Skip to main content Skip to main navigation menu Skip to site footer
Type: Article
Published: 2016-12-05
Page range: 101–126
Abstract views: 218
PDF downloaded: 2

Checklist of host associations of European bat flies (Diptera: Nycteribiidae, Streblidae)

University of Debrecen, Department of Evolutionary Zoology and Human Biology, Egyetem tér 1., H-4032, Debrecen, Hungary University of Lausanne, Department of Ecology and Evolution, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland Museum of Zoology, Palais de Rumine, Place de la Riponne 6, CH-1014, Lausanne, Switzerland
Eszterházy Károly University, Department of Zoology, Eszterházy tér 1., H-3300, Eger, Hungary Bükk Mammalogical Society, Maklári u. 77/A, H-3300, Eger, Hungary
University of Debrecen, MTA–DE "Lendület" Behavioural Ecology Research Group, Department of Evolutionary Zoology and Human Biology, Egyetem tér 1., H-4032, Debrecen, Hungary
Diptera ectoparasites host associations parasite specificity Pupipara

Abstract

Bat flies are obligate blood-sucking ectoparasites of bats. They are divided into two families: Nycteribiidae and Streblidae. Europe has 17 species of bat flies and 45 species of bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera). This checklist is based on both published records and our own field data and provides updated information on all associations between bat flies and their hosts in Europe. The host-parasite association between Basilia italica Theodor and Plecotus auritus (Linnaeus) is reported for the first time. Moreover, our records of B. italica on Myotis alcathoe Helversen & Heller, B. nana Theodor & Moscona on Plecotus auritus, Nycteribia kolenatii Theodor & Moscona on M. bechsteinii (Kuhl) and Penicillidia dufourii (Westwood) on M. daubentonii (Kuhl) represent new host associations for Hungary.

 

References

  1. Aellen, V. (1955) Etude d’une collection de Nycteribiidae et de Streblidae (Diptera: Pupipara) de la région paléarctique occidentale, particulièrement de la Suisse. Bulletin de la Société Neuchâteloise des Sciences Naturelles, 78, 81104.

    Aellen, V. (1963) Les nycteribiidés de la Suisse, diptères parasites de chauves-souris. Bulletin de la Société Neuchâteloise des Sciences Naturelles, 86, 143154.

    Aktaş, M. & Hasbenli, A. (1994) Bat flies of Eastern Turkey (the east of Samsun-İskenderun Line) (Diptera: Nycteribiidae). Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology of Gazi University, Ankara, 7, 48–51.

    Amr, Z.S. & Qumsiyeh, M.B. (1993) Records of bats flies from Jordan, Libya and Algeria. Entomological News, 104, 43–46.

    Austen, E.E. (1906) Diptera (Flies). Vol. 1. The Victoria History of the County of Devon. Victoria County History, London, 630 pp.

    Baagøe, H.J. (2011a) Eptesicus serotinus (Schreber, 1774) Breitflügelfledermaus. In: Krapp, F. & Niethammer, J. (Eds.), Die Fledermäuse Europas. Ein umfassendes Handbuch zur Biologie, Verbreitung und Bestimmung. AulaVerlag, Wiebelsheim, pp. 519559.

    Baagøe, H.J. (2011b) Myotis bechsteinii (Kuhl, 1818) Bechsteinfledermaus. In: Krapp, F. & Niethammer, J. (Eds.), Die Fledermäuse Europas. Ein umfassendes Handbuch zur Biologie, Verbreitung und Bestimmung. AulaVerlag, Wiebelsheim, pp. 443471.

    Balcells, R.E. (1968a) Interesantes datos faunísticos y biológicos de la cueva "Sa Guitarreta" de Llucmajoro. Boletin de la Sociedad de Historia Natural de Baleares, 14, 34.

    Balcells, R.E. (1968b) Nuevas citas de murciélagos y nicteríbidos del país vasco-cantábrico. Real Sociedad Española de Historia Natural, 66, 17–38.

    Bauer, K. (1957) Zur Kenntnis der Fledermausfauna Spaniens. Bonner Zoologische Beiträge, 7 (4), 296319.

