Skip to main content Skip to main navigation menu Skip to site footer
Type: Monograph
Published: 2020-02-17
Page range: 1–126
Abstract views: 235
PDF downloaded: 6

Revision of the Psilota Meigen, 1822 flower flies (Diptera: Syrphidae) of Australia

University of California Davis, Bohart Museum of Entomology, Crocker Lane, Davis, CA 95616, USA. California Department of Food and Agriculture, Plant Pest Diagnostics Branch, 3294 Meadowview Road, Sacramento, CA 95832-1448
Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids and Nematodes, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1A 0C6
Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Vrouwenmantel 18, 3621 TR Breukelen, The Netherlands.
Diptera Taxonomy Hover Flies Hoverflies Haireye Oceania male genitalia true fly flower visitor Eristalinae

Abstract

The 34 species of Australian Psilota are revised, with 26 new species described (Psilota aislinnae Young sp. nov., Psilota alexanderi Young sp. nov., Psilota apiformis Thompson and Young sp. nov., Psilota auripila Young and van Steenis sp. nov., Psilota azurea Thompson and Young sp. nov., Psilota bicolor Young and Ferguson sp. nov., Psilota brunnipennis Young sp. nov., Psilota calva Young sp. nov., Psilota darwini Young sp. nov., Psilota flavoorta Young and van Steenis sp. nov., Psilota fuscifrons Young sp. nov., Psilota livida Young and van Steenis sp. nov., Psilota longipila Thompson and Young sp. nov., Psilota mcqueeni Young sp. nov., Psilota metallica Thompson and Young sp. nov., Psilota nigripila Young sp. nov., Psilota occidua Young sp. nov., Psilota pollinosa Young and van Steenis sp. nov., Psilota purpurea Thompson and Young sp. nov., Psilota smaragdina Young sp. nov., Psilota solata Young and van Steenis sp. nov., Psilota spathistyla Young and van Steenis sp. nov., Psilota spinifemur Young sp. nov., Psilota viridescens Young and van Steenis sp. nov., Psilota xanthostoma Young sp. nov., Psilota zophos Young sp. nov.) and one new record for Australia (Psilota basalis Walker, 1858). Previously described Australian species are redescribed, with the males of Psilota auricauda Curran, 1925 and P. basalis (Walker, 1858) described for the first time. Six previously described species (Psilota erythrogaster Curran, 1926, Psilota hirta Klocker, 1924, Psilota queenslandica Klocker, 1924, Psilota rubra Klocker, 1924, Psilota rubriventris Bigot, 1885, and Psilota shannoni Goot, 1964) are morphologically indistinguishable from related species. P. erythrogaster, P. rubra, and P. rubriventris are therefore treated under the Psilota cuprea (Macquart, 1850) species complex while P. hirta, P. queenslandica, and P. shannoni treated under the Psilota tristis Klocker, 1924 species complex. Lectotypes for the following species are designated: Coiloprosopa nitida Macquart, 1850, Merodon muscaeformis Walker, 1852, Orthonevra basalis Walker, 1858, Psilota coerulea Macquart, 1846, and Psilota viridis Macquart, 1847.

 

References

  1. Bigot, J. (1885) Diptères nouveaux ou peu connus. 28e. partie. XXXVI. Syrphidi. Addenda au mémoire publié dans les Annales de la Société Entomologique de France (Années 1883–1884). Annales de la Société Entomologique de France, 6 (5), 24–252.

    Birtele, D. & Hardersen, S. (2012) Analysis of vertical stratification of Syrphidae (Diptera) in an oak-hornbeam forest in northern Italy. Ecological research, 27 (4), 755–763.

    https://doi.org/10.1007/s11284-012-0948-2

    Čandek, K. & Kuntner, M. (2015) DNA barcoding gap: reliable species identification over morphological and geographical scales. Molecular ecology resources, 15 (2), 268–277.

    https://doi.org/10.1111/1755-0998.12304

    Crosskey, R.W. (1974) The British Tachinidae of Walker and Stephens (Diptera). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Entomology, 30, 267–308.

    Cumming, J.M. & Wood, D.M. (2017) Adult morphology and terminology. In: Kirk-Spriggs, A.H. & Sinclair, B.J. (Eds.), Manual of Afrotropical Diptera. Vol. 1. Introductory chapters and keys to Diptera families. Suricata 4. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria, pp. 89–133.

    Curran, C.H. (1925) New Diptera in the American Museum of Natural History. American Museum Novitates, 176, 1–10.

    Curran, C.H. & Bryan Jr., E. (1926) New Australian Syrphidae (Diptera) in the Bishop Museum. Proceeding of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, 51, 129–133.

