Skip to main content Skip to main navigation menu Skip to site footer
Type: Article
Published: 2020-03-05
Page range: 1–43
Abstract views: 194
PDF downloaded: 13

Eunice sensu lato (Annelida: Eunicidae) from Australia: description of seven new species and comments on previously reported species of the genera Eunice, Leodice and Nicidion

Departamento de Invertebrados, Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Quinta da Boa Vista, São Cristovão, RJ, 20940-040 Brazil.
Australian Museum Research Institute, Australian Museum, 1, William Street Sydney, NSW, Australia Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, North 2010 Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
Department of Invertebrate Zoology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC, USA. Deceased
Annelida Leodice Nicidion taxonomy systematics new species taxonomic key

Abstract

Species traditionally considered to belong to Eunice are now, also, distributed in two other genera Leodice and Nicidion recently resurrected to reconcile Eunicidae taxonomy with its phylogenetic hypothesis. In Australia, Eunice species have been reported from all seas and sum up to 22 species. In this study, we propose 10 new combinations for traditional Eunice species, which should be moved to Leodice; describe seven new species, four of Eunice and three of Leodice; and comment on species previous recorded from the Australian Coast. Previous records of E. denticulata, E. filamentosa, E. grubei, E. indica, E. longicirris, E. microprion, E. paupera, E. tridentata, E. tubifex and E. vittata from Australia are considered dubious. Eunice tribranchiata, originally described from Australian specimens, is considered here to be an indeterminable species. This study also includes descriptions of Eunice, Leodice and Nicidion as well as key to these genera and their species recorded from Australia.

 

References

  1. Audouin, H.J.V. & Milne Edwards, H. (1833) Classification des Annélides, et description de celles qui habitent les côtes de la France. Annales des sciences naturelles, Paris, 28, 187–247.

    https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.8010

    Augener, H. (1913) Polychaeta I. Errantia. In: Michaelsen, W. & Hartmeyer, R. (Eds.), Die Fauna Südwest-Australiens. Ergebnisse der Hamburger südwest-australischen Forschungsreise l905. IV. Lieferung 5. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Jena, pp. 65–304.

    Augener, H. (1922a) Australische Polychaeten des Hamburger zoologisches Museums. Archiv für Naturgeschichte, Berlin, 88A, 1–37.

    Augener, H. (1922b) Über litorale polychäten von Westindien. Sitzungsberichte der Gesellschaft der naturforschende Freunde zur Berlin, 3–5, 38–53.

    Baird, W. (1869) Remarks on several genera of annelids, belonging to the group Eunicea, with a notice of such species as are contained in the collection of the British Museum, and a description of some others hitherto undescribed. Journal of the Linnean Society of London, 10, 341–361.

    https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1869.tb00665.x

    Benham, W.B. (1915) Report on the Polychaeta obtained by the F.I.S. ‘Endeavour’ on the coasts of New South Wales, Victoria, Tasmania and South Australia. Part 1. H.C. Dannevig, Sydney, 67 pp. [pp. 171–237]

    Berthold, A.A. (1827) Latreille’s Natürliche Familien des Thierreichs. Aus dem Franzosischen, mil Anmerkungen und Zusdtzen, 3, 38–45.

    Carrera-Parra, L.F. & Salazar-Vallejo, S.I. (2011) Redescriptions of Eunice filamentosa and E. denticulata and description of E. tovarae n. sp. (Polychaeta: Eunicidae), highlighted with morphological and molecular data. Zootaxa, 2880 (1), 51–64.

    https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2880.1.5

    Chamberlin, R.V (1919) The Annelida Polychaeta. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 48, 1–514.

    Crossland, C. (1904) The Marine Fauna of Zanzibar and British East Africa, from Collections made by Cyril Crossland in the Years 1901 and 1902. The Polychaeta, Part III. with which is incorporated the account made in the Maldive Archipelago in the year 1899. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1, 287–330.

    https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7998.1904.tb08292.x

    Cuvier, G. (1817) Le règne animal distribé d’apres son organisation, pour servir de base a l’histoire naturelle des animaux et d’introduction a l’anatomie comparee. Vol. 2. Contenant les Reptiles, les Poissons, les Mollusques et les Annélides. Deterville, Paris, 532 pp.

