Skip to main content Skip to main navigation menu Skip to site footer
Responsive image
Issue: Vol. 4127 No. 3: 24 Jun. 2016
Type: Article
Published: 2016-06-24
DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4127.3.8
Page range: 553–566
Abstract views: 58
PDF downloaded: 1

Micromorphological differentiation of left and right stridulatory apparatus in crickets (Orthoptera: Gryllidae)

Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, MOE, Northeast Normal University, Renmin St. 5268, Changchun, 130024, China College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Changchun Normal University, Changji Highway (North) 677, Changchun, 130032, China
Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, MOE, Northeast Normal University, Renmin St. 5268, Changchun, 130024, China
Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, MOE, Northeast Normal University, Renmin St. 5268, Changchun, 130024, China
Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, MOE, Northeast Normal University, Renmin St. 5268, Changchun, 130024, China
Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, MOE, Northeast Normal University, Renmin St. 5268, Changchun, 130024, China
Orthoptera Gryllidae stridulatory apparatus scanning electron microscope (SEM)

Abstract

The present study compared micromorphological differentiation of stridulatory apparatus between the functional right tegmen and non-functional left tegmen, analyzed under scanning electron microscope (SEM), among eight Gryllidae species. The results showed that the main differences were found on the length and shape of files and teeth. The length of stridulatory file and teeth number were lower on the left stridulatory apparatus than that on right stridulatory apparatus in all species. However, the ratio between the length of stridulatory teeth and the interval of stridulatory teeth was significantly higher on the left stridulatory apparatus than that on right stridulatory apparatus in Dianemobius fascipes, Polionemobius taprobanensis, Pteronemobius gifuensis, Teleogryllus occipitalis and Oecanthus longicauda. In addition, the length of stridulatory teeth was positively related to number of stridulatory teeth, however, the interval of stridulatory teeth was negatively related to the ratio between the length of stridulatory teeth and the interval of stridulatory teeth for left and right stridulatory apparatus. Our result illustrated that the length of left and right stridulatory file and teeth length could be an effective character to distinguish species. Left stridulatory apparatus was not entirely degraded than right stridulatory apparatus.

 

References

  1. Bennet-Clark, H.C. (2003) Wing resonances in the Australian field cricket Teleogryllus oceanicus. The Journal of Experimental Biology, 206, 1479–1496.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.00281

    Desutter-Grandcolas, L. (1995) Functional forewing morphology and stridulation in crickets (Orthoptera, Grylloidea). Journal of Zoology, 236, 243–252.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7998.1995.tb04491.x

    Desutter-Grandcolas, L. (1997) A phylogenetic analysis of the evolution of the stridulatory apparatus in true crickets (Orthoptera, Grylloidea). Cladistics, 13, 101–108.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-0031.1997.tb00244.x

    Desutter-Grandcolas, L. (2003) Phylogeny and the evolution of acoustic communication in extant Ensifera (Insecta, Orthoptera). Zoologica Scripta, 32, 525–561.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1463-6409.2003.00142.x

    Desutter-Grandcolas, L. & Robillard, T. (2004) Acoustic evolution in crickets: need for phylogenetic study and a reappraisal of signal effectiveness. Annals of the Brazilian Academy of Sciences, 76, 301–315.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0001-37652004000200019

    Fernando, M.Z. & Andrew, C.M. (2005) The mechanics of sound production in Panacanthus pallicornis (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Conocephalinae): the stridulatory motor patterns. The Journal of Experimental Biology, 208, 1219–1237.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.01526

    Fernando, M.Z., Thorin, J. & Daniel, R. (2011) Sound radiation and wing mechanics in stridulating field crickets (Orthoptera: Gryllidae). The Journal of Experimental Biology, 214, 2105–2117.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.056283

    Gross, S.W., May, D.L. & Walker, T.J. (1989) Systematics of Pictonemobius ground crickets (Orthoptera: Gryllidae). Transactions of the American Entomologist Society, 115, 433–456.

