Skip to main content Skip to main navigation menu Skip to site footer
Type: Monograph
Published: 2018-10-29
Page range: 1–84
Abstract views: 309
PDF downloaded: 11

Catalogue of Indian Notodontidae Stephens, 1829 (Lepidoptera: Noctuoidea)

Zoological Survey of India, Prani Vigyan Bhawan, M- Block, New Alipore, Kolkata-700053, West Bengal, India.
Zoological Survey of India, Prani Vigyan Bhawan, M- Block, New Alipore, Kolkata-700053, West Bengal, India
Zoological Survey of India, Prani Vigyan Bhawan, M- Block, New Alipore, Kolkata-700053, West Bengal, India.
Department of Zoology, The University of Burdwan, Rajbati, Bardhaman-713104, West Bengal, India.
Zoological Survey of India, Prani Vigyan Bhawan, M- Block, New Alipore, Kolkata-700053, West Bengal, India.
Zoological Survey of India, Prani Vigyan Bhawan, M- Block, New Alipore, Kolkata-700053, West Bengal, India.
Zoological Survey of India, Prani Vigyan Bhawan, M- Block, New Alipore, Kolkata-700053, West Bengal, India.
Lepidoptera Himalaya Biogeographic Affinities Altitudinal Distribution Deccan Penninsula Zoogeography Forest Pests

Abstract

The present communication consists of the first ever catalogue of Indian Notodontidae Stephens, 1829 comprising systematic accounts of 242 species (including nominotypical subspecies) and 10 subspecies under 116 genera of 10 subfamilies with four new records to India viz. Phalera (Phalera) birmicola Bryk, 1949, Spatalina desiccata stolida Schintlmeister, 2007, Hiradonta hannemanni Schintlmeister, 1989 and Kamalia tattakana (Matsumura, 1927). The account was prepared by compiling findings from both literature survey and field sampling carried out at various Protected Areas in the Indian Himalayas and Chhattisgarh state in the Deccan Peninsular region of India. Zoogeographic analysis of Indian Notodontidae reveals a majority of the assemblage showing Oriental (58.27%) and Palaearctic (40.49%) affinities with maximum species of Sundanian (80.00%), followed by Himalayan (77.65%) origins. In India, the majority of the species are distributed in the Himalayan (35.33%) and North-East (39.40%) biogeographic zones, reflecting maximum endemicity. Extensive surveys in the less explored southern part of the country are expected to enrich the inventory of Indian Notodontidae. The distribution map and detailed illustrations of the four new records are provided.

 

References

  1. Ahmad, M., Mishra, R., Ahmad, M.J. & Pandey, R. (2002) Defoliation Capability of Poplar Defoliator Clostera cupreata Butler (Lepidoptera, Notodontidae). Indian Forester, 128 (12), 1360–1366.

    Ahmad, M. & Faisal, M. (2012) Status of Insect Pests of Poplar in India with Special Reference to Clostera spp. Forestry Bulletin, 12 (1), 105–122.

    Anonymous (2018) Allata violacaeus Schintlmeister, 1997. In Sondhi, S., Sondhi, Y., Roy, P. & Kunte, K. (Eds.), Moths of India. Vol. 2.00. Indian Foundation for Butterflies. Available from: http://www.mothsofindia.org/sp/355909/Allata-violacaeus (accessed 2 August 2017)

    Basso, A., Simonato, M., Cerrettia, P., Paolucci, P. & Battisti, A. (2016) A Review of the “Summer” Thaumetopoea spp. (Lepidoptera, Notodontidae, Thaumetopoeinae) associated with Cedrus and Pinus. Turkish Journal of Forestry, 17, 31–39.
    https://doi.org/10.18182/tjf.23128

    Bandyopadhyay, B. & Ghosh, M.R. (1992) Life History of Stauropus alternus Wlk. (Notodontidae, Lepidoptera) on Red–gram (Cajanus cajan). Annals of Entomology, 10 (1), 63–65.

    Bänziger, H. (1988) The Heaviest Tear Drinkers: Ecology and Systematics of New and Unusual Notodontid Moths. Natural History Bulletin of the Siam Society, 36, 17–53.

    Bhattacharya, D.P. (1981) On Little Known Species of Genus Dudusa Walker (Lepidoptera, Notodontidae) from India. Records Zoological Survey of India, 79, 259–266.

    Bremer, O. (1861) Neue Lepidopteren aus Ost-Sibirien und Dem Amur-Lande, Gesammelt by Radde und Maack, Beschrieben von Otto Bremer. Bulletin l’Académie Impériale des Sciences de St.-Pétersbourg, 3, 462–496.

    Bryk, F. (1942) Zur Kenntnis der Gross-Schmetterlinge der Kurilen. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift Iris, 56, 3–90.

    Bryk, F. (1942) Eine Neue Unterart von Pygaera aus Schweden (Lep. Notodont.). Opuscula Entomologica Lund, 7, 106–107.

    Bryk, F. (1949) Entomological Results from the Swedish Expedition 1934 to Burma and British India. Lepidoptera, Notodontidae Stephens, Cossidae Newman und Hepialidae Stephens. Arkiv för Zoologi, 42 A, 1–51.

    Bryk, F. (1950) Eine kleine Ausbeute von nordindischen Spinnern. Entomologisk Tidskrift, 71 (1), 55–59.

    Butler, A.G. (1872) Description of a New Genus and Species of Heterocerous Lepidoptera. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History including Zoology, Botany, and Geology, Series 4, 10, 125–126.
    https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7998.1869.tb07289.x

    Butler, A.G. (1877) Descriptions of New Species of Heterocera from Japan. Sphinges and Bombyces. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History including Zoology, Botany, and Geology, Series 4, 20 (I), 473–483.

