Skip to main content Skip to main navigation menu Skip to site footer
Responsive image
Issue: Vol. 4268 No. 3: 17 May 2017
Type: Article
Published: 2017-05-17
DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4268.3.3
Page range: 360–376
Abstract views: 113
PDF downloaded: 3

A new species of Cavernocypris Hartmann, 1964 (Crustacea: Ostracoda) from caves in South Korea

Lake Biwa Museum, 1091 Oroshimo, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-0001, Japan
College of Science and Engineering, School of Natural System, University of Kanazawa, Kakuma, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
The Korean Institute of Biospelology, Daejeon, 34093, Korea
Marine Ecosystem Research Division, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Ansan, 15627, Korea
Department of Biological Science, College of Natural Sciences, Daegu University, Gyeongsan, 38453, Korea
Cyprididae Far East hypogean limestone cave Podocopida stygobiont subterranean Crustacea

Abstract

Surveys of caves in South Korea yielded a new species of the ostracod genus Cavernocypris Hartmann, 1964, herein described as Cavernocypris danielopoli Smith & Kamiya n. sp. This is the fifth described species in this widely distributed genus, and can be discriminated from its congeners by the highly triangular shape of the carapace in lateral view, caused by a large dorsal protrusion on the left valve. A second triangular-shaped morphotype was also collected, differing from the first by a lower carapace and less pronounced dorsal protrusion. As it is not clear at present if this represents a separate species or intraspecific variation, it is left in open nomenclature. The lack of a pigmented eye, a highly triangular carapace and no carapace pigmentation suggests that Cavernocypris danielopoli Smith & Kamiya n. sp. is the most adapted species in the genus to a stygobiotic lifestyle. Another Korean species, Cavernocypris coreana (McKenzie, 1972), found in caves and spring discharges, has a reduced number of antennule segments, common for stygobiotic species, but this feature is lacking in the new species. This suggests that within the genus, species have followed different evolutionary pathways to adapt to the subterranean realm.

References

  1. Akatova, N.A. (1950) K faune Ostracoda sredney Azii (On the ostracod fauna of Central Asia). Trudy zoologicheskogo instituta Akademii Nauk SSSR, 9, 90–115.

    Baltanás, A., Danielopol, D.L., Roca, J.R. & Marmonier, P. (1993) Psychrodromus betharrami n. sp. (Crustacea, Ostracoda): Morphology, ecology and biogeography. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 231, 39–57.

    Brady, G.S. (1886). Notes on freshwater Entomostraca from South Australia. Proceedings of the Scientific Meetings of the Zoological Society of London, 1886, 82–93.

    Broodbakker, N.W. (1983) The subfamily Candoninae (Crustacea, Ostracoda) in the West Indies: Amsterdam expeditions to the West Indian Islands, Report 34. Bijdragen tot de Dierkunde, 53, 287–326.

    Broodbakker N.W. & Danielopol D.L. (1982) The Chaetotaxy of Cypridacea (Crustacea, Ostracoda) limbs: proposals for a descriptive model. Bijdragen tot de Dierkunde, 52, 103–120.

    Carbonel, P., Colin, J.-P., Danielopol, D.L. & Londeix, L. (1986) Kovalevskiella (Ostracoda, Timiriaseviinae), genre à mode de vie benthique depuis l’Oligocène, son adaptation à la vie interstitielle. Geobios, 19, 677–687.
    https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-6995(86)80103-6

    Chang, C.Y., Lee, J. & Smith, R.J. (2012) Nonmarine ostracods (Crustacea) from South Korea, including a description of a new species of Tanycypris Triebel (Cyprididae, Cypricercinae). Zootaxa, 3161, 1–19.

    Danielopol, D.L. (1977) On the origin and diversity of European freshwater interstitial ostracods. In: Löffler, H. & Danielopol, D.L. (Eds.), Aspects of ecology and zoogeography of recent and fossil Ostracoda. Dr. W. Junk B.V. Publishers, Hague, pp. 295–305.

    Danielopol, D.L. (1978) Über Herkunft und Morphologie der Süßwasser-hypogäischen Candoninae (Crustacea, Ostracoda). Sitzungsberichte der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Mathematisch-naturwissenschaftliche Klasse, Abteilung1, 187 (1/5), 1–162.

    Danielopol, D.L. (1980) On the carapace shape of some European freshwater interstitial Candoninae (Ostracoda). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 93, 743–756.

    Danielopol, D.L., Marmonier, P., Boulton, A.J. & Bonaduce, G. (1994) World subterranean ostracod biogeography: dispersal or vicariance. Hydrobiologia, 287, 119–129.
    https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00006901

    Danielopol, D.L. & McKenzie, K.G. (1977) Psychrodromus gen. n. (Crustacea, Ostracoda), with redescription of the cypridid genera Prionocypris and Ilyodromus. Zoologica Scripta, 6, 301–322.
    https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1463-6409.1978.tb00783.x

    Ekman, S. (1914) Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Schwedischen Süsswasser-Ostracoden. Zoologische Beiträge, Uppsala, 3, 1–36.

