Skip to main content Skip to main navigation menu Skip to site footer
Responsive image
Issue: Vol. 4446 No. 1: 16 Jul. 2018
Type: Article
Published: 2018-07-16
DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4446.1.6
Page range: 81–96
Abstract views: 120
PDF downloaded: 2

The myth of monophagy in Paralobesia (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)? A new species feeding on Cypripedium reginae (Orchidaceae)

Colorado State University, Department of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management, 1177 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA.
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa Research and Development Centre, Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids and Nematodes, 960 Carling Ave., Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0C6, Canada.
Identification Technology Program, USDA-APHIS-PPQ-S&T, 2301 Research Blvd., Suite 108, Fort Collins, Colorado 80526, USA.
Lepidoptera cypripediana Lobesia marilynae monotropana Olethreutinae Polychrosis Rhus

Abstract

The genus Paralobesia Obraztsov, 1953 is found primarily in eastern North America and consists of 18 described and several undescribed species. Prior to 1900, all North American Paralobesia were assumed to be P. viteana (Clemens). However, rearing experiments by William Kearfott in the early 1900s suggested that species of Paralobesia were monophagous and could be separated by host. Recently, a species of Paralobesia was reared from showy lady’s slipper, Cypripedium reginae Walter (Orchidaceae), during a study of two populations of this orchid in eastern Ontario and southwestern Québec. Although originally assumed to be P. cypripediana (Forbes), which was described from specimens reared from Cypripedium in Manitoba, DNA barcode data and genital morphology confirmed that this was a new species similar to P. cypripediana and P. monotropana (Heinrich). Herein, we describe P. marilynae, sp. n., and provide specifics of its discovery and life history. Rearing records indicate that Paralobesia can span the range from strictly monophagous to polyphagous, even for very similar species with similar feeding habits, and that host records should be combined with morphological and molecular data when circumscribing species in this genus. This work is part of a complete systematic revision of Paralobesia currently in progress.

 

References

  1. Bae, Y.S. & Komai, F. (1991) A revision of the Japanese species of the genus Lobesia Guenée (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae), with description of a new subgenus. Tyō to Ga, 42, 115–141.

    Brown, J.W. (2005) World catalogue of insects. Vol. 5. Tortricidae (Lepidoptera). Apollo Books, Stenstrup, 741 pp.

    Brown, J.W., Robinson, G. & Powell, J.A. (2008) Food plant database of the leafrollers of the world (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) (Version 1.0). 384 pp. Available from: http://www.tortricid.net/foodplants.asp (accessed 29 December 2017)

    Brown, J., Janzen, D., Hallwachs, W., Zahiri, R., Hajibabaei, M. & Hebert, P. (2014) Cracking Complex Taxonomy of Costa Rican Moths: Anacrusis Zeller (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Tortricinae). Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society, 68 (4), 248–263.
    https://doi.org/10.18473/lepi.v68i4.a3

    Clarke, J. (1953) New species of Olethreutidae from Illinois (Lepidoptera). Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences, 43, 228–231.

    deWaard, J.R., Ivanova, N.V., Hajibabaei, M. & Hebert, P.D.N. (2008) Assembling DNA Barcodes: Analytical Protocols. In: Cristofre, M., ed. Methods in Molecular Biology: Environmental Genetics. Humana Press Inc., Totowa, pp. 275–293
    https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-548-0_15

    Diakonoff, A. (1954) Records and descriptions of microlepidoptera (7). Zoologische Verhandelingen, 22, 1–58.

    Drummond, A., Ashton, B., Buxton, S., Cheung, M., Cooper, A., Duran, C., Field, M., Heled, J., Kearse, M., Markowitz, S., Moir, R., Stones-Havas, S., Sturrock, S., Thierer, T. & Wilson, A. (2012) Geneious. Version 5.6. Available from: http://www.geneious.com. (accessed 28 July 2017)

    Forbes, W. (1923) Lepidoptera of New York and Neighboring States: Primitive forms, Microlepidoptera, Pyraloids, Bombyces. Cornell University Agricultural Experiment Station, Ithaca, New York, 729 pp.
    https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.23875

    Gilligan, T., Wright, D. & Gibson, L. (2008) Olethreutine moths of the midwestern United States: an identification guide. Ohio Biological Survey, Columbus, Ohio, 334 pp.

    Gilligan, T.M., Wright, D.J., Munz, J., Yakobson, K. & Simmons, M.P. (2014) Molecular phylogeny and revised classification of Eucosma Hübner and related genera (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Eucosmini). Systematic Entomology, 39, 49–67.
    https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12036

    Gilligan, T., Huemer, P. & Wiesmair, B. (2016) Different continents, same species? Resolving the taxonomy of some Holarctic Ancylis Hübner (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Zootaxa, 4178 (3), 347–37.
    https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4178.3.3

    Heinrich, C. (1923a) Revision of the North American moths of the subfamily Eucosminae of the family Olethreutidae. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 123, 1–128.