    Butler, A.G. (1880) Descriptions of New Species of Asiatic Lepidoptera Heterocera. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History including Zoology, Botany, and Geology, Series 5, 6, 61–69.
    https://doi.org/10.1080/00222938009458894

    Butler, A.G. (1881) Descriptions of New Genera and Species of Heterocerous Lepidoptera from Japan. The Transactions of the Entomological Society of London, 29 (1 & 4), 1–23 & 579–600.
    https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2311.1881.tb01529.x

    Butler, A.G. (1886) Illustrations of Typical Specimens of Lepidoptera Heterocera in the Collection of the British Museum. Part 6. British Museum, London, 89 pp.
    https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.53701

    Cai, R.Q. (1979) New Genus and New Species of Chinese Notodontidae (Lepidoptera). Acta Entomologica Sinica, 28, 462–467.

    Cai, R.Q. (1982) Lepidoptera, Notodontidae, Limacodidae. Insects of XizangI, 2, 23–34.

    Champion H.G. & Seth, S.K. (1968) A Revised Survey of the Forest Types of India. Government of India Press, Delhi, 404 pp.

    Chandra, K. & Nema, D.K. (2008) Moths of Bandhavgarh National Park, Madhya Pradesh. Records of the Zoological Survey of India, 108 (2), 95–110.

    Chandra, K., Sharma, R.M. & Ojha, P. (2010) A Compendium on the Faunal Resources of Narmada River Basin in Madhya Pradesh, Records of the Zoological Survey of India, Occasional Paper No. 310. Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata, 181 pp.

    Denis, M. & Schiffermüller, I. (1775) Ankündung eines Systematischen Werkes von den Schmetterlingen der Wienergegend. Beck, Wien, 323 pp.

    Dierl, W. (1976) Neue Notodontidae (Lep.) aus Asien. Entomologische Zeitschrift, 86, 83–85.

    Dierl, W. (1978) Zwei Neue Notodontidae (Lepidoptera) aus dem Himalaya. Nachrichtenblatt der Bayerischen Entomologen, 27, 71–73.

    Druce, H. (1901) Descriptions of Some New Species of Heterocera. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History including Zoology, Botany, and Geology, Series 7, 7, 74–79.

    Drury, D. (1773) Illustrations of Natural History. Wherein are exhibited Upwards of Two Hundred and Twenty Figures of Exotic Insects. Vol. II. B. White, London, 90 pp.
    https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.61910

    Dudgeon, G.C. (1898) A Catalogue of the Heterocera of Sikhim and Bhutan. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, 11 (III), 624–634.

    Dudgeon, G.C. (1898) A Catalogue of the Heterocera of Sikhim and Bhutan. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, 12 (IV), 32–42.

    Dyar, H.G. (1897) A Generic Revision of the Ptilodontidae and Melalophidae. Transactions and Proceedings of the Entomological Section of the Academy of Natural Sciences, 24, 1–20.

    Ebert, G. (1968) Afghanische Bombyces und Sphinges. Notodontidae. Reichenbachia, Series 2, 10, 199–205.

    Eecke, R.V. (1929) De Heterocera van Sumatra. Zoologische Mededeelingen, 12 (VII), 28–175.

    Eecke, R.V. (1930) De Heterocera van Sumatra, Eerste Deel. E. J. Brill, Leiden, 456 pp.

    Elwes, H.J. (1890) On Some New Moths from India. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, I, 378–401.

    Fabricius, J.C. (1793-1798) Entomologica Systematica Emendata et aucta. Tom III. Pars I. Proft, C.G., Hafniae, 487 pp.
    https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.125869

    Felder, C. & Felder, R. (1874) Heterocera. Bombyces & Sphinges. In: Felder, R. & Rogenhofer, A.F. (Eds.), Reise der Österreichischen Fregatte Novara um die Erde in den Jahren 1857, 1858, 1859 Unter den Beihilfen des Commodore B. von Wüllerstorf-Urbair. Zoologischer Theil, Zweiter Band, Zweiter Abtheilung, Lepidoptera. Atlas—K.K. Hof und Staatsdruckerei, Vienna, pp. 75–107.

    Felder, C., Felder, R. & Rogenhofer, A.F. (1874) Heterocera. In: Felder, R. & Rogenhofer, A.F. (Eds.), Reise der Österreichischen Fregatte Novara um die Erde in den Jahren 1857, 1858, 1859 Unter den Beihilfen des Commodore B. von Wüllerstorf-Urbair. Zoologischer Theil. Zweiter Band. Zweiter Abtheilung. Lepidoptera. Atlas—K.K. Hof und Staatsdruckerei, Vienna, pp. 121–140.

    Fry, R. & Waring, P. (1996) A Guide to Moth Traps and Their Use, 24. Amateur Entomologists' Society, London, 60 pp.

    Gaede, M. (1930) Notodontidae. In: Seitz, A. (Ed.), Die Großschmetterlinge der Erde, Die Indoaustralische Spinner und Schwärmer. Band 10. A. Kernen Verlag, Stuttgart, pp. 577–663.

    Gardner, J.C.M. (1943) Immature Stages of Indian Lepidoptera. Indian Journal of Entomology, 5, 89–102.

    Gardner, J.C.M. (1943) Immature Stages of Indian Lepidoptera. Ibid, 7, 139–144.

