić, D. (1946) Une invasion des Simuliides en Croatie. Veterinarski Arhiv, 16, 29–31.
Puri, I. M. (1933) Studies on Indian Simuliidae. Part IX. S. equinum var. mediterraneum Puri and S. paraequinum sp. n. Indian Journal of Medical Research, 21, 11–16.
Rivosecchi, L. & Lipparoni, L. (1965) Contributo alla conoscenza dei Simulidi Italiani XI: Alcune specie nuove per la fauna Italiana. Rivista di Parassitologia, 26, 31–44.
Rivosecchi, L. (1978) Simuliidae (Diptera, Nematocera). Fauna d'Italia, Vol. XIII, Edizioni Calderini, Bologna, 553 pp.
Rivosecchi, L., Addonisio, M. & Maiolini, B. (2007) I Diptteri Simulidi nouve chiavi dicotomiche per l’identificazione delle specie italiane con brevi note bio-tassonomiche. Quaderni del Museo Tridentino di Scienze Naturali, 2, Trento, 148 pp.
Rubtsov, I.A. (1959–1964) Simuliidae (Melusinidae). In: Lindner, E. (Ed), Die Fliegen der Palaearktischen Region, 14. Simuliidae (Melusinidae), E. Schweizerbart’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung (Erwin Nägele), Stuttgart, pp. 1–689.
Rubtsov, I.A. (1990) Blackflies (Simuliidae), Second Edition. In: Pavlovskii, E.N. (Ed), Fauna of the USSR, Diptera, Volume 6, Part 6, E. J. Brill, Leiden, New York, København, Köln, pp. 1–1042.
Santos Abreu, E. (1922) Monografía de los Melusinidos de las Islas Canarias. Memorias de la Real Academia de Ciencias y Artes de Barcelona, 17, 295–339.
Scopoli, J.A. (1780) Zwölfter Brief. Über eine Gattung schädlicher Insecten, die man die kolombaschischen Mücken nennt, welche unter den Ochsen, Schafen, Zeigen. Schweinen und Pferden in Serviert, dem Temeswarer Bannat, und der abendländischen Wallachen großen Schaden anrichten. In: Griselini, F. (Ed.), Versuch einer politischen und natürlichen Geschichte des Temeswarer Bannats in Briefen an Standespersonen und Gelehrte. Zweyter Theil. Johann Paul Krauss, Wien, Austria, pp. 123–135.
Séguy, E. (1921) Faune entomologique des Îles Canaries. Séjour de M. P. Lesne dans la Grande Canarie (1902–03). II. Diptères piqueurs. Bulletin du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle Paris, 27, 291–295.
Sherban [Șerban], E.N (1960) Contribution à l’étude des Simulies de la République Populaire Roumaine. II. Simulium voilensis n. sp. Revue de Biologie, 5, 145–153.
Sherban, E.N. (1961) Novye i maloizvestnye vidy moshek gruppy Eusimulium aureum Fries (Diptera, Simuliidae) iz Rumunii. Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie, 40, 677–685.
Sudarić Bogojević, M., Ignjatović Ćupina, A., Petrić, D. & Merdić, E. (2009) Notes on Black flies (Diptera, Simuliidae) of the Nature Park Kopački Rit (Croatia). Proceedings of the 10th Croatian Biological Congress with International Participation, September 14–20, Osijek, Croatia, pp. 211–212.
Tangkawanit, U., Kuvangkadilok C., Baimai, V. & Adler, P.H. (2009) Cytosystematics of the Simulium tuberosum group (Diptera: Simuliidae) in Thailand. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 155, 289–315.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2008.00433.x
Zwick, H. (1995) Contribution to the European Blackfly Taxa (Diptera: Simuliidae) Named by Enderlein. Aquatic Insects, 17, 129–173.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01650429509361583
Živković, V. (1967a) Invazija Simulium erythrocephalum De Geer, 1776 (Diptera, Simuliidae) u Vojvodini. Glas Srpske Akademije Nauka i umetnosti, odeljenje medicinskih nauka, 20, 163–170.
Živković, V. (1967b) Simulide (Diptera, Simuliidae) Dunava na području Vojvodine. Acta Veterinaria, 17, 433–438.
Živković, V. (1969) Simulide (Diptera, Simuliidae) Vojvodine. II deo. Acta Veterinaria, 19, 297–306.
Živković, V. (1970a) Simulide (Diptera, Simuliidae) koje napadaju čoveka i domaće životinje. Acta Veterinaria, 20, 209–219.
Živković, V. (1970b) Trois espèces de simulies (Diptera, Simuliidae) qui apparaissent en masse en Yougoslavie. Cah. O.R.S.T.O.M., sér. Ent. méd. Parasitol., 8, 113–120.
Živković, V. (1971) Black flies (Diptera, Simuliidae) of the Danube in Yugoslavia. Acta Veterinaria, 21, 225–236.