Abstract
The Neotropical genus Cardiacephala Macquart (Diptera: Micropezidae, Taeniapterinae) is revised. Plocoscelus Enderlein is treated as a new junior synonym, and 15 new species (C. acuminata, C. aeruginosa, C. angularis, C. aspera, C. bulla, C. erugata, C. lobulosa, C. nicaraguensis, C. planivertex, C. rotunda, C. spinosa, C. umbra, C. velutinosa, C. venezuelensis and C. vitrata) are described. Plocoscelus nitidus Hennig is newly recognized as a synonym of C. camptomera, P. plurimaculatus Czerny is synonymized with C. arthritica (Wiedemann) and P. townsendi Cresson is synonymized with C. podagrica (Rondani).
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