    Grote, A.R. (1876) On a New Canadian Bombycid moth. The Canadian Entomologist, 8, 125–126.
    https://doi.org/10.4039/Ent8125-7

    Grünberg, K. (1912) Notodontidae. In: Seitz, A. (Ed.), Die Großschmetterlinge der Erde, Die Paläarktische Bombyciden und Sphingiden. Band 2. A. Kernen Verlag, Stuttgart, pp. 1–479.

    Gurule, S.A. (2013) Taxonomic Study of Moths (Lepidoptera Heterocera) from North Maharashtra (India). Thesis submitted to University of Pune, Pune, 252 pp.

    Hampson, G.F. (1891) Illustrations of Typical Specimens of Lepidoptera Heterocera in the Collection of the British Museum, Part VIII. The Lepidoptera Heterocera of the Nilgiri District. British Museum, London, 144 pp.

    Hampson, G.F. (1892) The Fauna of British India Including Ceylon and Burma, Moths. Vol. I. Taylor & Francis, London, 527 pp.

    Hampson, G.F. (1893) Illustrations of Typical Specimens of Lepidoptera Heterocera in the Collection of the British Museum. Part IX. The Macrolepidoptera Heterocera of Ceylon. British Museum, London, 182 pp.

    Hampson, G.F. (1895) Descriptions of New Heterocera from India. The Transactions of the Entomological Society of London, 1895, 277–315.
    https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2311.1895.tb01672.x

    Hampson, G.F. (1896) The Fauna of British India Including Ceylon and Burma. Moths. Vol. IV. Taylor & Francis, London, 494 pp.

    Hampson, G.F. (1897) The Moths of India. Supplementary Paper to the Volumes in “The Fauna of British India”, Part I. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, 11 (II), 277–297.

    Hampson, G.F. (1900) The Moths of India. Supplementary Paper to the Volumes in “The fauna of British India”, Series II, Part I. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, 13 (I), 37–51.

    Hampson, G.F. (1904) The Moths of India. Supplementary Paper to the Volumes in “The fauna of British India”, Series III, Part II. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, 16 (II), 132–152.

    Hampson, G.F. (1910) The Moths of India. Supplementary Paper to the Volumes in “The fauna of British India”, Series IV, Part I. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, 20 (I), 83–125.

    Hampson, G.F. (1912) The Moths of India. Supplementary Paper to the Volumes in “The fauna of British India”, Series IV, Part V. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, 21 (3), 1222–1272.

    Holloway, J.D. & Bender, R. (1985) Further Notes on the Notodontidae of Sumatra, with Description of Seven New Species. Heterocera Sumatrana, 5, 102–112.

    Holloway, J.D. (1982) Appendix. In: Barlow, H.S., An Introduction to the Moths of South East Asia. Malayan Nature Society, Kuala Lumpur, 305 pp.

    Holloway, J.D. (1983) Moths of Borneo, Part 4, Family Notodontidae, The Malayan Nature Journal. Southdene Sdn Bhd., Kuala Lumpur, 107 pp.

    Hübner, J. (1819) Verzeichniss bekannter Schmettlinge, Ausburg, 516 pp.
    https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.48607

    Joannis, J.de (1929) Lépidoptères Hétérocères du Tonkin. Annales de la Société D’entomologique de France, Series 2e, 98, 361–552.

    Kirby, W.F. (1892) A Synonymic Catalogue of Lepidoptera Heterocera, (Moths). Vol. 1. Sphinges and Bombyces. Gurney & Jackson, London, 951 pp.
    https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.9152

    Kiriakoff, S.G. (1964) Sur Quelques Types de Notodontidae Africains (Lepidoptera). Bulletin et Annales de la Société Royale d’Entomologie de Belgique, 100 (15), 211–224.

    Kiriakoff, S.G. (1959) Entomological Results of the Swedish Expedition 1934 to Burma and British India. Lepidoptera, Family Notodontidae. Arkiv för Zoologi, Series 2, 12 (20), 313–333.

    Kiriakoff, S.G. (1960) Les Notodontidae (Lepidoptera) de la Collection van Delden. Bulletin Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, 36 (17), 1–12.

    Kiriakoff, S.G. (1962) Notes sur les Notodontidae (Lepidoptera) Pydna Walker et Genres Voisins. Bulletin et Annales Société d’Entomologi de Belgique, Series 2, 98, 149–214.

    Kiriakoff, S.G. (1963) Die Notodontiden der Ausbeuten H. Hönes aus Ostasien (Lepidoptera, Notodontidae). Bonner Zoologische Beiträge, 14, 248–293.

    Kiriakoff, S.G. (1967) New Genera and Species of Oriental Notodontidae (Lepidoptera). Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, 110, 37–64.

    Kiriakoff, S.G. (1968) Lepidoptera Familia Notodontidae Pars Tertia Genera Indo–Australica. In: Wytsman, P. (Ed.), Genera Insectorum. Fasc. 217 C. Anvers. Imprimerie et Editions Mercurius, s.p.r.l., Kraainem, pp. 1–269.

    Kiriakoff, S.G. (1970) New or Less Known Indo-Australian Notodontidae (Lepidoptera). Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, 113, 105–123.

    Kiriakoff, S.G. (1974) Neue und Wenig Bekannte Asiatische Notodontidae (Lepidoptera). Veröffentlichungen der Zoologischen Staatssammung München, 17, 371–421.

    Kobayashi, H., Kishida, Y. & Wang, M. (2008) A New Species of the Genus Tarsolepis from Sulawesi (Lepidoptera, Notodontidae). Tinea, 21 (4), 171–176.

    Kobayashi, H. & Kishida, Y. (2007) On Some Species and New Taxa of the Genus Mimopydna (Notodontidae, Lepidoptera). Tinea, 20, 59–66.