    Dallwitz, M.J. (1974) A flexible computer program for generating identification keys. Systematic Zoology, 23, 50–57.

    https://doi.org/10.2307/2412239

    Dallwitz, M.J. (1980) A general system for coding taxonomic descriptions. Taxon, 29, 41–46.

    https://doi.org/10.2307/1219595

    Dallwitz, M.J., Paine, T.A. & Zurcher, E.J. (1993) User’s guide to the DELTA System: a general system for processing taxonomic descriptions. 4th Edition. Available from: http://delta-intkey.com (accessed 13 October 2014)

    Dallwitz, M.J., Paine, T.A. & Zurcher, E.J. (1999) User’s guide to the DELTA Editor. Available from: http://delta-intkey.com (13 October 2014)

    Day, J.H. (1975) On a collection of Polychaeta from intertidal and shallow reefs near Perth, Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum, 3, 167–208.

    Day, J.H. & Hutchings, P.A. (1979) An annotated check-list of Australian and New Zealand Polychaeta, Archiannelida and Myzostomida. Records of the Australian Museum, 32, 80–161.

    https://doi.org/10.3853/j.0067-1975.32.1979.203

    delle Chiaje, S. (1828) Memorie sulla storia e notomia degli animali senza vertebre del Regno di Napoli. Vol. 3. Stamperia della Societá Tipografica, Naples, 232 pp.

    Dounas, C. & Koukouras, A. (1989) Some observations on the possible synonymy of Eunice vittata (Delle Chiaje, 1825) and E. indica Kinberg, 1865 (Annelida, Polychaeta). Cahiers de Biologie Marine, 30, 227–234.

    Ehlers, E. (1868) Die Borstenwürmer (Annelida Chaetopoda) nach systematischen und anatomischen Untersuchungen dargestellt. Vol. 1. Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig, 480 pp. [pp. 269–748]

    Ehlers, E. (1887) Report on the annelids of the dredging expedition of the U.S. coast survey steamer Blake. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 15, 1–335.

    Ehlers, E. (1905) Neuseeländische Anneliden. Abhandlung der koeniglichen. Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften.zu Göttingen, Mathematisch.-Physikalische Klasse, New Series, 3, 1–80.

    Fauchald, K. (1970) Polychaetous annelids of the families Eunicidae, Lumbrineridae, Iphitimidae, Arabellidae, Lysaretidae and Dorvilleidae from western Mexico. Allan Hancock Monographs in Marine Biology, 5, 1–335.

    Fauchald, K. (1986) Review of the types and key to the species of Eunice (Eunicidae: Polychaeta) from the Australian region. Records of the Australian Museum, 38, 241–262.

    https://doi.org/10.3853/j.0067-1975.38.1986.182

    Fauchald, K. (1992) A review of the genus Eunice (Eunicidae: Polychaeta) based upon type material. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 523, 1–422.

    https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00810282.523

    Fauvel, P. (1917) Annélides Polychètes de L’Australie méridionale. Archives de Zoologie Expérimentale et Générale, 56, 159–277.

    Fauvel, P. (1919) Annélides Polychètes de Madagascar, de Djibouti, et du Golfe Persique. Archives de Zoologie Expérimentale et Générale, 58, 315–473.

    https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.8154

    Gravier, C. (1900) Contribution à l’étude des Annélides Polychètes de la Mer Rouge. Première partie. Nouvelles Archives du Museum d’Histoire Naturelle Paris, 2, 137–282.

    Grube, A.E. (1850) Die Familien der Anneliden. Archiv für Naturgeschichte, Berlin, 16, 249–364.

    Grube, A.E. (1856) Annulata Örstediana. Enumeratio Annulatorum, quae in itinere per Indiam occidentalem et Americam centralem annis 1845-1848 suscepto legit cl. A.S. Örsted, adjectis speciebus nonnullis a cl. H. Kröyero in itinere ad Americam meridionalem collectis. Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk naturhistorisk Forening i KØbenhavn, 1, 44–62.

    Grube, A.E. (1866) Neue anneliden aus den Gattungen Eunice, Hesione, Lamprophës, und Travisia. Schlesiche Gesellschaft für Vaterländische Cultur, Breslau, Jahres-Bericht, 44, 64–66.

    Grube, A.E. (1869) Beschreibungen neuer oder weniger bekannter von Hrn. Ehrenberg gesammelter Anneliden des rothen Meeres. Monatsbericht der Königlich Preussischer Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin, 1869, 484–521.

