Abstract
The white-sand enclaves in the Amazon Basin are small areas scattered through the tropical forest, with sandy and nutrient-poor soils and an unusual vegetation type. The insect fauna of this ecosystem is poorly known, especially in the eastern Amazon. The flesh fly fauna of an area of open herbaceous white-sand vegetation known as “Campo Redondo” in the municipality of Cametá, state of Pará, was surveyed, resulting in the discovery of 43 species in 11 genera representing the subfamilies Sarcophaginae and Miltogramminae. Four new species are described: Dexosarcophaga (Dexosarcophaga) campina sp. nov., Helicobia cametaensis sp. nov., Helicobia domquixote sp. nov., and Metopia fofo sp. nov. Lepidodexia (Lepidodexia) grisea Lopes and Lepidodexia (Notochaeta) setifrons (Lopes) are newly recorded from Brazil. Dexosarcophaga (Bezzisca) ampullula (Engel), D. (Dexosarcophaga) transita Townsend and Titanogrypa (Cucullomyia) larvicida (Lopes) are newly recorded from the Brazilian Amazon.
References
Adis, J., Morais, J.W., Ribeiro, E.F. & Ribeiro, J.C. (1989a) Vertical distribution and abundance of arthropods from white sand soil of a Neotropical campinarana forest during the rainy season. Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment, 24 (4), 193–200.
https://doi.org/10.1080/01650528909360791Adis, J., Ribeiro, E.F., Morais, J.W. & Cavalcante, E.T.S. (1989b) Vertical distribution and abundance of arthropods from white sand soil of a Neotropical campinarana forest during the dry season. Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment, 24 (4), 201–211.
https://doi.org/10.1080/01650528909360792Almeida, I.M., Ribeiro-Costa, C.S. & Marinoni, L. (2003) Manual de coleta, conservação, montagem e identificação de insetos. Holos Editora, Ribeirão Preto, 78 pp.
Amat, E. (2010) Notes on necrophagous flies (Diptera: Calyptratae) associated to fish carrion in Colombian Amazon. Acta Amazonica, 40 (2), 397–400.
https://doi.org/10.1590/S0044-59672010000200018Anderson, A.B. (1981) White-sand vegetation of Brazilian Amazonia. Biotropica, 13 (3), 199–210.
https://doi.org/10.2307/2388125Barros, R.M., Mello-Patiu, C.A. & Pujol-Luz, J.R. (2008) Sarcophagidae (Insecta, Diptera) associados à decomposição de carcaças de Sus scrofa Linnaeus (Suidae) em área de cerrado do Distrito Federal, Brasil. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 52, 606–609.
https://doi.org/10.1590/S0085-56262008000400011Borges, S.H., Cornelius, C., Ribas, C.R.A., Guilherme, E., Aleixo, A., Dantas, S.M., Santos, M.P.D. & Moreira, M.P. (2015) What is the avifauna of Amazonian white-sand vegetation? Bird Conservation International, 2015, 1–13.
Buenaventura, E. & Pape, T. (2017) Phylogeny, evolution and male terminalia functionality of Sarcophaginae (Diptera: Sarcophagidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 20, 1–99.
Cumming, J.M. & Wood, D.M. (2009) Adult morphology and terminology. In: Brown, B.V., Borkent, A., Cumming, J.M., Wood, D.M., Woodley, N.E. & Zumbado, M. (Eds.), Manual of Central American Diptera. Vol. 1. NRC Research Press, Ottawa, pp. 9–50.
Dias, E.S., Neves, D.P. & Lopes, H.S. (1984) Estudos sobre a fauna de Sarcophagidae (Diptera) de Belo Horizonte – Minas Gerais I – Levantamento taxonômico e sinantrópico. Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 79 (1), 83–91.
https://doi.org/10.1590/S0074-02761984000100010Esposito, M.C. & Linhares, A.X. (2002) Califorídeos e outros muscóides da Estação Científica Ferreira Penna. In: Lisboa, P.L.B. (Ed.), Caxiuanã: populações tradicionais, meio físico e diversidade biológica. Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Belém, pp. 579–585.
Ferreira, L.V., Chaves, P.P., Cunha, A.A., Rosário, A.S. & Parolin, P. (2013a) A extração ilegal de areia como causa do desaparecimento de campinas e campinaranas no Estado do Pará, Brasil. Pesquisas, Série Botânica, 64,157–173.