    Kobayashi, H. & Chen, L. (2011). Notodontidae. In: Wang, M. & Kishida, Y. (Eds.), Moths of Guangdong Nanling National Nature Reserve. Goecke & Evers, Kertern, pp. 164–202.

    Kobayashi, H. & Nonaka, M. (2016) Molecular Phylogeny of the Notodontidae: Subfamilies Inferred from 28S rRNA Sequences (Lepidoptera, Noctuoidea, Notodontidae). Tinea, 23 (1), 1–83.

    Kollar, V. (1844) Aufzählung und Beschreibung der von Freiherrn Carl v. Hügel auf Seiner Reise Durch Kaschmir und das Himalayagebirge Gesammelten Insecten, von Vinzenz Kollar und Dr. Ludwig Redtenbacher. In: Hügel C.V. (Ed.), Kaschmir und das Reich der Siek. Band 4. Vol. 2. Hallberger‘sche Verlagshandlung, Stuttgart, pp. 394–564.

    Leech, J.H. (1898) On Lepidoptera Heterocera from Northern China, Japan, Corea. The Transactions of the Entomological Society London, 1898, 261–379.

    Lempke, B.J. (1959) Catalogus der Nederlandse Macrolepidoptera (Zesde Supplement). Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, 102, 57–134.

    Linnaeus, C. (1758) Systema Naturae. Per Regna Tria Naturae, Secundum Classes, Ordines Genera Species, cum Characteribus, Differentiis, Synonymis, Locis. Vol. 1. Laurentii Slavii, Holmiae, 824 pp.

    Liu, Q., Chen, J. & Hao, D.J. (2013) Antennal Morphology and Sensilla of the Black-Back Prominent Moth, Clostera anastomosis Linnaeus (Lepidoptera, Notodontidae). Entomological News, 123 (2), 110–130.
    https://doi.org/10.3157/021.123.0209

    Luh, C.J. (1947) Studies on the Bionomies and Prothetely of Pygaera rufa, a New Notodontid from Kunming (Lep.). Acta Agriculturae, 1 (1), 61–94.

    Marumo, N. (1920) A Revision of the Notodontidae of Japan, Corea and Formosa with Description of 5 New Genera and 5 New Species. Journal of the College of Agricultural, Imperial University of Tokyo, 6, 273–359.

    Matsumura, S. (1909) Thousand Insects of Japan. Vol. 1. Teiseisha, Tokyo, 141 pp.

    Matsumura, S. (1920) New Genera and New Species of the Notodontidae from Japan. Zoological Magazine, 32, 139–151. [in Japanese].

    Matsumura, S. (1922) A Critical Review to Marumo’s Paper on the Notodontidae, with Descriptions of New Species. Zoological Magazine, 34, 517–523. [in Japanese]

    Matsumura, S. (1925) On the Formosan Notodontidae. Zoological Magazine, 37, 391–409. [in Japanese]

    Matsumura, S. (1927) New Species and Subspecies of Moths from the Japan Empire. Journal of the College of Hokkaido Imperial University, 19, 1–91.

    Matsumura, S. (1929a) Generic Revision of the Palaearctic Notodontidae. Insecta Matsumurana, 4 (1–2), 78–93.

    Matsumura, S. (1929b) New Species and Genera of Notodontidae. Insecta Matsumurana, 4 (1–2), 36–48.

    Matsumura, S. (1934) Two New Genera, Four New Species and One New Form of Notodontidae from Japan and Formosa. Insecta Matsumurana, 8, 152–155.

    Mell, R. (1922) Neue Südchinesische Lepidoptera. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift, 113–129.
    https://doi.org/10.1002/mmnd.192219220111

    Miller, J.S. (1991) Cladistics and Classifcation of the Notodontidae (Lepidoptera: Noctuoidea) Based on Larval and Adult Morphology. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 204, 1–230.

    Horsfield, T. & Moore, F. ([1860] 1858) A Catalogue of the Lepidopterous Insects in the Museum of Natural History at the East-India House. Vol. 2. W.M.H. Allen and Co., London, 440 pp.

    Moore, F. (1866) On the Lepidopterous Insects of Bengal. Proceedings of the Scientific Meetings of the Zoological Society of London, 755–822.
    https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7998.1865.tb02432.x

    Moore, F. (1872) Descriptions of New Indian Lepidoptera. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1872, 555–582.

    Moore, F. (1877) New Species of Heterocerous Lepidoptera of the Tribe Bombyces, Collected by Mr. W.B. Pryer, chiefly in the District of Shanghai. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History including Zoology, Botany, and Geology, Series 4, 20, 83–94.
    https://doi.org/10.1080/00222937708682201

    Moore, F. (1879) Descriptions of New Genera and Species of Asiatic Lepidoptera Heterocera. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1879, 387–417.
    https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1879.tb02671.x

    Moore, F. (1879) Heterocera. In: Hewitson, W.C. & Moore, F. (Eds.), Descriptions of New Indian Lepidopterous Insects from the Collection of the Late Mr. W. S. Atkinson, M.A., F.I.S. & C. Asiatic Society of Bengal, Calcutta. Issue 13. Taylor & Francis, London, pp. 5–299.

    Moore, F. (1881) Descriptions of New Genera and Species of Asiatic Lepidoptera Heterocera. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1881, 326–380.
    https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1879.tb02671.x

    Moore, F. (1882) The Lepidoptera of Ceylon. Vol. II. L. Reeve & Co., London, 162 pp.
    https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.8801

    Moore, F. (1883) Descriptions of New Genera and Species of Asiatic Lepidoptera Heterocera. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1883, 15–29.
    https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1879.tb02671.x

    Moore, F. (1884) Descriptions of New Species of Indian Lepidoptera—Heterocera. Transactions of the Zoological Society of London, 1884, 355–376.

