Abstract
The Frankliniella genus-group comprises over 270 species in ten genera. It is one of the important groups in Thripinae, and includes some important pests. A phylogenetic analysis of genus-level relationships within the Frankliniella genus-group was performed, based on 55 morphological character states scored for 23 species representing 11 genera, including an outgroup, Thrips physapus. Six most parsimonious trees were generated from the analysis under equal weighting schemes. Pseudanaphothrips was recovered as monophyletic, and as sister group to a clade comprising five genera, Yaobinthrips, Parabaliothrips, Sitothrips, Firmothrips, Kakothrips, in which Parabaliothrips showed to be a paraphyletic group. Frankliniella was paraphyletic, with Frankliniella zizaniophila + Iridothrips + Pelikanothrips kratochvili forming one clade that was sister group to the rest of the species of Frankliniella + Guerothrips moundi. According to the phylogenetic analysis, Guerothrips is proposed as a new synonym of Frankliniella, and Pelikanothrips is considered a new synonym of Iridothrips. The genus Iridothrips is revised with a key to five species, including I. zizaniophila comb.n., I. kratochvili comb.n. and I. lobulatus sp.n.. A key to the eight members of the Frankliniella genus-group is provided.
References
Bhatti, J.S. (1978) Preliminary revision of Taeniothrips. Oriental Insects, 12, 157–199.
https://doi.org/10.1080/00305316.1978.10434565
de Borbon, C.M. & Zamar, M.I. (2018) Two new species of Frankliniella (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) from Argentina with a key to species from Argentina and Chile. Zootaxa, 4369 (3), 419–431.
https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4369.3.7
Gertsson, C.A. (2015) An annotated checklist of Thysanoptera (thrips) from the Nordic countries. Entomologisk Tidskrift, 136 (4), 185–198.
Gillespie, P.S., Mound, L.A. & Wang, C.L. (2002) Austro-oriental genus Parabaliothrips Priesner (Thysanoptera, Thripidae) with a new Australian species forming male aggregations. Australian Journal of Entomology, 41, 111–117.
https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-6055.2002.00276.x
Goldarazena, A. & Infante, F. (2013) Guerothrips moundi, gen. et sp. n. (Thysanoptera, Thripidae) from Chiapas, Mexico. Zootaxa, 3669 (2), 172–178.
https://doi.org/10.11646/Zootaxa.3669.2.9
Goloboff, P.A., Farris, J.S. & Nixon, K.C. (2008) TNT, a free program for phylogenetic analysis. Cladistics, 24, 774–786.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-0031.2008.00217.x
Han, Y.F. & Zhang, G.X. (1982) Description of Frankliniella zizaniophila sp.nov. (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica, 7 (2), 210–211. Available from: http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFD1982-DWFL198202018.htm
(Accessed 1 Aug. 2019)Jenser, G. (2013a) Iridothrips iridis (Watson, 1924) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae): an unusual species of thrips that lives in a subaquatic habitat. Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, 59 (1), 61–66.
Jenser, G. (2013b) Host association and life history of Iridothrips mariae (Pelikán, 1961) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Folia Entomologica Hungarica, 74, 13–16.
Karadjova, O. & Krumov, V. (2015) Thysanoptera of Bulgaria. ZooKeys, 504, 93–131.
https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.504.9576
Krumov, V. (2013) First records for Bulgaria of a genus and two species of Thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Acta Entomologica Bulgarica, 1–2, 72–74.
Marullo, R. & Ravazzi, G. (2016) The first micropterous species of the southern European genus Kakothrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Zootaxa, 4067 (4), 460–462.
https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4067.4.2
Minaei, K. & Mound, L.A. (2014) The genus Sitothrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) with a new grass-living species from southern Iran. Zootaxa, 3884 (6), 594–596.
https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3884.6.7
Mirab-balou, M., Tong, X.L. & Chen, X.X. (2014) Re-description of aquatic grass-inhabiting thrips, Frankliniella zizaniophila, with remarks on its systematic position within the genus Frankliniella (Thysanoptera). Journal of Insect Science, 14 (154), 1–7.
https://doi.org/10.1093/jisesa/ieu016
Mound, L.A. (2002) The Thrips and Frankliniella genus groups: the phylogenetic significance of ctenidia. In: Marullo, R. & Mound, L.A. (Eds.), Thrips and Tospoviruses: Proceedings of the 7th International Symposium on Thysanoptera. Australian National Insect Collection, Canberra, pp. 379–386.
Mound, L.A. & Nakahara, S. (1993) The genus Frankliniella (Thysanoptera; Thripidae): character assessment at generic and specific levels. Zoology (Journal of Pure and Applied Biology), 4, 287–295.
Mound, L.A. & Palmer, J.M. (1981) Phylogenetic relationships between some genera of Thripidae (Thysanoptera). Entomologica Scandinavica, 15, 153–17.
Mound, L.A. & Palmer, J.M. (1990) Two new Thripidae (Thysanoptera) from the male flowers of Araucaria and Casuarina in Australia and Hawaii. Entomologist's monthly Magazine, 126, 1–7.
Mound, L.A., Collins, D.W. & Hastings, A. (2018) Thysanoptera Britannica et Hibernica—Thrips of the British Isles. Lucidcentral.org, Identic Pty Ltd, Queensland. Available from: https://keys.lucidcentral.org/keys/v3/british_thrips/index.html (accessed 5 May 2019)
Mound, L.A., Morison, G.D., Pitkin, B.R. & Palmer, J.M. (1976) Thysanoptera. Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects, 1 (11), 1–79.
Nakahara, S. (1997) Annotated list of the Frankliniella species of the world (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Contributions on Entomology, International, 2 (4), 355–389.
Nixon, K.C. (2002) WinClada. Version 1.00.08. Published by the author, Ithaca, New York. [program]
Pelikan, J. (1947) Notice a la connaissance des Thysanoptères de la tourbière de Rejvíz. Entomologické Listy [Folia Entomologica], 10, 2–16. [in Czech, description in French]
Pelikan, J. (1961) New species of Thysanoptera from Czechoslovakia–IV. Časopis Československé Společnosti Entomologické [Acta Societatis Entomologicae Cechosloveniae], 58, 60–70.
Priesner, H. (1940) Thysanopterologica IX. Philippine Journal of Science, 71, 403–409.
ThripsWiki (2019) ThripsWiki—providing information on the World's thrips. Available from: http://thrips.info/wiki/Main_Page (accessed 5 May 2019)
Watson, J.R. (1924) A new Bregmatothrips (Thysanoptera) from England and Holland. Entomologist's Monthly Magazine, 60, 253–254.
Zhang, H.R., Mound, L.A. & Xie, Y.H. (2010) A new genus and species from southwestern China in the Frankliniella genus-group (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Zootaxa, 2729 (1), 65–68.
https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2729.1.6
Zhang, H.R., Okajima, S. & Mound, L.A. (2006) Collecting and slide preparation methods for thrips. Chinese Bulletin of Entomology, 43 (5), 725–728.
Zhang, S.M., Mound, L.A. & Hastings, A. (2018) Thysanoptera Chinensis. Thripidae Genera from China. Lucidcentral.org, Identic Pty Ltd, Queensland. Available from: https://keys.lucidcentral.org/keys/v3/thysanoptera_chinensis/index.html
(accessed 5 May 2019)zur Strassen, R. (2003) Die Terebranten Thysanopteren Europas und des Mittelmeer-Gebietes. Die Tierwelt Deutschlands, 74, 1–271.