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Issue: Vol. 4415 No. 3: 1 May 2018
Type: Article
Published: 2018-05-01
DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4415.3.3
Page range: 452–472
Abstract views: 168
PDF downloaded: 86

Description of Tottonophyes enigmatica gen. nov., sp. nov. (Hydrozoa, Siphonophora, Calycophorae), with a reappraisal of the function and homology of nectophoral canals

National Oceanography Centre, Empress Dock, Southampton, Hants, SO14 3ZH, UK.
Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, 7700 Sandholdt Road, Moss Landing, California 95039, USA.
Siphonophora Calycophorae Tottonophyes enigmatica description systematics Tottonophyidae Coelenterata

Abstract

A new species of calycophoran siphonophore, Tottonophyes enigmatica gen. nov, sp. nov., is described. It has a unique combination of traits, some shared with prayomorphs (including two rounded nectophores) and some with clausophyid diphyomorphs (the nectophores are dissimilar, with one slightly larger and slightly to the anterior of the other, and both possess a somatocyst). Molecular phylogenetic analyses indicate that the new species is the sister group to all other diphyomorphs. A new family, Tottonophyidae, is established for it. Its phylogenetic position and distinct morphology help clarify diphyomorph evolution. The function and homology of the nectophoral canals and somatocyst is also re-examined and further clarification is given to their nomenclature.

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