    Moore, F. (1888) Descriptions of New Genera and Species of Lepidoptera Heterocera, Collected by Rev. J.H. Hocking, chiefly in the Kangra District, N. W. Himalaya. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1888, 390–401.
    https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7998.1888.tb06720.x

    Nakamura, M. (1960) Third Notes on Nomenclature of Some Notodontid-species (Lep.). Lepidoptera Science, 11 (3), 34–38.
    https://doi.org/10.18984/lepid.11.3_34

    Nakamura, M. (1973) Newly Recorded Notodontidae from Formosa. Entomological Review of Japan, 25 (1/2), 53–59.

    Nakamura, M. (1974) Notodontidae of Eastern Nepal Based on the Collection of the Lepidopterological Research Expedition to Nepal Himalaya by the Lepidopterological Society of Japan in 1963 (Lepidoptera). Lepidoptera Science, 25 (4), 115–129.
    https://doi.org/10.18984/lepid.25.4_115

    Nakamura, M. (1976) Philippine Notodontidae (Lepidoptera) taken by the Entomological Survey of the Japan Entomological Academy in Cooperation with Nanzan University and San Carlos University in 1970. Lepidoptera Science, 27 (4), 138–142.
    https://doi.org/10.18984/lepid.27.4_138

    Nakamura, M. (1976) Some Notodontidae from Malaysia and Burnei (Lepidoptera). Lepidoptera Science, 27 (1), 35–42.
    https://doi.org/10.18984/lepid.27.1_35

    Nakamura, M. (1978) Some New Species and Subspecies of Notodontidae from Japan and Adjacent Regions. Tinea, 10, 214–224.

    Nakatomi, K. (1977) A New Subspecies of Dudusa sphingiformis from Korea and Tsushima Island with Description of the Last Instar Larva (Lepidoptera Notodontidae). Entomological Review of Japan, 30, 41–42.

    Oberthür, C. (1914) Lépidoptères de la Région Sino-Thibétaine—Études de Lépidoptérologie Comparée, Vol. 9. Imprimerie Oberthür, Rennes, 148 pp.

    Okano, M. (1955) A Revision of the Genus Phalera Hübner from Japan (Lepidoptera, Notodontidae). Annual Report of the Gakugei Faculty of the Iwate University, 8 (2), 49–55.

    Okano, M. (1955) Notes on Some Japanese Notodontidae (Lepidoptera). Annual Report of the Gakugei Faculty of the Iwate University, 9 (2), 49–55.

    Okano, M. (1958) New or Little Known Moths from Formosa. Annual Report of the Gakugei Faculty of the Iwate University, 13, 51–56.

    Okano, M. (1959) New or Little Known Moths from Formosa. Annual Report of the Gakugei Faculty of the Iwate University, 14 (2), 37–42.

    Okano, M. (1960) New or Little Known Moths from Formosa. Annual Report of the Gakugei Faculty of the Iwate University, 16 (4), 9–20.

    Orhant, G.E.R.J. (1995) Description d’un Nouveau Somera de Malaisie (Lepidoptera Notodontidae). Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique de Mulhouse, 51, 71–73.

    Packard, M.D.S. (1864) Synopsis of the Bombycidae of the United States. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Philadelphia, 3, 331–396.

    Pagenstecher, A.F. (1894) Beiträge zur Lepidopteren—Fauna des Malayischen Archipels. Über Javanische Schmetterlinge und Einige von der Insel Sumba. Jahrbücher des Nassauischen Vereins für Naturkunde, Series IX, 47, 25–58.

    Pfitzner, R. (1901) Die Macrolepidopteren der Sprottauer Gegend. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift Iris, 14, 88–112.

    Rao, K.T., Krishna, I.S.R. & Reddy, C.S. (2007) Biodiversity of Nallamalai Hill Ranges, Eastern Ghats, India. Proceedings of the National Seminar on Conservation of Eastern Ghats, 2007, 214–221.

    Retzius, A.J. (1783) Caroli de Geer Genera et Species Insectorum e Generalissimi Auctoris Scriptis Extraxit, Digessit, Latine Qvoad Partem Reddidit, et Terminologiam Insectorum Linneanam Addidit. Sigfried Lebrecht Crusium, Lipsiae, 220 pp.

    Robinson, G.S. (1976) The Preparation of Slides of Lepidoptera Genitalia with Special Reference to the Microlepidoptera. Entomologist’s Gazette, 27, 127–132.

    Robinson, G.S., Ackery, P.R., Kitching, I.J., Beccaloni G.W. & Hernández, L.M. (2010) HOSTS—A Database of the World's Lepidopteran Hostplants. Natural History Museum, London. Available from: http://www.nhm.ac.uk/hosts (accessed 12 August 2017)

    Roepke, W. (1943) On the Genera Dudusa Walk. and Tarsolepis Butl. in the Dutch East Indies (Lepidopt. Het., Fam. Notodontidae). Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, 36, 77–83.

    Roepke, W. (1943) Remarks on New or Little Known Indomalayan Moths (Lepid. Heteroc.) Natuurhistorisch Maandblad, 32, 78–80 + 93–94 + 102–103.

    Roepke, W. (1944) Remarks on New or Little Known Indomalayan Moths (Lepid. Heteroc.). Natuurhistorisch Maandblad, 33, 1–5 + 19–22 + 39–40.