    Forester, R.M., Carter, C., Quade, J. & Smith, A.J. (2016a) Aquifer and surface-water ostracodes in Quaternary paleowetland deposits of southern Nevada, USA. Hydrobiologia, 786 (1), 41–57.

    https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-016-2966-5

    Forester, R.M., Smith, A.J., Palmer, D.F. & Curry, B.B. (2016b) North American Non-Marine Ostracode Database Project. Available from: http://www.personal.kent.edu/~alisonjs/nanode/index.htm (accessed 13 October 2016)

    Fuhrmann, R. (2012) Atlas quartärer und rezenter Ostrakoden Mitteldeutschlands. Altenburger Naturwissenschaftliche Forschungen, 15, 1–320.

    Furtos, N.C. (1936) On the Ostracoda from the cenotes of Yucatan and vicinity. Publications of the Carnegie Institution of Washington, 457, 89–115.

    Furtos, N.C. (1938) A new species of Cypridopsis from Yucatán. Publications of the Carnegie Institution of Washington, 491, 155–157.

    Gauthier, H. (1929) Cladocères et ostracodes du Sahara Central. Bulletin de la Société d’Histoire Naturelle de l’Afrique du Nord, 20, 143–162.

    Harding, J.P. (1955) Two new species of ostracod from caves in the Belgian Congo. Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaines, 52, 169–174.

    Hartmann, G. (1964) Asiatische Ostracoden. Systematische und zoogeographische Untersuchungen. Internationale Revue der Gesamten Hydrobiologie, 3, 1–155.

    Karanovic, I. (2000) Pseudocypridopsis petkovskii sp. nov., a stygobiont freshwater ostracod (Crustacea, Ostracoda, Cypridopsinae) from Montenegro (SE Europe). Mitteilungen aus dem Hamburgischen Zoologischen Museum und Institut, 97, 56–66.

    Karanovic, I. (2005) Towards a revision of Candoninae (Crustacea: Ostracoda): Australian representatives of the subfamily, with descriptions of three new genera and seven new species. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, 39, 29–75.
    https://doi.org/10.1080/00288330.2005.9517292

    Karanovic, I. (2007) Candoninae (Ostracoda) from the Pilbara region in Western Australia. Crustaceana Monographs. Vol. 7. Brill, Leiden, Boston, 433 pp.
    https://doi.org/10.1163/ej.9789004156937.i-434

    Karanovic, I. (2008) Three interesting Cyprididae (Ostracoda) from Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum, 24, 267–287.
    https://doi.org/10.18195/issn.0312-3162.24(3).2008.267-287

    Karanovic, I., Eberhard, S. & Perina, G. (2012) Austromesocypris bluffensis sp. n. (Crustacea, Ostracoda, Cypridoidea, Scottiinae) from subterranean aquatic habitats in Tasmania, with a key to world species of the subfamily. ZooKeys, 215, 1–31.
    https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.215.2987

    Külköylüoglu, O. & Vinyard, G.L. (1998) New bisexual form of Cavernocypris subterranea (Wolf, 1920) (Crustacea, Ostracoda) from Idaho. Great Basin Naturalist, 58, 380–385.

    Külköylüoglu, O. & Vinyard, G.L. (2000) Distribution and ecology of freshwater Ostracoda (Crustacea) collected from springs of Nevada, Idaho, and Oregon: a preliminary study. Western North American Naturalist, 60, 291–303.

    Marmonier, P., Meisch, C. & Danielopol, D.L. (1989) A review of the genus Cavernocypris Hartmann (Ostracoda, Cypridopsinae): Systematics, ecology and biogeography. Bulletin de la Société des naturalistes luxembourgeois, 89, 221–278.

    Marmonier, P. & Ward, J. (1990) Superficial and interstitial Ostracoda of the South Platte River (Colorado, U.S.A.) – Systematics and biogeography. Stygologia, 5, 225–239.

    Martens, K. (1987) Homology and functional morphology of the sexual dimorphism in the antenna of Sclerocypris Sars, 1924 (Crustacea, Ostracoda, Megalocypridinae). Bijdragen tot de Dierkunde, 57, 183–190.

    Martens, K. (1992) On Namibcypris costata n. gen., n. sp. (Crustacea, Ostracoda, Candoninae) from a spring in northern Namibia, with the description of a new tribe and a discussion on the classification of the Podocopina. Stygologia, 7, 27–42.

    McKenzie, K.G. (1972) Results of the speleological survey in South Korea 1966. XXII. Subterranean Ostracoda from South Korea. Bulletin of the National Science Museum, Tokyo, 15, 155–166.