    Darriba, D., Taboada, G.L., Doallo, R. & Posada, D. (2012) jModelTest 2: more models, new heuristics and parallel computing. Nature methods, 9 (8), 772.

    https://doi.org/10.1038/nmeth.2109

    Evenhuis, N.L. (2018) Abbreviations for the insect and spider collections of the world. Retrieved 28 Feb 2018. Available from: http://hbs.bishopmuseum.org/codens/ (accessed 20 October 2019)

    Fallén, C.F. (1817) Syrphici Sveciae. Literlis Berlingianis, Lund, 62 pp.

    Glumac, S. (1960) Phylogenetical system of the syrphid-flies (Syrphidae Diptera) based upon the male genitalia structure and the type of the larvae with characteristics of the family and tribes. Glasnik Prirodnjackog muzeja Beogradu (B), 82, 82–103.

    Goot, V.S. van der (1964) Fluke’s catalogue of Neotropical Syrphidae (Insecta, Diptera), a critical study with an appendix on new names in Syrphidae. Beaufortia, 10 (127), 212–221.

    Gutiérrez, M.A.C., Vivero, R.J., Vélez, I.D., Porter, C.H. & Uribe., S. (2014) DNA barcoding for the identification of sand fly species (Diptera, Psychodidae, Phlebotominae) in Colombia. PLoS One, 9 (1), e85496.

    https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0085496

    Hajibabaei, M., deWaard, J.R., Ivanova, N.V., Ratnasingham, S., Dooh, R.T., Kirk, S.L., Mackie, P.M. & Hebert, P.D.N. (2005) Critical factors for assembling a high volume of DNA barcodes. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 360 (1462), 1959–1967.

    https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2005.1727

    Hebert, P.D.N., Cywinska, A., Ball, S.L. & deWaard, J.R. (2003) Biological identifications through DNA barcodes. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 270, 313–321.

    https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2002.2218

    Hill, G. (1921) Notes on some Diptera found in association with termites. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, 46, 216–220.

    https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.14011

    Hutton, F.W. (1901) Synopsis of the Diptera Brachyera of New Zealand. Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute, 33, 1–95.

    International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (1999) International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. 4th Edition. International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London, xxix + 306 pp.

    Kassebeer, C.A., Maibach & Rotheray, G. (1998) The third (=final) stage larva of Psilota anthracina Meigen and Psilota decessa (Hutton) (Dipt., Syrphidae). Entomologist’s Monthly Magazine, 134 (4), 39–43.

    Klocker, C. (1924) On a collection of Syrphidae from Queensland with descriptions of a new genus and eight new species. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum, 8, 53–60.

    Littlefield, R. (2018) Zerene Stacker. Available from: https://zerenesystems.com/cms/stacker (accessed 15 August 2018)

    Macquart, J. (1846) Diptères exotiques nouveaux ou peu connus. Supplément. Mémoires de la Société Royale des Sciences, de l’Agriculture et des Arts á Lille, 1844, 133–364.

    Macquart, J. (1847) Diptères exotiques nouveaux ou peu connus. 2.e supplement. Mémoires de la Société Royale des Sciences, de l’Agriculture et des Arts de Lille, 1845, 134–294.

    Macquart, J. (1850) Diptères exotiques nouveaux ou peu connus. Suite du 4e supplement. Mémoires de la Société Royale des Sciences, de l’Agriculture et des Arts de Lille, 1850, 309–479.

    Maddison, W.P. & Maddison, D.R. (2010) Mesquite: a modular system for evolutionary analysis. Available from: https://www.mesquiteproject.org/ (accessed 15 August 2018)

    Meigen, J.W. (1822). Systematische Beschreibung der bekannten europäischen zweiflügeligen Insekten. Dritter Theil. Schulz-Wundermann, Hamm, x + 416 pp., pls. 22–32.

    Meijere, J. de. (1933) Über Dipteren, deren Larven in Termitennestern leben, nebst über einige weitere, z. T. neue, gleichfalls aus Djati-Wäldern auf Java. Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, 76, 103–144.

    Miller, D. (1921) Material for a Monograph on the Diptera Fauna of New Zealand: Part II, Family Syrphidae. Transactions of the New Zealand Institute, 53, 289–333.

    Miller, M.A., Pfeiffer, W. & Schwartz, T. (2010) Creating the CIPRES Science Gateway for inference of large phylogenetic trees. In: Gateway Computing Environments Workshop (GCE), 2010, 1–8.

    https://doi.org/10.1109/GCE.2010.5676129

    Mishler, B.D. & Brandon, R.N. (1987) Individuality, pluralism, and the phylogenetic species concept. Biology and Philosophy, 2 (4), 397–414.

    https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00127698

    Pape, T. & Evenhuis, N. (2019) Systema Dipterorum. The biosystematics database of world Diptera. Version 2.1. Available from: https://sd.zoobank.org/ (accessed 16 April 2019)

    Peck, L.V. (1988) Family Syrphidae. In: Soos, A. & Papp. L. (Eds.), Catalogue of Palaearctic Diptera. Vol. 8. Syrphidae-Conopidae. Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, pp. 11–230.

