Abstract
We describe Republica weatbrooki, a new genus and species of damselfly (Odonata, Zygoptera, Euphaeidae, Eodichromatinae) from the early Eocene (Ypresian) fossil locality at Republic, Washington, U.S.A. Its single specimen is the sole damselfly known from the Okanagan Highlands series of localities in far-western North America.
References
Archibald, S.B. & Cannings, R.A. (2019) Fossil dragonflies (Odonata: Anisoptera) from the early Eocene Okanagan Highlands, western North America. The Canadian Entomologist, 151, 783–816.
https://doi.org/10.4039/tce.2019.61
Archibald S.B., Cannings, R.A., Erickson, R.J. Bybee, S.M. & Mathewes, R.W. (2021) The Cephalozygoptera, a new, extinct suborder of Odonata with new taxa from the early Eocene Okanagan Highlands, western North America. Zootaxa, 4934 (1), 1–133. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4934.1.1
Archibald, S.B., Greenwood, D.R., Smith, R.Y., Mathewes, R.W. & Basinger, J.F. (2011) Early Eocene lagerstätten of the Okanagan Highlands (British Columbia and Washington State). Geoscience Canada, 38, 145–154.
Bechly, G. (1996) Morphologische Untersuchungen am Flügelgeäder der rezenten Libellen und deren Stammgruppenvertreter (Insecta; Pterygota; Odonata) unter besonderer Berüchsichtigung der Phylogenetischen Systematik und des Grundplanes der Odonata. Petalura, Böblingen, Special Volume 2, 1–402.
Bechly, G. (1998) New fossil damsel flies from Baltic amber, with description of a new species, a redescription of Litheuphaea carpenteri Fraser, and a discussion on the phylogeny of Epallagidae (Zygoptera: Caloptera). International Journal of Odonatology, 1, 33–63.
https://doi.org/10.1080/13887890.1998.9748092
Bechly, G. (1999) Epallagidae versus Euphaeidae revisited. International Journal of Odonatology, 2, 137–139.
https://doi.org/10.1080/13887890.1999.9748124
Bechly, G. (2019) New fossil Odonata from the Upper Jurassic of Bavaria with a new fossil calibration point for Zygoptera. Palaeoentomology, 002, 618–632.
https://doi.org/10.11646/palaeoentomology.2.6.13
Bechly, G., Garrouste, R., Aase, A., Karr, J.A., Grande, L. & Nel, A. (2020) The damselfly palaeofauna from the Eocene of Wyoming and Colorado, USA (Insecta, Odonata, Zygoptera). Papers in Palaeontology, 2020, 1–30.
https://doi.org/10.1002/spp2.1346
Berry, E.W. (1924) The middle and upper Eocene floras of southwestern North America. Professional Paper 92, United States Geological Survey, Department of the Interior, Washington, 206 pp.
Bybee, S.M., Ogden, T.H., Branham, M.A. & Whiting, M.F. (2008) Molecules, morphology and fossils: a comprehensive approach to odonate phylogeny and the evolution of the odonate wing. Cladistics, 24, 477–514.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-0031.2007.00191.x
Carpenter, F.M. (1992) Superclass Hexapoda. In: Kaesler, R.L. (Ed.), Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology. Part R. Arthropoda 4. Vol. 3. The Geological Society of America, Boulder, Colorado & University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, pp. 1–277.
Cavallo, O. & Galletti, P.A. (1987) Studi di Carlo Sturani su Odonati e altri insetti fossili del Messiniano albese (Piemonte) con descrizione di Oryctodiplax gypsorum n. gen. n. sp. (Odonata, Libellulidae). Bolletino della Società Paleontologica Italiana, 26, 151–176.