    Beaucournu, J.C. (1961) Ectoparasites des Chiroptères de l’Ouest de la France. 1re partie: Ixodoïdés—Cimicides et Nyctéribiidés. Bulletin de la Société Scientifique de Bretagne, 36, 315338.

    Beaucournu, J.C. (1972) Sur quelques ectoparasites (Siphonaptères, anoploures et nyctéribies) du Portugal. Anais da Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública e de Medicina Tropical, 6, 65–71.

    Beaucournu, J.C. & Noblet, J.F. (1985) Une nyctéribie (Diptera, Pupipara) nouvelle pour la fauna française: présence de Basilia mediterranea Hůrka, 1970 en Corse. Annales de Parasitologie Humaine et Comparée, 60 (5), 635638.

    http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/parasite/1985605635

    Beaucournu, J.C. & Noblet, J.F. (1994) Présence en France continentale de Basilia mediterranea Hůrka, 1970 (Diptera, Nycteribiidae). Bulletin de la Société Entomologique de France, 99 (4), 397400.

    Beaucournu, J.C. & Noblet, J.F. (1996) Les Diptères pupipares parasites de chauves-souris dans les Alpes et les Préalpes françaises (Diptera, Streblidae et Nycteribiidae). Bulletin de la Société Entomologique de France, 101, 235240.

    Benda, P., Lučan, R.K., Obuch, J., Reiter, A., Andreas, M., Bačkor, P., Bohnenstengel, T., Eid, E.K., Ševčík, M., Vallo, P. & Amr, Z.S. (2010) Bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) of the Eastern Mediterranean and Middle East. Part 8. Bats of Jordan: fauna, ecology, echolocation, ectoparasites. Acta Societatis Zoologicae Bohemicae, 74, 185353.

    Bequaert, J.G. (1953) Exploration du Parc National Albert. Mission G.F. de Witte (19331935). Hippoboscidae and Nycteribiidae. Institut des Parcs Nationaux Belges, 79 (7), 8994.

    Czuppon, B. (2001) Denevérlegyek (Nycteribiidae) populáció-ökológiai elemzése. Doctoral thesis, Szent István University, Budapest, 48 pp.

    Czuppon, B. & Molnár, V. (2001) Bat fly genus and species new to Hungary (Diptera: Nycteribiidae). Folia Entomologica Hungarica, 62, 313317.

    Colyer, C.N. & Hammond, C.O. (1951) Flies of the British Isles. Frederick Warne, London, 383 pp.

    Danko, Š., Krištín, A. & Krištofík, J. (2010) Myotis alcathoe in eastern Slovakia: occurrence, diet, ectoparasites and notes on its identification in the field. Vespertilio, pp. 1314, 7791.

    Dick, C.W. & Patterson, B.D. (2006) Bat flies: obligate ectoparasites of bats. In: Morand, S., Krasnov, B.R. & Poulin, R. (Eds.), Micromammals and macroparasites: from evolutionary ecology to management. Springer, Tokyo, pp. 179–194.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-36025-4_11

    Dietz, C. & Von Helversen, O. (2004) Illustrated Identification Key To The Bats Of Europe. Electronic Publication, Version 1.0, Tuebingen & Erlangen, 72 pp.

    Dietz, M. & Walter, G. (1995) Zur Ektoparasitenfauna der Wasserfledermaus (Myotis daubentoni Kuhl, 1819) in Deutschland unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Flughautmilbe Spinturnix andegavinus Deunff, 1977. Nyctalus (Neue Folge), 5 (5), 451468.

    Dittmar, K., Porter, M.L., Murray, S. & Whiting, M.F. (2006) Molecular phylogenetic analysis of nycteribiid and streblid bat flies (Diptera: Brachycera, Calyptratae): implications for host associations and phylogeographic origins. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 38, 155–170.

    http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2005.06.008

    Dudich, E. (1925) A magyarországi denevérlegyek. Mathematikai és Természettudományi Értesítő, 41, 144151.

    Estrada-Peña, A. & Serra-Cobo, J. (1991) The acarinia and nycteribidia zones of Miniopterus schreibersii Kuhl (Mammalia: Chiroptera) in the northeast of Spain. Folia Parasitologica, 38, 345354.