    Rambaut, A. (2009) FigTree, version 1.3. 1. Computer program distributed by the author, Available from: http://treebioedacuk/software/figtree/ (accessed 12 December 2018)

    Renaud, A.K., Savage, J. & Adamowicz, S.J. (2012) DNA barcoding of Northern Nearctic Muscidae (Diptera) reveals high correspondence between morphological and molecular species limits. BMC ecology, 12 (1), 24.

    https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6785-12-24

    Rotheray, G. & Gilbert, F. (1999) Phylogeny of Palaearctic Syrphidae (Diptera): evidence from larval stages. Zoological Journal of the Linn Society, 127, 1–112.

    https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1999.tb01305.x

    Schiner, J.R. (1868) Diptera. In: Reise der osterreichischen Fregatte Novara, Zoology. Vol. 2. B. v. Wüllersdorf-Urbair, Wien, pp. 1–388.

    Sequencher. (2018) Sequencher DNA sequence analysis software. Ann Arbor, MI. Gene Codes Corporation. Available from: https://www.genecodes.com/ (accessed 15 August 2018)

    Shannon, R. (1927) A new genus and five new species of Syrphidae from Australia (Diptera). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 29 (4), 82–87.

    Shatalkin, A.I. (1975) A taxonomic analysis of the Hover Flies (Diptera, Syrphidae). I. Entomological Review, 54 (1), 117–125.

    Shorthouse, D.P. (2010) SimpleMappr, an online tool to produce publication-quality point maps. Available from: http://www.simplemappr.net (accessed 15 August 2018)

    Skevington, J.H. (2008) Hilltopping. In: Capinera, J.L. (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Entomology, Second Edition. Springer, Dordrecht, pp. 799–807.

    Skevington, J.H., Locke, M.M., Young, A.D., Moran, K.M., Crins, W.J. & Marshall, S.A. (2019) Field Guide to the Flower Flies of Northeastern North America. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 512 pp.

    https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv7xbrvz

    Smit, J.T. & Zeegers, T. (2005) Overzicht van het zweefvliegengenus Psilota in Nederland (Diptera: Syrphidae). Nederlandse Faunistische Mededelingen, 22, 113–120.

    Smit, J.T. &Vujić., A. (2008) The Palaearctic species of the genus Psilota Meigen (Diptera, Syrphidae) with the description of two new species. Studia dipterologica, 14 (2), 345–364.

    Speight, M. (2016) Species accounts of European Syrphidae (Diptera), Glasgow 2016. Syrph The Net, the database of European Syrphidae. Vol. 93. Syrph The Net publications, Dublin, 288 pp.

    Stamatakis, A. (2014) RAxML version 8: a tool for phylogenetic analysis and post-analysis of large phylogenies. Bioinformatics, 30 (9), 1312–1313.

    https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btu033

    Thompson, F.C. (1972) A contribution to a generic revision of the Neotropical Milesinae (Diptera: Syrphidae). Arquivos de Zoologia, 23 (2), 73–215.

    Thompson, F.C. (1988) Syrphidae (Diptera) described from unknown localities. Journal of the New York Entomological Society, 96, 200–226.

    Vane-Wright, R.I. (1975) The butterflies named by J. F. Gmelin (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Entomology, 32, 17–64, 6 pls.

    Walker, F. (1852) Diptera [cont.]. Insecta Saundersiana [q.v.]. W.W. Saunders. London, 216 pp.

    Walker, F. (1858) Catalogue of the dipterous insects collected in the Aru Islands by Mr. AR Wallace, with descriptions of new species. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 3 (10), 77–110.

    https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1858.tb02413.x

    Whitworth, T.L., Dawson, R.D., Magalon, H. & Baudry, E. (2007) DNA barcoding cannot reliably identify species of the blowfly genus Protocalliphora (Diptera: Calliphoridae). Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 274, 1731–1739.

    https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2007.0062

    Wirth, W.W., Sedman, Y.S. & Weems, H.V.J. (1965) Family Syrphidae. In: Stone, A., Sabrosky, C.W., Wirth, W.W., Foote, R.H. & Coulson, J.R. (Eds.), A catalog of the Diptera of America north of Mexico. Agriculture Handbook No. 276. Department of Agriculture, Washington, pp. 557–625.