Skip to main content Skip to main navigation menu Skip to site footer
Responsive image
Issue: Vol. 4433 No. 1: 11 Jun. 2018
Type: Article
Published: 2018-06-11
DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4433.1.1
Page range: 1–49
Abstract views: 79
PDF downloaded: 1

Pairs in copulation of the highly dimorphic genus Pristocera Klug (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae) from Madagascar solve taxonomic problems of male-female associations

Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Av. Fernando Ferrari 510, Goiabeiras, 29.075-910 Vitória ES, Brazil.
Instituto Federal do Espírito Santo, Av. Vitória 1729, Jucutuquara, 29.040-780 Vitória ES, Brazil.
Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Av. Fernando Ferrari 510, Goiabeiras, 29.075-910 Vitória ES, Brazil.
Hymenoptera Afrotropical parasitoid wasp Pristocerinae sexual dimorphism

Abstract

The main goal of this paper is to update the taxonomic information of the pairs of Pristocera Klug collected in Madagascar by A. Seyrig. Within this material twelve species are recognized, ten are new to science, all based on pairs collected in copulation, which are described and illustrated: P. melmani sp. nov., P. alexi sp. nov., P. martyi sp. nov., P. gloriae sp. nov., P. julieni sp. nov., P. morti sp. nov., P. mauricei sp. nov., P. makungai sp. nov., P. teetsii sp. nov. and P. zubai sp. nov.. Pristocera levicollis (Kieffer) had its female discovered, and P. cambouei Saussure stat. rev. had its lectotype designated. Sclerodermus hova Saussure is transferred back to Pristocera and considered as a junior synonym of P. cambouei. Keys for males and females to the species of Pristocera from Madagascar are provided. The Malagasy fauna of Pristocera is now represented by twelve species, all endemic to this island.

 

References

  1. Azevedo, C.O. (1999) Revision of the Neotropical Dissomphalus Ashmead, 1893 (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae) with median tergal processes. Arquivos de Zoologia, 35, 301–394.
    https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2176-7793.v35i4p301-394

    Azevedo, C.O. & Alencar, I.D.C.C. (2009) Rediscovery of Pristepyris Kieffer (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae), a new synonym of Acrepyris Kieffer. Zootaxa, 2287, 45–54.

    Azevedo, C.O., Colombo, W.D., Alencar, I.D.C.C., Brito, C.D. & Waichert, C. (2016) Pairs in phoretic copulation, a tool for male-female association in highly dimorphic insects of the wasp genus Dissomphalus Ashmead (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae). Zoologia, 33 (6), e20160076.

    Azevedo, C.O., Madl, M. & Olmi, M. (2010) A catalogue of the Bethylidae, Chrysididae, Dryinidae, Embolemidae, Sclerogibbidae and Scolebythidae (Hymenoptera: Chrysidoidea) of the Malagasy subregion. Linzer Biologische Beiträge, 42, 845–918.

    Benoit, P.L.G. (1957) Hymenoptera—Bethylidae. Exploration du Parc National Albert. Mission G. F. De Witte, 1933–1935. Fascicule 88. Institut des Parcs Nationaux de Congo Belge, Tervuren, 57 pp.

    Benoit, P.L.G. (1963a) Monographie des Bethylidae d'Afrique noire (Hymenoptera) I. Sous-famille Pristocerinae tribu Dicrogeniini tribu Pristocerini, gen. Pristocera Klug. Annales du Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Sciences Zoologiques, Serie 8, 119, 1–95.

    Benoit, P.L.G. (1963b) Rectifications à ma revision des Bethylidae (Hymenoptera) africains, Vol I. Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaines, 67, 5–10.

    Evans, H.E. (1964) A synopsis of the American Bethylidae (Hymenoptera, Aculeata). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, 132, 1–222.

    Evans, H.E. (1969) Phoretic copulation in Hymenoptera. Entomological News, 80, 113–124

    Enderlein, G. (1901) Neue Evaniiden, Stephaniden, Mutilliden (Apterogyna), Proctotrupiden und Chalcididen, mit einer Bestimmungstabelle der africanischen Stephaniden. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, 67, 187–220.

    Fabricius, J.C. (1804) Systema Piezatorum secundum ordines, genera, species, adiectis synonymis, locis, observationibus, descriptionibus. Brunsvigae, Carolum Reichard, 439 pp.

    Gordh, G. (1990) Apenesia evansi sp. n. (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) from Australia with comments on phoretic copulation in bethylids. Journal of Australian Entomology, 29, 167–170.
    https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-6055.1990.tb00341.x

    Gordh, G. & Móczár, L. (1990) A catalog of the world Bethylidae (Hymenoptera: Aculeata). Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute, 46, 1–364.

    Harris, R.A. (1979) A glossary of surface sculpturing. Occasional Papers in Entomology, 28, 1–31.

    ICZN [International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature] (1999) International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. The International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London, 306 pp.