    Falcoz, L. (1923) Pupipara (Diptères) (première série). Biospeologica XLIX. Archives de Zoologie expérimentale et générale, 61, 521552.

    Falcoz, L. (1924) Diptères Pupipares du Muséum National d'histoire naturelle de Paris. Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 30, 223–223.

    Falcoz, L. (1926) Diptères Pupipares. Fauna de France, 14. Fédération Française des Sociétés de Sciences Naturelles, Paris, 64 pp.

    Gardner, R.A. & Molyneux, D.H. (1988) Polychromophilus murinus: a malarial parasite of bats: life history and ultrastructural studies. Parasitology, 96, 591–605.

    http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0031182000080215

    Gil Collado, J. (1934) Una nueva especie española de Nycteribia. Eos: Revista Española de Entomología, 9, 29–32.

    Grulich, I. & Povolný, D. (1955) Faunistickobionomický nástin muchulovitých (Nycteribiidae) na území ČSR. Zoologické a Entomologické Listy, 4, 111134.

    Güttinger, R., Zahn, A., Krapp, F. & Schober, W. (2011) Myotis myotis (Borkhausen, 1797) Großes Mausohr. In: Krapp, F. & Niethammer, J. (Eds.), Die Fledermäuse Europas. Ein umfassendes Handbuch zur Biologie, Verbreitung und Bestimmung. AulaVerlag, Wiebelsheim, pp. 123207.

    Haitlinger, R. (1978) Pasożyty zewnętrzne nietoperzy Dolnego Śląska. II. Nycteribiidae (Diptera). Wiadomości Parazytologiczne, 24, 467474.

    Haitlinger, R. & Ruprecht, A.L. (1992) Parasitic arthropods (Siphonaptera, Diptera, Acari) of bats from western part of the Bialowieża Primeval Forest. Nyctalus (Neue Folge), 4 (3), 315319.

    Heddergott, M. (2009) Erstnachweis der Fledermausfliege Basilia mongolensis nudior Hůrka, 1972 in Deutschland (Diptera: Nycteribiidae). Studia Dipterologica, 15 (1–2), 301–304.

    Heddergott, M. & Claußen, A. (2004) Nachweise von Fledermausfliegen aus dem Nationalpark Hainich in Thüringen (Diptera: Calyptrata: Nycteribiidae). Abhandlungen und Berichte des Museums der Natur Gotha, 23, 9193.

    Hill, D.S. (1963) The life history of the British species of Ornithomya (Diptera: Hippoboscidae). Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London, 115, 391407.

    http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2311.1963.tb00812.x

    Humphries, D.A. (1959) Caves and bats. Journal of the King’s College Natural History Society, 1, 1821.

    Hůrka, K. (1962) Beitrag zur Nycteribien und Streblidenfauna Albaniens nebst Bemerkungen zur Fauna von Bulgarien, Ungarn und UdSSR. Acta Societatis Entomologicae Cechosloveniae, 59 (2), 156164.

    Hůrka, K. (1964) Distribution, bionomy and ecology of the European bat flies with special regard to the Czechoslovak fauna (Diptera, Nycteribidae). Acta Universitatis Carolinae. Biologica, 1964 (3), 167231.

    Hůrka, K. (1970) Revision der Nycteribiidae und StreblidaeNycteriboscinae aus der Dipterensammlung des Zoologischen Museum in Berlin, II. Mit Beschreibung von Basilia (Basilia) mediterranea n. sp. Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum un Berlin, 46, 239246.

    Hůrka, K. (1972) Basilia mongolensis nudior subsp. n. nebst Bemerkungen zur Nycteribien und Streblidenfauna Thrakiens (Diptera: Pupipara). Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien, 76, 709713.

    Hůrka, K. (1980) Čeleď Nycteribiidae—muchulovití. In: Chvála, M. (Ed.), Krevsajíci mouchy a střečci —Diptera. Fauna ČSSR, 22. Academia, Nakladatelství ČSAVPraha, pp. 479–509.