    Rosenzweig, C., Casassa, G., Karoly, D.J., Imeson, A., Liu, C., Menzel, A., Rawlins, S., Root, T.L., Seguin, B., Tryjanowski, P. & Hanson, C.E. (2007) Assessment of observed changes and responses in natural and managed systems. In: Parry, M.L., Canziani, O.F., Palutikof, J.P., van der Linden, P.J. & Hanson, C.E. (Eds.), Climate Change 2007: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability. Contribution of Working Group II to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 79–131.

    Rothschild, W.L. (1917) On Some apparently New Notodontidae. Novitates Zoologicae, 24, 231–264.

    Roy, S., Muraleedharan, N. & Pujari, D. (2014) A Catalogue of Arthropod Pests and their Natural Enemies in the Tea Ecosystem of India. Two and a Bud, 61 (1 & 2), 11–39.

    Sangha, K.S. (2011) Evaluation of Management Tools for the Control of Poplar Leaf Defoliators (Lepidoptera, Notodontidae) in Northwestern India. Journal of Forestry Research, 22 (1), 77–82.
    https://doi.org/10.1007/s11676-011-0129-0

    Sangha, K.S. & Sohi, A.S. (2008) Prospective Biological Control Agents for Regulation of Population of Clostera fulgurita (Walker) on Poplar in Punjab. Indian Journal of Forestry, 31 (1), 95–98.

    Sangha, K.S., Shera, P.S., Singh, G., Chauhan, S.K., Sharma, R., Garg, R.K., Singh, K. & Saralch, H.S. (2011) Clostera resitura (Walker) Larval Behaviour on Poplar (Populus deltoides) Clones. Indian Journal of Ecology, 38, 178–182.

    Sangha, K.S. & Sohi, A.S. (2008) Comparative Biology of Clostera fulgurita (Walker) (Lepidoptera, Notodontidae) on Different Clones of Poplar (Populus deltoides) in Punjab. Indian Forester, 134 (12), 1646–1657.

    Sanyal, A.K. (2015) Diversity and Distribution of Moth Assemblages Along Altitudinal Gradient in Gangotri Landscape, India. Thesis submitted to Saurashtra University, Rajkot, 383 pp.

    Satpathi, C.R. & Ghosh, M.R. (1991) Consumption and Utilisation of Red Gram Leaves by the Larvae of Stauropus alternus Walker (Notodontidae, Lepidoptera). Annals of Entomology, 9, 51–54.

    Schaus, W. (1905) Descriptions of New South American Moths. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 29, 179–345.

    Schaus, W. (1928) New Moths of the Family Ceruridae (Notodontidae) in the United States National Museum. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 73 (19), 1–90.

    Schintlmeister, A. & Fang, C.L. (2001) New and Less Known Notodontidae from Mainland China (Insecta, Lepidoptera, Notodontidae). Neue Entomologische Nachrichten, 50, 1–143.

    Schintlmeister, A. (1989) Zoogeographie der Palaearktischen Notodontidae (Lepidoptera). Neue Entomologische Nachrichten, 25, 1–117.

    Schintlmeister, A. (1993) Cerura (Neocerura) thomasi spec. nov., eine Neue Art aus dem Osthimalaya (Lepidoptera : Notodontidae). Nachrichten Entomologischer Verein Apollo, Neue Folge, 13 (3a), 401–404.

    Schintlmeister, A. (1994) Check-list of the Notodontidae of Sundaland (Excluding Java) with Description of New Species (Lepidoptera, Notodontidae). Heterocera Sumatrana, 7, 207–252.

    Schintlmeister, A. (1997) Moths of Vietnam with Special Reference to Mt. Fan-si-pan. Family Notodontidae. Entomofauna, 9 (4), 33–248.

    Schintlmeister, A. (1998) Notes on Some Asiatic Furcula Lamarck, 1816 (Lepidoptera, Notodontidae). Entomofauna, 19, 77–108.

    Schintlmeister, A. (2001) Resto gen. n. and Resomera gen. n., Two New Oriental Genera with Description of Four New Species (Insecta: Lepidoptera: Notodontidae). Reichenbachia, 34, 175–180.

    Schintlmeister, A. (2002) Further New Notodontidae from Mainland China (Lepidoptera, Notodontidae). Atalanta, 33, 187–202.

    Schintlmeister, A. (2003) Die Gattung Stauropus Germar, 1812 (Lepidoptera, Notodontidae). Nachrichten des Entomologischen Vereins Apollo, 24 (3), 97–118.

    Schintlmeister, A. (2006) Die Gattung Netria Walker, 1855 (Lepidoptera, Notodontidae). Nachrichten Entomologischer Verein Apollo, Neue Folge, 27 (1/2), 65–94.

    Schintlmeister, A. (2008) Palaearctic Macrolepidoptera. Vol. 1. Notodontidae. Apollo Books, Stenstrup, 482 pp.

    Schintlmeister, A. (2013) Notodontidae & Oenosandridae (Lepidoptera). In: World Catalogue of Insects. Vol. 11. Brill, Leiden, pp. 1–605.

    Schintlmeister, A. & Lourens, J. (2010) The Philippine Notodontidae (Lepidoptera). Quadrifina, 8, 1–349.

    Schintlmeister, A. & Pinratana, A. (2007) Moths of Thailand. Vol. 5. Notodontidae. Brothers of Saint Gabriel, Bangkok, 320 pp.

    Scott, A.W. (1864) Australian Lepidoptera and their Transformations, drawn from the Life by Harriet and Helena Scott. Vol. I. John van Voorst, London, 36 pp.

    Semper, G. (1898-1901) Die Nachtfalter Heterocera. In: Semper, G. (Ed.), Reisen im Archipel der Philippinen. 6. Zweiter Theil Wissenschaftliche Resultate. C.W. Kreidel, Wiesbaden, pp. 86–728.