    Kawada, R. & Buffington, M.L. (2016) A scalable and modular dome illumination system for scientific microphotography on a budget. PLoS ONE, 11 (5), e0153426.
    https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0153426

    Kawada, R., Lanes, G.O. & Azevedo, C.O. (2015) Evolution of metapostnotum in flat wasps (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae): implications for homology assessments in Chrysidoidea. PLoS ONE, 10 (10), e0140051.
    https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.454.8558

    Kieffer, J.J. (1905) Description de nouveaux Proctotrypidesexotiques. Annales de la Société Scientifique de Bruxelles, Seconde Partie, Mémoires, 29, 95–142.

    Kieffer, J.J. (1907) Beschreibung neuer im British Museum zu London aufbewahrter Proctotrypiden. Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift, 51, 279–302.

    Kieffer, J.J. (1908) Bethylidae. In: Wytsman, P. (Ed.), Genera Insectorum, 76, 1–50.

    Kieffer, J.J. (1911) Nouveaux bethylides et dryinides exotiques du British Museum de Londres. Annales de la Société Scientifique de Bruxelles, Seconde Partie, Mémoires, 35, 200–233.

    Kieffer, J.J. (1913a) Nouveaux microhyménoptères de l'Afrique équatoriale. Bollettino di Laboratorio di Zoologia Generale e Agraria della R. Scuola Superiore d'Agricoltura in Portici, 7, 105–112.

    Kieffer, J.J. (1913b) Proctotrupidae, Cynipidae et Evaniidae. In: Alluaud, C. & Jeannel, R.G. (Eds.), Voyage de Ch. Alluaudet R. Jeannel en Afrique Orientale (1911–1912). Résultatsscientifiques. Hymenoptera I. Albert Schulz, Paris, pp. 1–35.

    Kieffer, J.J. (1914) Bethylidae. Das Tierreich, 41, 228–595.

    Luz, D.R. & Williams, K.A. (2014) The first sexual associations in the genus Darditilla Casal, 1965 (Hymenoptera, Mutillidae). Zookeys, 454, 41–68.

    Miwa, Y. & Sonan, J. (1935) Pristocera formosana, a new species of bethylid wasp parasitizing on elaterid larvae. Taiwan Hakubutsu GakkaiKalho, 25, 90–92.

    Osten, T. (1999) The phoretic copulation of Thynninae in an ecological and evolutionary perspective (Hymenoptera, Tiphiidae). Linzer Biologische Beiträge, 31, 755–762.

    Queiroz-G., E., Cambra, R. & Melo, G.A.R. (2006) Sexual associations for two species of mutillid wasps (Hymenoptera, Mutillidae), with the description of a new species of Anomophotopsis. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 50, 379–384.
    https://doi.org/10.1590/S0085-56262006000300007

    Ramos, M.S. & Azevedo, C.O. (2012) Revision of Eupsenella Westwood, 1874 (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae). Zootaxa, 3539, 1–80.

    Ramos, M.S. & Azevedo, C.O. (2016) Afrobethylus Ramos & Azevedo, gen. nov., a new remarkable Afrotropical genus of Bethylinae (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae). Zootaxa, 4097 (4), 495–510.

    https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4097.4.3

    Saussure, H. de (1892) Volume XX. HistoirenaturelledesHyménoptères. In: Grandidier, A. (Ed.), Histoire Physique, Naturelle et Politique de Madagascar. L’Imprimerie Nationale, Paris, 5 + 22 + 590p. + 27 plates.

    Schulz, W.A. (1906) Spolia Hymenopterologica. Albert Pape, Paderborn, 355 pp.
    https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.59757

    Schulz, W.A. (1911) Zweihundertalte Hymenopteren. Zoologische Annalen—Zeitschriftfür Geschichte der Zoologie, 4, 1–220.

    Snodgrass, R.G. (1941) The male genitalia of Hymenoptera. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, 99 (14), 1–86.

    Stadelmann, H. (1892) Neue Hymenopteren der zool. Sammlung des Kgl. Museums für Naturkunde zu Berlin. Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift, 37, 235–240.
    https://doi.org/10.1002/mmnd.18920370209

    Stadelmann, H. (1894) Eine neue Hymenopteren gattung aus der Familie der Proctotrupiden. Entomologische Nachrichten, 20, 199–202.
    https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.19850

    Terayama, M. (1996) The phylogeny of the bethylid wasp subfamily Pristocerinae (Hymenoptera, BethyIidae). Japanese Journal of Entomology, 64, 587–601

    Turner, R.E. (1915) Notes on fossorial Hymenoptera. XVII. On new Ethiopian species. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 16, 286–299.
    https://doi.org/10.1080/00222931508693715

    Turner, R.E. (1928) New Hymenoptera of the family Bethylidae. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 1, 129–152.
    https://doi.org/10.1080/00222932808672755

    Vargas, J.M. (2008) First record of phoretic copulation in Dissomphalus xanthopus Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae). Entomological News, 118, 470–474.
    https://doi.org/10.3157/0013-872X(2007)118[470:FROPCI]2.0.CO;2

    Westwood, J.O. (1874) Thesaurus Entomologicus Oxoniensis. Clarendon Press, Oxford, 205 pp.
    https://doi.org/10.1163/1876312X-04402003

    Zamprogno, L.N. & Azevedo, C.O. (2014) Phylogeny and reclassification of Pristocera Klug (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae). Insect Systematics & Evolution, 45, 1–49.
    https://doi.org/10.1163/1876312X-04402003