    Hůrka, K. (1984) New taxa and new records of Palearctic Nycteribiidae and Streblidae (Diptera: Pupipara). Věstník Československé Společnosti Zoologické, 48, 90–101.

    Hůrka, K. & Soós, Á. (1986a) Nycteribiidae. In: Soós, Á. & Papp, L. (Eds.), Catalogue of Palaearctic Diptera. Volume 11. Scathophagidae—Hypodermatidae. Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, pp. 226–233.

    Hůrka, K. & Soós, Á. (1986b) Streblidae. In: Soós, Á. & Papp, L. (Eds.), Catalogue of Palaearctic Diptera. Volume 11. Scathophagidae—Hypodermatidae. Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, pp. 234–236.

    Hutson, A.M. (1972) Ectoparasites of British bats. Mammal Review, 1 (6), 143–150.

    http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2907.1972.tb00332.x

    Hutson, A.M. (1984) Keds, Flat–flies and Bat–flies (Diptera, Hippoboscidae and Nycteribiidae). Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects. Royal Entomological Society of London, 44 pp.

    Imaz, E., Aihartza, J.R. & Totorika, M.J. (1999) Ectoparasites on bats (Gamasida, Ixodida, Diptera) in Biscay (N Iberian peninsula). Miscel·lània Zoològica, 22 (2), 2130.

    Jaunbauere, G., Salmane, I. & Spungis, V. (2008) Occurrence of bat ectoparasites in Latvia. Latvijas Entomologs, 45, 3842.

    Jobling, B. (1934) A revision of the genus Nycteribosca. Parasitology, 26 (1), 6497.

    http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0031182000023337

    Kaňuch, P., Krištín, A. & Krištofík, J. (2005) Phenology,diet, and ectoparasites of Leisler's bat (Nyctalus leisleri) in the Western Carpathians (Slovakia). Acta Chiropterologica, 7 (2), 249257.

    http://dx.doi.org/10.3161/1733-5329(2005)7[249:PDAEOL]2.0.CO;2

    Kock, D. (1973) Über Nycteribiiden im deutschen Faunengebiet (Ins.: Diptera). Senckenbergiana Biologica, 54 (46), 343352.

    Kock, D. (1974) Pupipare Dipteren von Säugetieren des nordöstlichen Mittelmeerraumens (Ins.: Diptera). Senckenbergiana Biologica, 17, 87104.

    Kock, D. (1984) Basilia mongolensis nudior Hůrka 1972 in Österreich (Insecta: Diptera: Nycteribiidae). Senckenbergiana Biologica, 65 (1–2), 43–46.

    Kock, D. (1989) FledermausFliegen aus der EMediterraneis (Diptera: Nyeteribiidae). Entomologisches Zeitschrift, 99 (5), 5658.

    Kock, D. (1999) Die Fledermauslausfliegen Bayerns (Diptera: Nycteribidae). Entomologisches Zeitschrift, 109 (11), 444447.

    Kock, D. (2004) Bestandsdichte der Wasserfledermaus, Myotis daubentonii Kuhl, 1817 (Mammalia: Chiroptera) und zunehmende Verbreitung ihres Parasiten, Penicillidia monoceros Speiser, 1900 (Diptera: Nycteribiidae) in Deutschland. Myotis, 4142, 99107

    Kock, D. & Quetglas, J. (2003) The bat flies of the Balearic Islands (Insecta: Diptera: Nycteribiidae). Bolletí de la Societat d'Història Natural de les Balears, 46, 7983.

    Kolenati, F.A. (1857) Epizoa der Nycteribien. Wiener Entomologische Monatsschrift, 1, 6669.

    Krištofík, J. (1982) Nálezy múch čeľade Nycteribiidae (Diptera) na území SSR. Biologia, Bratislava, 37, 191197.

    Krištofík, J. & Danko, S. (2012) Arthropod ectoparasites (Acarina, Heteroptera, Diptera, Siphonaptera) of bats in Slovakia. Vespertilio, 16, 167189.

    Lindecke, O. & Scheffler, I. (2011) Ectoparasites of bats in SaxonyAnhalt. Hercynia Neuen Folge, 44, 241251.