    Grube, A.E. (1878) Annulata Semperiana. Beiträge zur Kenntniss der Annelidenfauna der Philippinen nach den von Herrn Prof. Semper mitgebrachten sammlungen. Memoires de L’Académie Impériale.des Sciences de St.Pétersbourg, Series 7, 25 (8), 1–300.

    https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.85345

    Hanley, J.R. (1986) Co-operative effort in a new species of tube dwelling worm, Eunice metatropos (Polychaeta:Eunicidae). The Beagle, Occasional Papers of the Northern Territory Museum of Arts and Sciences, 3, 215–221.

    Hartman, O. (1944) Polychaetous Annelids. Part V. Eunicea. Allan Hancock Pacific Expeditions, 10, 1–237.

    Hartman, O. (1959) Catalogue of the Polychaetous Annelids of the World. Occasional Papers of the Allan Hancock Foundation, 23, 1–628.

    Hartmann-Schröder, G. (1965) Zur Kenntnis der eulitoralen Polychaetenfauna von Hawaii, Palmyra und Samoa. Naturwissenschaflichen Vereins in Hamburg, Abhandlungen und Verhandlungen, 9, 81–161.

    Hartmann-Schröder, G. (1991) Die Polychaeten der subtropisch-tropischen bis tropischen Ostküste Australiens zwischen Maclean (New South Wales) und Gladstone (Queensland) sowie von Heron Island (Grosses Barrier-Riff) IN: Hartmann-Schröder, G. and Gerd Hartmann. Zur Kenntnis des Eulitorals der australischen Küsten unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Polychaeten und Ostracoden. Teil 16. Mitteilungen aus dem Hamburgischen zoologischen Museum und Institut, 88, 17–71.

    Hsueh, P. & Li, Y. (2014) New species and new records of eunicids (Polychaeta, Eunicidae) from Taiwan. Zootaxa, 3802 (5), 151–72.

    https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3802.2.1

    Hutchings, P. & Yerman, M. (2011) Eunice. Species Bank. Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra. Available from: http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/abrs/online-resources/species-bank/index.html (19 August 2019)

    Kinberg, J.G.H. (1865) Annulata nova. Öfversigt af Königlich Vetenskaps -Akademiens förhandlingar, Stockholm, 21, 559–574.

    Knox, G.A. (1951) The polychaetous annelids of Banks Peninsula. Pt. II. A rock bottom fauna from 80 fathoms. Records of the Canterbury Museum, 6, 61–81.

    Knox, G.A. (1960) Biological Results of the Chatham Islands 1954 Expedition. Part 3. Polychaeta errantia. New Zealand Department of Scientific and Industrial Research Bulletin, 139, 77–143.

    Kott, P. (1951) Nereidae and Eunicidae of south Western Australia; also notes on the ecology of Western Australian limestone reefs. Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia, 35, 130.

    Kott, P. (1963) Cosmopolitan Eunicidae (Polychaeta, Errantia) from Moreton Bay. The Queensland Naturalist, 17, 13–14.

    Lamarck, J.B. de (1818) Histoire naturelle des Animaux sans Vertèbres, préséntant les caractères généraux et particuliers de ces animaux, leur distribution, leurs classes, leurs familles, leurs genres, et la citation des principales espèces qui s’y rapportent; précédée d’une Int. Vol. 5. Deterville Libraire & Verdiere Libraire, Paris, 612 pp.

    Marenzeller, E. von (1879) Südjapanische Anneliden. I. Amphinomea, Aphroditea, Lycoridea, Phyllodocea, Hesionea, Syllidea, Eunicea, Glycerea, Sternaspidea, Chaetopterea, Cirratulea, Amphictenea. Denkschriften der Mathematisch-naturwissenschaftlichen classe der Kaiserliche Akademie der Wissenschaften, Wien, 1, 109–154.

    McIntosh, W.C. (1885) Report on the Annelida Polychaeta collected by H.M.S. Challenger during the years 1873-1876. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H.M.S. Challenger during the years 1872–76, 12, 1–554.