    Semper, G. (1902) Die Schmetterlinge der Philippinischen In: Semper, G. (Ed.), Die Nachtfalter, Heterocera. Band 2. C.W.K. Verlag, Wiesbaden, pp. 381–728.

    Sen-Sarma, P.K. (2008) Forest Insect Pests and Their Management. In: Jha, L.K. & Sen-Sarma, P.K. (Eds.), A Manual of Forestry Extension Education. Nangia, S.B., APH Publishing Corporation, New Delhi, pp. 341–374.

    Shubhalaxmi, V., Kendrick, R.C., Vaidya, A., Kalagi, N. & Bhagwat, A. (2011) Inventory of Moth Fauna (Lepidoptera, Heterocera) of the Northern Western Ghats, Maharashtra, India. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, 108 (3), 183–205.

    Singh, A.P., Bhandari, R.S. & Verma, T.D. (2004) Important Insect Pests of Poplars in Agroforestry and Strategies for their Management in Northwestern India. Agroforestry Systems, 63 (1), 15–26.

    Singh, A.P. & Pandey, R. (2002) Natural Resistance of Populus deltoides clones Selection of Defoliator Clostera cupreata (Lepidoptera, Notodontidae) in Northern India, Relative Pupal Weight as an Easy Criteria for Accurate Evaluation. Journal of Applied Enotomology, 126, 475–480.

    https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0418.2002.00675.x

    Singh, N. & Ahmad, J. (2017) A Preliminary List of Lepidopteran Insects from Palkot Wildlife Sanctuary, Jharkhand. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies, 5 (3), 654–661.

    Singh, N. & Ranjan, R. (2016) Additions to the Moth Fauna of Dalma Wildlife Sanctuary, Jharkhand (India). Records of the Zoological Survey of India, 166 (4), 323–336.

    Singh, G. & Sangha, K.S. (2012) Ovipositional Preference and Larval Performance of Poplar Defoliator, Clostera restitura on Different Poplar Clones in North-Western India. Journal of Forestry Research, 23 (3), 447–452.
    https://doi.org/10.1007/s11676-012-0283-z

    Smetacek, P. (2008) Moths Recorded from Different Elevations in Nainital District, Kumaon Himalaya, India. Bionotes, 10, 5–15.

    Staudinger, O. (1887) Neue Arten und Varietäten von Lepidopteren aus dem Amur-Gebiete. In: Romanoff, N.M. (Ed.), Mémoires sur les Lépidoptères, 3, pp. 126–232.

    Strand, E. (1916) H. Sauter’s Formosa Ausbeute, Hepialidae, Notodontidae und Drepanidae. In: Wiegmann, A.F.A., Archiv für Naturgeschichte. Band 81 A. Heft 12. Verlags Buchhadlung R. Stricker, Berlin, pp. 150–165.

    Strand, E. (1920) H. Sauter’s Formosa Ausbeute, Noctuidae II Nebst Nachträgen zu den Familien Arctiidae, Lymantriidae, Notodontidae, Geometridae, Thyrididae, Pyralididae, Totricidae, Gelechiidae und Oecophorodae. In: Archiv für Naturgeschichte. Band 84 A. Heft 12. Verlags Buchhadlung R. Stricker, Berlin, pp. 102–197.

    Sugi, S. (1992) Notodontidae. In: Haruta, T. (Ed.), Moths of Nepal. Part 1. Tinea. Vol. 13. Supplement 2. Japan Heterocerists' Society, Tokyo, pp. 95–122.

    Sugi, S. (1998) Notodontidae. In: Haruta, T. (Ed.), Moths of Nepal. Part 5. Tinea. Vol. 15. Supplement 1. Japan Heterocerists' Society, Tokyo, pp. 1–278.

    Sugi, S. (1992) Notodontidae. In: Heppner, J.B. & Inoue, H. (Eds.), Lepidoptera of Taiwan. Vol. 1. Part 2. Checklist. Scientific Publishers, Gainesville, pp. 1–276.

    Sugi, S. (1993) Notodontidae. In: Haruta, T. (Ed.), Moths of Nepal. Part 2. Tinea. Vol. 3. Supplement 13. Japan Heterocerists' Society, Tokyo, pp. 148–159.

    Sugi, S. (1994) Paracyphanta New Genus and Cyphanta Walker, Two Genera in the ‘Quadrifid’ Notodontidae (Lepidoptera). Tinea, 14, 53–60.

    Swinhoe, C. (1885) On the Lepidoptera of Bombay and the Deccan, Heterocera, Part II. Proceedings of the Scientific Meetings of the Zoological Society of London, 21 pp. [pp. 287–307]

    Swinhoe, C. (1886) On the Lepidoptera of Mhow, in Centra India. Proceedings of the Scientific Meetings of the Zoological Society of London, 45 pp. [pp. 421–465]

    Swinhoe, C. (1889) On New Indian Lepidoptera, chiefly Heterocera. Proceedings of the Scientific Meetings of the Zoological Society of London, 37 pp. [pp. 396–432]

    https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7998.1889.tb06782.x

    Swinhoe, C. (1891) New Species of Moths of Southern India. The Transactions of the Entomological Society of London, 22 pp. [pp. 133–154]
    https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2311.1891.tb01644.x

    Swinhoe, C. (1892) Catalogue of Eastern and Australian Lepidoptera Heterocera in the Collection of the Oxford University Museum Sphinges and Bombyces. Vol. 1. Claredon Press, Oxford, 324 pp.
    https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.31501

    Swinhoe, C. (1894) A List of the Lepidoptera of the Khasia Hills, Part II. The Transactions of the Entomological Society London, 1894, 145–223.
    https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2311.1895.tb01663.x

    Swinhoe, C. (1896) New Species of Lepidoptera from the Khasia Hills. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History including Zoology, Botany, and Geology, Series 6, 17, 357–363.
    https://doi.org/10.1080/00222939608680380

    Swinhoe, C. (1899) New Species of Oriental Lepidoptera. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History including Zoology, Botany, and Geology, Series 7, 3, 102–116.
    https://doi.org/10.1080/00222939908678084

    Swinhoe, C. (1900) New Species of Eastern and Australian Moths. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History including Zoology, Botany, and Geology, Series 7, 6, 305–313.