    Meisch, C. (2000) Freshwater Ostracoda of Western and Central Europe. Süßwasserfauna von Mitteleuropa 8/3. Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Heidelberg, 522 pp.

    Petkovski, T., Scharf, B.W. & Keyser, D. (2009) Freshwater Ostracoda (Crustacea) collected from caves and the interstitial habitat in Herzegovina, NW Balkan, with the description of two new species. Bulletin de la Société des naturalistes luxembourgeois, 110, 173–181.

    Pieri, V., Caserini, C., Gomarasca, S., Martens, K. & Rossetti, G. (2007) Water quality and diversity of the Recent ostracod fauna in lowland springs from Lombardy (northern Italy). Hydrobiologia, 585, 79–87.
    https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-007-0630-9

    Reeves, J.M., De Deckker, P. & Halse, S.A. (2007) Groundwater Ostracods from the arid Pilbara region of northwestern Australia: distribution and water chemistry. Hydrobiologia, 585, 99–118.
    https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-007-0632-7

    Røen, U. (1956) Results from the Danish Expedition to the French Cameroon 1949-1950: XI. Entomostraca. Bulletin de l'Institut Francais d'Afrique Noire, Serie A, 18 (3), 913–925.

    Rome, R. (1953) Ostracodes cavernicoles de la grotte Tsebahu, Mont Hoyo (Irumu, Congo Belge). Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaines, 47, 34–42.

    Schornikov, E.I. (2004) Chapter III. Annotated list of biota of the islands. In: Tyurin, A.N. (Ed.), Classis Ostracoda – shelled Crustacea. Far-Eastern Marine Biosphere Reserve. Biota. Vol. 2. Dal’nauka, Vladivostok, pp. 458–465. [in Russian]

    Schornikov, E.I. & Trebukhova, Y.A. (2001) Ostracods of brackish and fresh waters of southwestern coast of Peter The Great Bay. In: Kasyanov, V.L., Vaschenko, M. A. & Petruk, D.L. (Eds.), The State of Environment and Biota of the Southwestern Part of Peter the Great Bay and the Tumen River Mouth. Vol. 3. Dal’nauka, Vladivostok, pp. 56–84.

    Smith, A.J. & Horne, D.J. (2016) Class Ostracoda. In: Thorp, J.H. & Covich, A.P. (Eds.), Ecology and General Biology: Thorp and Covich’s Freshwater Invertebrates, Volume 2. Academic Press (Elsevier), Burlington, pp. 477–514.

    Smith, R.J. (2011) Groundwater, spring and interstitial Ostracoda (Crustacea) from Shiga Prefecture, Japan, including descriptions of three new species and one new genus. Zootaxa, 3140, 15–37.

    Smith, R.J. & Kamiya, T. (2006) Six new species of fresh and brackish water ostracods (Crustacea) from Yakushima, Southern Japan. Hydrobiologia, 559, 331–355.
    https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-005-0946-2

    Smith, R.J., Lee, J. & Chang, C.Y. (2015) Nonmarine Ostracoda (Crustacea) from Jeju Island, South Korea, including descriptions of two new species. Journal of Natural History, 49, 37–76.
    https://doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2014.946110

    Smith, R.J., Lee, J., Choi, Y.G., Chang, C.Y. & Colin, J-P. (2012) A Recent species of Frambocythere Colin, 1980 (Ostracoda, Crustacea) from a cave in South Korea; the first extant representative of a genus thought extinct since the Eocene. Journal of Micropalaeontology, 31, 131–138.
    https://doi.org/10.1144/0262-821X11-033

    Smith, R.J. & Tsukagoshi, A. (2005) The ontogeny and musculature of the antennule of podocope ostracods (Crustacea). Journal of Zoology, 265, 157–177.
    https://doi.org/10.1017/S095283690400617X

    Victor, R. & Fernando, C.H. (1981) A new freshwater ostracod (Crustacea, Ostracoda) from Batu Caves, West Malaysia, with the description of Batucyprettinae new subfamily. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 59, 405–414.
    https://doi.org/10.1139/z81-059

    Wolf, J.P. (1920) Die Ostrakoden aus der Umgebung von Basel. Archiv für Naturgeschichte, Abteilung A, 85 (30), 1–100.

    Woo, K.S., Kim, R., Lee, K.C., Choi, Y.G. & Kim, B.H. (2001) Scientific investigation of the Gossi Cave, Yeongwol, Korea. Yeongwol-gun, Gangwon Province, 215 pp. [in Korean]

    Woo, K.S., Lee, K.C., Choi, Y.G., Kim, B.H. & Cheong, Y.S. (2013) Scientific investigation of the Gosu Cave, Danyang, Chungcheongbukdo, Korea. Yushin Inc. & The Cave Research Institute of Korea, Seoul, 208 pp. [in Korean]