    Monro, C.C.A. (1924) On the polychaeta collected by H.M.S. ‘Alert’, 1881-1882. Families Polynoidae, Sigalionidae, and Eunicidae. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, London, 36, 37–64.

    https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1924.tb02207.x

    Monro, C.C.A. (1931) Polychaeta, Oligochaeta, Echiuroidea and Sipunculoidea. Scientific Reports of the Great Barrier Reef Expedition British Museum Natural History, 4, 1–37.

    Monro, C.C.A. (1939a) Polychaeta. B.A.N.Z. Antarctic Research Expedition Reports, 4, 87–156.

    Pallas, P.S. (1788) Marina varia nova et rariora. Nova Acta Academia Imperials Sciencia, Petropolilanea, 2, 229–249.

    Peters, W.C.H. (1854) Naturwissenschaftliche Reise nach Mosambique in 1842 bis 1848 ausgeführt. Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin, Monatsberichten, 1854, 610–614.

    Pruvot, G. (1930) Annelides polychètes de Nouvelle-Calèdonie recueillies par M. François, avec une introduction et des notes de Pierre Fauvel. Archives de zoologie expérimentale et générale, 70, 1–94.

    Quatrefages, A. de (1866) Histoire naturelle des Annelés marins et d’eau douce. Annélides et Géphyriens. Vol. 1. Librarie Encyclopédique de Roret, Paris, 588 pp.

    https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.122818

    Rullier, F. (1965) Contribution á la faune des Annélides Polychètes de l’Australie. University of Queensland Papers Department of Zoology, 2, 163–201.

    Salazar-Vallejo, S.I., Carrera-Parra, L.F. & León-González, J.A. de (2011) Giant Eunicid Polychaetes (Annelida) in shallow tropical and temperate seas. Revista De Biologia Tropical, 59, 1463–1474.

    https://doi.org/10.15517/rbt.v59i4.3411

    Savigny, J.C. (1820) Système des Annelides, principalement de celles des côtes de l’Égypte et de la Syrie, offrant les caractères tant distinctifs que naturels des Ordres, Families et Genres, avec la description des Espèces. Description de l’Égypte Histoire Naturelle, Paris, 1, 1–128.

    https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.66284

    Schulze, A. (2011) The Bobbit worm dilemma : a case for DNA. Revista De Biologia Tropical, 59, 1475–1477.

    Stephenson, W., Williams, W.T. & Cook, S.D. (1974) The benthic fauna of soft bottoms, southern Moreton Bay. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum, 17, 73–123.

    Struck, T.H., Purschke, G. & Halanych, K.M. (2006) Phylogeny of Eunicida (Annelida) and exploring data congruence using a partition addition bootstrap alteration (PABA) approach. Systematic Biology, 55, 1–20.

    https://doi.org/10.1080/10635150500354910

    Treadwell, A.L. (1921) Leodicidae of the West Indian region. Carnegie Institute of Washington Publication, 15, 1–13.

    https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.20335

    Treadwell, A.L. (1922) Leodicidae from Fiji and Samoa. Carnegie Institute of Washington Publication, 312, 127–170.

    Verrill, A.E. (1900) Additions to the Turbellaria, Nemertina, and Annelida of the Bermudas, with revisions of some New England genera and species. Transactions of the Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences, 10, 595–671.

    https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.7035

    Webster, H.E. (1884) Annelida from Bermuda collected by G. Brown Goode. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 25, 307–327.

    Zanol, J. & Bettoso, N. (2006) Identity of Eunice roussaei (Eunicidae: Polychaeta: Annelida) from the Adriatic and Mediterranean Seas. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 86, 1017–1024.

    https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315406013993

    Zanol, J., Fauchald, K. & Paiva, P.C. (2007) A phylogenetic analysis of the genus Eunice (Eunicidae, polychaete, Annelida). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 150, 413–434.

    https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2007.00302.x

    Zanol, J., Halanych, K.M., Struck, T.H. & Fauchald, K. (2010) Phylogeny of the bristle worm family Eunicidae (Eunicida, Annelida) and the phylogenetic utility of noncongruent 16S, COI and 18S in combined analyses. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 55, 660–676.

    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2009.12.024

    Zanol, J., Halanych, K.M. & Fauchald, K. (2014) Reconciling taxonomy and phylogeny in the bristleworm family Eunicidae (polychaete, Annelida). Zoologica Scripta, 43, 79–100.

    https://doi.org/10.1111/zsc.12034