    Gu, J.J., Fernando, M.Z., Daniel, R., Michael, S.E., Qiao, G.X. & Ren, D. (2012) Wing stridulation in a Jurassic katydid (Insecta, Orthoptera) produced low-pitched musical calls to attract females. PNAS, 109, 3868–3873.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1118372109

    Gwynne, D.T. (1995) Phylogeny of the Ensifera (Orthoptera): a hypothesis supporting multiple origins of acoustical signalling, complex spermatorphores and maternal care in crickets, kaydids, and weta. Journal of Orthoptera Research, 4, 203–218.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3503478

    Howard, D.J. & Furth, D.G. (1986) Review of the Allonemobius Fasciatus (Orthoptera: Gryllidae) complex with the description of two new species separated by electrophoresis, song, and morphometrics. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 79, 472–481.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/aesa/79.3.472

    Jatho, M., Schul, J., Stiedl, O. & Kalmring, K. (1994) Specific differences in sound production and pattern recognition in tettigoniids. Behavioural Processes, 31, 293–300.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0376-6357(94)90014-0

    Judge, K.A. (2011) Do male field crickets, Gryllus pennsylvanicus, signal their age? Animal Behaviour, 81, 185–194.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2010.09.032

    Klingenberg, C.P., Debat, V., & Roff, D.A. (2010) Quantitative genetics of shape in cricket wings: developmental integration in a functional structure. Evolution, 64, 2935–2951.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.2010.01030.x

    Kowalski, K & Lakes-Harlan, R. (2011) Temporal patterns of intra- and interspecific acoustic signals differ in two closely related species of Acanthoplus (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Hetrodinae). Zoology, 114, 29–35.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.zool.2010.09.002

    Kowalski, K. & Lakes-Harlan, R. (2013) The acoustic communication system in six species of armoured ground crickets (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Hetrodinae): Commonalities and species–specific differences. Zoologischer Anzeiger , 252, 204–216.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2012.05.005

    Li, X.Q., Liu, F., Zhang, J., Wang, Y.L. & Ren, B.Z. (2011) A taxonomic research situation of Grylloidea insects in China. Journal of beihua university (Natural Science), 12 (1),37–42. [in Chinese]

    Micancin, J.P. & Mette, J.T. (2009) Acoustic and morphological identification of the sympatric cricket frogs Acris crepitans and A. gryllus and the disappearance of A. gryllus near the edge of its range. Zootaxa, 2076, 1–36.

    Nickle, D.A. & Walker, T.J. (1974) A morphological key to field crickets of southeastern United States (Orthoptera: Gryllidae: Gryllus). Florida Entomologist, 57, 8–12.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3493822

    Simmons, L.W. & Ritchie, M.G. (1996) Symmetry in the songs of crickets. Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 263, 1305–1311.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.1996.0191

    Toms, R.B. & Otte, D. (1988) New genera, species and records of east and southern Africa tree crickets (Orthoptera: Gryllidae: Oecanthinae). Annals of the Transvaal Museum, 34, 469–521.

    Walker, T.J. (1962) The taxonomy and calling songs of United States tree crickets (Orthoptera: Gryllidae: Oecanthinae ) 1. The genus Neoxabia and the niveus and varicornis groups of the genus Oecanthus. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 55, 303–322.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/aesa/55.3.303

    Walker, T.J. & Carlysle, T.C. (1975) Stridulatory file teeth in crickets taxonomic and acoustic implications (Orthoptera: Gryllidae). International Journal of Insect Morphology & Embryology, 4, 151–158.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0020-7322(75)90013-6

    Yin, H.S. & Liu, X.W. (1995) Synopsis on the classification of Grylloidea and Gryllotalpoidea from China. Shanghai Scientific and Technical Literature Publishing House, Shanghai, pp. 12–122. [in Chinese]