    Maa, T.C. (1965) An interim world list of bat flies (Diptera: Nycteribiidae and Streblidae). Journal of Medical Entomology, 1, 377386.

    http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jmedent/1.4.377

    Marshall, A.G. (1982) Ecology of insects ectoparasitic on bats. In: Kunz, T.H. (Ed.), Ecology of Bats. Springer US, New York, pp. 369401.

    http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-3421-7_10

    Masson, D. (1989) Sur l’infestation de Myotis nattereri (Kuhl, 1818) (Chiroptera, Vespertilionidae) par Basilia nattereri (Kolenati, 1857) (Diptera, Nycteribiidae) dans le SudOuest de la France. Annales de Parasitologie Humaine et Comparée, 64 (1), 6471.

    http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/parasite/198964164

    Meier, R., Kotrba, M. & Ferrar, P. (1999) Oviviparity and viviparity in the Diptera. Biological Reviews, 74, 199258.

    http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-185X.1999.tb00186.x

    Morse, S.F., Olival, K.J., Kosoy, M., Billeter, S.A., Patterson, B.D., Dick, C.W. & Dittmar, K. (2012) Global distribution and genetic diversity of Bartonella in bat flies (Hippoboscoidea, Streblidae, Nycteribiidae). Infection, Genetics and Evolution, 12 (8), 1717–1723.

    http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.meegid.2012.06.009

    Müller, J. & Ohlendorf, B. (1984) Erstnachweis von Fledermausfliegen (Dipt., Nycteribiidae) aus dem Harz, DDRBezirk Magdeburg. Nyctalus (Neue Folge), 2 (1), 8184.

    Noblet, J.F. (1995) Els quiròpters del Parc Natural de s‘Albufera de Mallorca. Monografies de la Societat d'Història Natural de les Balears, 4, 169173.

    Nowosad, A. (1974) Nycteribia kolenatii Theodor et Moscona i Penicillidia monoceros Speiser (Nycteribiidae, Diptera) w Polsce. Polskie Pismo Entomologiczne, 44 (3), 559–569.

    Nowosad, A. (1987) Materialy do znajomoéci Nycteribiidae (Diptera, Pupipara) Polski zachodniej i pohiocno-zachodniej. Polskie Pismo Entomologiczne, 57, 263276.

    Nowosad, A. (1990) Stan badañ nad mrokawkowatymi—Nycteribiidae (Diptera, Pupipara) w Polsce, z przeglądem gatunków i stanowisk ich występowania. Wiadomości Entomologiczne, 9, 7785.

    Nowosad, A., Batchvarov, G. & Petrov, P. (1987) Bat flies (Nycteribiidae, Diptera) of bats collected in Bulgaria. Polskie Pismo Entomologiczne, 57, 673694.

    Orlova, M.V. (2011) Ectoparasite associations of bats from the Urals (Russia). Hystrix, the Italian Journal of Mammalogy, 22 (1), 105110.

    http://dx.doi.org/10.4404/hystrix-22.1-4470

    Pape, T., Beuk, P., Pont, A.C., Shatalkin, A.I., Ozerov, A.L.,Woźnica, A.J., Merz, B., Bystrowski, C., Raper, C., Bergström, C., Kehlmaier, C., Clements, D.K., Greathead, D., Kameneva, E.P., Nartshuk, E., Petersen, F.T., Weber, G., Bächli, G., Geller-Grimm, F., de Weyer, G.V., Tschorsnig, H.-P., de Jong, H., van Zuijlen, J.-W., Vaňhara, J., Roháček, J., Ziegler, J., Majer, J., Hůrka, K., Holston, K., Rognes, K., Greve-Jensen, L., Munari, L., de Meyer, M., Pollet, M., Speight, M.C.D., Ebejer, M.J., Martinez, M., Carles-Tolrá, M., Földvári, M., Chvála, M., Barták, M., Evenhuis, N.L., Chandler, P.J., Cerretti, P., Meier, R., Rozkosny, R., Prescher, S., Gaimari, S.D., Zatwarnicki, T., Zeegers, T., Dikow, T., Korneyev, V.A., Richter, V.A., Michelsen, V., Tanasijtshuk, V.N., Mathis, W.N., Hubenov, Z. & de Jong, Y. (2015) Fauna Europaea: Diptera—Brachycera. Biodiversity Data Journal, 3, e4187.

    http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e4187

    Rageau, J. & Mouchet, J. (1967) Les arthropodes hématophages de Camargue. Cahiers ORSTOM. Série Entomologie Médicale et Parasitologie, 5 (4), 263281.