Ferreira, L.V., Santos, J.U.M., Bastos, M.N.C. & Cunha, D.A. (2013b) Primeira ocorrência de Drosera cayennensis Sagot ex Diels (Droseraceae) nas campinas do baixo rio Tocantins, estado do Pará, como subsídio à criação de novas unidades de conservação. Boletim do Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Série Ciências Naturais, 8 (2), 223–230.
Leandro, M.J.F. & D’Almeida, J.M. (2005) Levantamento de Calliphoridae, Fanniidae, Muscidae e Sarcophagidae em um fragmento de mata na Ilha do Governador, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Iheringia, Série Zoologia, 95 (4), 377–381.
https://doi.org/10.1590/S0073-47212005000400006Lees, A.C., Moura, N.G, Almeida, A.S. & Vieira, I.C.G. (2014) Noteworthy ornithological records from the threatened campinas of the lower rio Tocantins, east Amazonian Brazil. Bulletin of the British Ornithologists’ Club, 134 (4), 247–258.
Lopes, H.S. (1951) Sobre o gênero Lepidodexia Brauer & Bergestamm, 1891 (Diptera– Sarcophagidae). Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 49, 641–658.
https://doi.org/10.1590/S0074-02761951000100015Macedo, M. & Prance, G.T. (1978) Notes on the vegetation of Amazonia, II. The dispersal of plants in Amazonian white sand campinas: the campinas as functional islands. Brittonia, 30 (2), 203–215.
https://doi.org/10.2307/2806654Mello-Patiu, C.A. & Pape, T. (2000) Definitions of Dexosarcophaga Townsend, 1917 and Sarcofahrtiopsis Hall, 1933, including two new species and a redescription of Sarcofahrtiopsis cuneata (Townsend, 1935) (Diptera: Sarcophagidae). Boletín de Entomología Venezolana, 15,181–194.
Pape, T. (1987a) Revision of Neotropical Metopia Meigen (Diptera: Sarcophagidae). Systematic Entomology, 12, 81–101.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.1987.tb00550.xPape, T. (1987b) The Sarcophagidae (Diptera) of Fennoscandia and Denmark. Fauna Entomologica Scandinavica, 19, 1–203.
Pape, T. (1996) Catalogue of the Sarcophagidae of the world (Insecta: Diptera). Memoirs on Entomology, International, 8, 1–558.
Pape, T., Blagoderov, V. & Mostovski, M.B. (2011) Order Diptera Linnaeus, 1758. In: Zhang, Z.Q. (Ed.), Animal biodiversity: An outline of higher-level classification and survey of taxonomic richness. Zootaxa, 3148, pp. 222–229.
Pape, T. & Dahlem, G.A. (2010) Sarcophagidae. In: Brown, B.V., Borkent, A., Cumming, J.M., Wood, D.M., Woodley, N.E. & Zumbado, M. (Eds.), Manual of Central American Diptera. Vol. 2. NRC Research Press, Ottawa, pp. 1313–1335.
Pires, J.M. & Prance, G.T. (1985) The vegetation types of Brazilian Amazon. In: Prance, G.T. & Lovejoy, T.E. (Eds.), Key environments: Amazonia. Pergamon Press, Oxford, pp. 109–145.
Rafael, J.A. & Gorayeb, I.S. (1982) Tabanidae (Diptera) da Amazônia, I. Uma nova armadilha suspensa e primeiros registros de mutucas de copas de árvores. Acta Amazonica, 12, 232–237.
https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-43921982121232Sousa, J.R.P., Esposito, M.C. & Carvalho Filho, F.S. (2011) Composition, abundance and richness of Sarcophagidae (Diptera: Oestroidea) in forests and forest gaps with different vegetation cover. Neotropical Entomology, 40, 20–27.
https://doi.org/10.1590/S1519-566X2011000100003Tibana, R. (1976a) Duas novas espécies do gênero Helicobia (Diptera, Sarcophagidae) do Brasil. Revista Brasileira de Biologia, 36, 1–6.
Tibana, R. (1976b) Duas redescrições e uma descrição de espécie nova do gênero Helicobia (Diptera, Sarcophagidae). Revista Brasileira de Biologia, 36, 723–729.
Tibana, R. (1988) Sobre o gênero Punaphyto Townsend, 1916 (Diptera, Sarcophagidae). Revista Brasileira de Biologia, 48, 941–949.
Tibana, R. (1989) Uma nova espécie de Punaphyto Townsend, 1916 (Diptera, Sarcophagidae). Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 84, 519–523.
https://doi.org/10.1590/S0074-02761989000800092