    Swinhoe, C. (1904) New Species of Eastern, Australian and African Heterocera in the National Collection. The Transactions of the Entomological Society of London, I, 139–158.
    https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2311.1904.tb02743.x

    Swinhoe, C. (1904) New Species of Indo-Australian and African Heterocera. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History including Zoology, Botany, and Geology, Series 7, 14, 131–134.
    https://doi.org/10.1080/03745480409442980

    Swinhoe, C. (1907) New Species of Eastern and African Heterocera. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History including Zoology, Botany, and Geology, Series 7, 19, 201–208.
    https://doi.org/10.1080/00222930709487256

    Swinhoe, C. (1916) New Indo-Malayan Lepidoptera. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History including Zoology, Botany, and Geology, Series 8, 18, 209–221.
    https://doi.org/10.1080/00222931608693838

    Varma, R.V. & Sajeev, T.V. (1988) Insect Pests of Bamboos in India. Forest Research Institute (FRI), Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 246 pp.

    Walker, F. (1855) List of the Specimens of Lepidopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum, Part IV. Edward Newman, London, 201 pp. [pp. 776–976]
    https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.58221

    Walker, F. (1855) List of the Specimens of Lepidopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum, Part V. Edward Newman, London, 281 pp. [pp. 977–1257]
    https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.58221

    Walker, F. (1855) List of the Specimens of Lepidopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum, Part VI. Edward Newman, London, 250 pp. [pp. 1258–1507]
    https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.58221

    Walker, F. (1856) List of the Specimens of Lepidopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum, Part VII. Lepidoptera Heterocera. Edward Newman, London, 278 pp. [pp. 1509–1786]
    https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.58221

    Walker, F. (1858) List of the Specimens of Lepidopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum, Part XIV. Edward Newman, London, 283 pp. [pp. 1237–1519]
    https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.58221

    Walker, F. (1861) Addenda to the Natural History of the Valley of the River Rouge. In: Urban, W.S.M. (Ed.), The Canadian Naturalist and Geologist, and Proceedings of the Natural History Society of Montreal. Vol. 6. Dawson, B., Montreal, pp. 36–42.

    Walker, F. (1862) Catalogue of the Heterocerous Lepidopterous Insects Collected at Sarawak, in Borneo, by Mr. A.R. Wallace, with Descriptions of New Species. Journal and Proceedings of the Linnean Society (Zoology), 6, 82–145 + 171–198.
    https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1862.tb00935.x

    Walker, F. (1862) Characters of undescribed Lepidoptera in the Collection of W.W. Saunders. The Transactions of the Entomological Society of London, Series 3, 1, 70–128.
    https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2311.1862.tb00593.x

    Walker, F. (1865) List of the Specimens of Lepidopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum, Part XXXII. Edward Newman, London, 384 pp. [pp. 323–706]
    https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.58221

    Walker, F. (1865) List of the Specimens of Lepidopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum, Part XXXIII. Edward Newman, London, 413 pp. [pp. 708–1120]
    https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.58221

    Walker, F. (1866) List of the Specimens of Lepidopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum. Part XXXV. Edward Newman, London, 506 pp. [pp. 1535–2040]
    https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.58221

    Walker, F. (1869) Characters of Undescribed Species of Heterocerous Lepidoptera. E.W. Janson, London, 112 pp.

    West, R.J. (1932) Further Descriptions of New Species of Japanese, Formosan and Philippine Heterocera. Novitates Zoologicae, 37, 207–228.

    Wileman, A.E. & South, R. (1917) New Species of Heterocera from Japan and Formosa in the British Museum. The Entomologist, 50, 25–29.

    Wileman, A.E. (1910) Some New Lepidoptera—Heterocera from Formosa. The Entomologist, 43, 136–139 + 285–291 + 285–291 + 309–313 + 344–349.

    Wileman, A.E. (1914) New Species of Heterocera from Formosa. The Entomologist, 47, 318–323.

    Wiltshire, E.P. (1958) New Species and Forms of Lepidoptera from Afghanistan and Iraq. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, 55, 228–237.

    Wu, C.S. & Fang, C.L. (2003) A Taxonomic Study of the Genus Ptilodon Hübner, 1822 in China (Lepidoptera, Notodontidae). Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica, 28, 516–520.

    Wu, C.S. & Fang, C.L. (2003) Lepidoptera, Notodontidae. Fauna sinica (Insecta). Vol 31. Science Press, Beijing, 27 + 952 pp.

    Yang, C. & Lee, F.S. (1978) In: Yang, C. (Ed.), Moths of North China Agricultural, Vol. 2. University of Beijing, Beijing, pp. 475–515. [in Chinese]

    Yang, J. (1995) Lepidoptera, Notodontidae, In: Zhu, T. (Ed.), Insects and Macrofungi of Gutianshan, Zhejiang. Zhejiang Science and Technology Publishing House, Hangzhou, pp. 159–164.