    Reckardt, K. & Kerth, G. (2006) The reproductive success of the parasitic bat fly Basilia nana (Diptera: Nycteribiidae) is affected by the low roost fidelity of its host, the Bechstein’s bat (Myotis bechsteinii). Parasitology Research, 93 (3), 237243.

    http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00436-005-0051-5

    Rupp, D. (1999) Zweiflügler aus Bayern XVIQ (Diptera: Nycteribiidae). Entomofauna, 25, 397400.

    Rupp, D., Zahn, A. & Ludvig, P. (2004) Actual records of bat ectoparasites in Bavaria (Germany). Spixiana, 27, 185190.

    Scheffler, I. (2008) Untersuchungen zur Ektoparasitenfauna (Siphonaptera: Ischnopsyllidae; Diptera: Nycteribiidae; Heteroptera: Cimicidae) an Fledermäusen (Teil 3). Märkische Entomologische Nachrichten, 10 (2), 241248.

    Scheffler, I. (2009) Ektoparasiten der Fledermäuse in Sommerquartieren in Brandenburg: Neue Funde seltener Arten. Nyctalus (Neue Folge), 14 (12), 126136.

    Scheffler, I. (2010) Ektoparasiten der Fledermäuse in Winterquartieren in Brandenburg. Märkische Entomologische Nachrichten, 12 (1), 119132.

    Scheffler, I. (2011a) Die Ektoparasiten der Fledermäuse Europas—Teil 1. Nyctalus (Neue Folge), 16 (34), 246263.

    Scheffler, I. (2011b) Artenspektren und Wirtsbindung von Ektoparasiten der Fledermäuse aus Nordbulgarien. Bewertung des Zusammenhangs von Körperkondition und Ektoparasitenlast. Nyctalus (Neue Folge), 16 (12), 119136.

    Scheffler, I. (2012) Die Ektoparasiten der Fledermäuse Europas—Teil 2. Nyctalus (Neue Folge), 17 (12), 104119.

    Scheffler, I., Bego, F., Théou, P., Podany, M., Pospischil, R., Hübner, S. & Wittenberg, L. (2013) Ektoparasiten der Fledermause in AlbanienArtenspektrum und Wirtsbindung. Nyctalus (Neue Folge), 18, 84109.

    Scheffler, I. & Hiller, A. (2010) Zur Ektoparasitenfauna der Fledermäuse in Niedersachsen: Neue Funde am Iberg bei Bad Grund. Nyctalus (Neue Folge), 15 (4), 309317.

    Scheffler, I. & Ressler, R. (2005) Untersuchungen zur Ektoparasitenfauna (Siphonaptera: Ischnopsyllidae; Diptera: Nycteribiidae) an Fledermäusen in Brandenburg. Märkische Entomologische Nachrichten, 7 (2), 123132.

    Scheffler, I. & Ressler, R. (2007) Untersuchungen zur Ektoparasitenfauna (Siphonaptera: Ischnopsyllidae; Diptera: Nycteribiidae; Heteroptera: Cimicidae) an Fledermäusen in Brandenburg (Teil 2). Märkische Entomologische Nachrichten, 9 (1), 109119.