    Heinrich, C. (1923b) New Olethreutinae from eastern United States (Lepidoptera). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 25, 105–122.

    Heinrich, C. (1926) Revision of the North American moths of the subfamilies Laspeyresiinae and Olethreutinae. United States National Museum Bulletin, 132, 1–216.
    https://doi.org/10.5479/si.03629236.132.1

    Hebert, P., Cywinska, A., Ball, S. & deWaard, J. (2003) Biological identifications through DNA barcodes. Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 270 (1512), 313–321.
    https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2002.2218

    Horak, M. (2006) Olethreutine moths of Australia (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Monographs on Australian Lepidoptera 10. CSIRO, Collingwood Vic., 522 pp.

    Kearfott, W. (1904) North America Tortricidae. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 30, 287–299.

    Kearfott, W. (1907) New North American Tortricidae. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 33, 1–98.

    Klots, A.B. (1903–1942) Type material of North American Microlepidoptera other than Aegeriidae in the American Museum of Natural History. Bulletin of the American Museum of Naural History, 79, 391–424.

    Landry, J.-F., Light, M.H.S. & MacConaill, M. (2015) Barcoding Paralobesia cypripediana (Tortricidae): a stealthy micromoth feeding on the threatened orchid Cypripedium reginae. Genome, 58 (5), 241.

    Light, M.H.S. & MacConaill, M. (2013) Linking orchid conservation and biodiversity. In : Elliott, J., Kurzwell, H.F., O’Byrne, P., Tan, K.W., van der Schans, A.S., Wong, S.M. & Yam, T.W. (Eds.), Proceedings of the 20th World Orchid Conference, Singapore, 2011. National Parks Board & Orchid Society of South East Asia, Singapore, pp. 202–205.

    McDunnough, J. (1938) Some apparently new Eucosmidae (Lepidoptera). The Canadian Entomologist, 70, 90–100.
    https://doi.org/10.4039/Ent7090-5

    McDunnough, J. (1939) Checklist of the Lepidoptera of Canada and the United States of America, Part II Microlepidoptera. Memoirs of the Southern California Academy of Sciences, 2, 39–40.

    Menken, S., Boomsma, J. & van Nieukerken, E. (2010) Large-scale evolutionary patterns of host plant associations in the Lepidoptera. Evolution, 64 (4), 1098–1119.
    https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.2009.00889.x

    Mutanen, M., Aarvik, L. Landry, J.-F., Segerer, A.H. & Karsholt, O. (2012) Epinotia cinereana (Haworth, 1811) bona sp., a Holarctic tortricid distinct from E. nisella (Clerck, 1759) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Eucosmini) as evidenced by DNA barcodes, morphology and life history. Zootaxa, 3318, 1–25.

    Obraztsov, N. (1953) Classification of Holarctic species of the genus Lobesia Guenée, with description of Paralobesia gen. nov. (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae). Tijdschrift voor entomologie, 96, 85–94.

    Powell, J.A. (1983) Tortricidae. In: Hodges, R. (Ed.), Check List of the Lepidoptera of America North of Mexico. E. W. Classey & Wedge Entomological Research Foundation, London, 31 pp.

    Rankou, H. (2014) Cypripedium reginae. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2014: e.T43316825A43327719.

    https://doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2014-1.RLTS.T43316825A43327719.en

    Ratnasingham, S., & Hebert, P.D.N. (2007) BOLD: The Barcode of Life Data System (http://www.barcodinglife.org). Molecular Ecology Notes, 7, 355–364.

    https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-8286.2007.01678.x

    Razowski, J. (1989) The genera of Tortricidae (Lepidoptera). Part II: Palaearctic Olethreutinae. Acta Zoologica.Cracoviensia, 32, 107–328.

    Razowski, J. (2003) Tortricidae of Europe, Volume 2, Olethreutinae. František Slamka, 301 pp.

    Regier, J., Brown, J., Mitter, C., Baixeras, J., Cho, S., Cummings, M., & Zwick, A. (2012) A Molecular Phylogeny for the Leaf-Roller Moths (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) and Its Implications for Classification and Life History Evolution. PloS ONE, 7 (4), 1–17.

    https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0035574

    Swofford, D.L. (2003) PAUP*. Phylogenetic Analysis Using Parsimony (*and Other Methods), Version 4. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, Massachusetts.

    USDA, NRCS. 2018. The PLANTS Database. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC 27401-4901 USA. Available from: https://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=cyre6. (accessed March 2017).

    Zeller. (1871) First annual report of the noxious, beneficial and other insects of the state of Missouri by Ch.V. Riley (Recension). Entomologische Zeitung, 32, 175–179.