    Scott, H. (1936) Descriptions and records of Nycteribiidae, with a discussion of the genus Basilia. Journal of the Linnean Society of London, Zoology, 39, 479505.

    http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1936.tb00480.x

    Skuratowicz, W. (1962) Przyczynek do do znajomości Nycteribiidae (Diptera, Pupipara) Polski. Fragmenta Faunistica, 10, 215221.

    http://dx.doi.org/10.3161/00159301ff1962.10.14.215

    Ševčík, M., Benda, P. & Lučan, R.K. (2013) Diptera Pupipara from bats of two large eastern Mediterranean islands, Crete and Cyprus. Turkish Journal of Zoology, 37, 3137.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.3906/zoo111220

    Ševčík, M., Benda, P. & Uhrin, M. (2011) First records of the bat fly Phthiridium biarticulatum (Diptera: Nycteribiidae) in Crimea. Vespertilio, 15, 159160.

    Soós, Á. (1955) Bábtojó legyek—Muscidae Pupiparae. Magyarország Állatvilága—Fauna hungarie. Akadémia Kiadó, Budapest, 20 pp.

    Szentiványi, T., Genzoni, E., Clément, L., Radonjić, M., Loce, E., Théou, P., Glaizot, O. & Christe, P. (2016) Basilia: a new genus to the Albanian bat fly fauna (Diptera: Nycteribiidae). Ecologica Montenegrina, 8, 58–61.

    Theodor, O. (1954) Nycteribiidae. In: Lindner, E. (Ed.), Die Fliegen der Paläarktischen Region. Band 12 [Lieferung 174]. E. Schweizerbart, Stuttgart, pp. 1–43.

    Theodor, O. (1956) On the genus Tripselia and the group of Basilia bathybothyra (Nycteribiidae, Diptera). Parasitology, 46, 353394.

    http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S003118200002655X

    Theodor, O. (1967) An illustrated catalogue of the Rothschild collection of Nycteribiidae in the British Museum (Natural History), with keys and short descriptions for the identification of subfamilies, genera, species and subspecies. British Museum (Natural History), London, 506 pp.

    Theodor, O. & Moscona, A. (1954) On bat parasites in Palestine. I. Nycteribiidae, Streblidae, Hemiptera, Siphonaptera. Parasitology, 44, 157245.

    http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0031182000018862

    Topál, Gy. (2011) Myotis nattereri (Kuhl, 1818) Fransenfledermaus. In: Krapp, F. & Niethammer, J. (Eds.), Die Fledermäuse Europas. Ein umfassendes Handbuch zur Biologie, Verbreitung und Bestimmung. AulaVerlag, Wiebelsheim, pp. 405442.

    Uhrin, M., Kaňuch, P., Krištofík, J. & Paule, L. (2010) Phenotypic plasticity in the greater mouseeared bat in extremely different roost conditions. Acta Theriologica, 55, 153164.

    http://dx.doi.org/10.4098/j.at.0001-7051.073.2009

    UNEP/EUROBATS Secretariat (2015) Protected bat species. Available from: http://www.eurobats.org/about_eurobats/protected_bat_species (accessed 1 April 2016)

    Vasconcelos, P.F. de, Falcão, L.A., Graciolli, G. & Borges, M.A. (2015) Parasite-host interactions of bat flies (Diptera: Hippoboscoidea) in Brazilian tropical dry forests. Parasitology Research, 115 (1), 367–377.

    http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00436-015-4757-8

    Walter, G. (1987) Nachweise von Nycteribia kolenatii (Diptera, Nycteribiidae) für die Bundesrepublik Deutschland und Berlin (West). Angewandte Parasitologie, 28, 177–178.

    Walter, G., (2004) Überblick zum Vorkommen und zur Biologie von Ektoparasiten (Siphonaptera; Cimicidae; Nycteribiidae; Calliphoridae) bei Fledermäusen in Deutschland. Nyctalus (Neue Folge), 9, 460476.

    Walter, G. & Benk, A. (1982) Zur Ektoparasitenfauna der Fledermäuse (Chiroptera) in Niedersachsen. Angewandte Parasitologie, 23, 230232.

    Walter, G. & Ebenau, C. (1997) Nachweise von Fledermausfliegen aus Syrien (Diptera: Streblidae, Nycteribiidae). Zoology in the Middle East, 14 (1), 115–119.

    http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09397140.1997.10637712

    Westwood, J.O. (1835) On Nycteribia, a genus of wingless insects. The Zoological Society of London, 1 (3), 275294.

    http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1835.tb00626.x