Cockerell, T.D.A. (1923) Fossil insects from the Eocene of Texas. American Journal of Science, Series 5, 5, 397–400.
https://doi.org/10.2475/ajs.s5-5.29.397
Chambers, L., Pringle, M., Fitton, G., Larsen, L.M., Pedersen, A.K. & Parrish, R. (2003) Recalibration of the Palaeocene–Eocene boundary (P–E) using high precision U-Pb and Ar-Ar isotopic dating. In: EGSAGU-EUG Joint Assembly, Nice, 6–11 April 2003. Geophysical Research Abstracts, 5, pp. 9681
Dijkstra, K.-D.B., Bechly, G., Bybee, S.M., Dow, R.A., Dumont, H.J., Fleck, G., Garrison, R.W., Hämäläinen, M., Kalkman, V.J., Karube, H., May, M.L., Orr, A.G., Paulson, D.R., Rehn, A.C., Theischinger, G., Trueman, J.W.H., van Tol, J., von Ellenrieder, N. & Ware, J. (2013) The classification and diversity of dragonflies and damselflies (Odonata). In: Zhang, Z.-Q. (Ed.), Animal biodiversity: an outline of higher-level classification and survey of taxonomic richness. Zootaxa, 3703 (1), pp. 36–45.
https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3703.1.9
Dijkstra, K.-D.B., Kalkman, V.J., Dow, R.A., Stokvis, F.R. & van Tol, J. (2014) Redefining the damselfly families: a comprehensive molecular phylogeny of Zygoptera (Odonata). Systematic Entomology, 39, 68–96.
https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12035
Dumont, H.J., Vanfleteren, J.R., De Jonckheere, J.F. & Weekers, P.H.H. (2005) Phylogenetic relationships, divergence time estimation, and global biogeographic patterns of calopterygoid damselflies (Odonata, Zygoptera) inferred from ribosomal DNA sequences. Systematic Biology, 54, 347–362.
https://doi.org/10.1080/10635150590949869
Dumont, H.J., Vierstraete, A. & Vanfleteren, J.R. (2010) A molecular phylogeny of the Odonata (Insecta). Systematic Entomology, 35, 6–18.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.2009.00489.x
Ferwer, W. & Nel, A. (2020) A new damselfly genus and species from Baltic amber (Odonata: Zygoptera: Euphaeidae). BSGF—Earth Sciences Bulletin, 191, 1–12.
https://doi.org/10.1051/bsgf/2020015
Fraser, F.C., (1955) An odonate fossil wing from the Oligocene of Oregon. Psyche, 62, 42–44.
https://doi.org/10.1155/1955/93208
Grande, L. (2013) The Lost World of Fossil Lake. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 425 pp.
https://doi.org/10.7208/chicago/9780226922980.001.0001
Kohli, M.K., Ware, J.L. & Bechly, G. (2016) How to date a dragonfly: Fossil calibrations for odonates. Palaeontologia Electronica, 19.1.1FC, 1–14.
Martínez-Delclòs, X. & Martinell, J. (1993) Insect taphonomy experiments. Their application to the Cretaceous outcrops of lithographic limestones from Spain. Kaupia. Darmstädter Beiträge zur Naturgeschichte, 2, 133–144.
Meyer, H.W. (2003) The fossils of Florissant. Smithsonian Books, Washington, D.C., 258 pp.
Nel, A. (1988) Parazacallitinae, nouvelle sous-famille et premier Epallagidae de l’Oligocène européen (Odonata, Zygoptera). Bulletin du Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle. Section C, Sciences de la Terre, Paléontologie, Géologie, Minérologie, 10, 175–179.
Nel, A., Krzeminski, W. & Szwedo, J. (2013) Elektroeuphaea gen. n., the oldest representative of the modern Epallaginae from Eocene Baltic amber (Odonata: Zygoptera: Epallagidae). Insect Systematics & Evolution, 44, 129–140.
https://doi.org/10.1163/1876312X-44032097
Nel, A. & Paicheler J.-C. (1992) Les Odonata fossiles: état actuel des connaissances. Huitième partie: Les Calopterygoidea fossiles (Odonata, Zygoptera). Bulletin de la Société entomologique de France, 97, 381–396.
Nel, A. & Paicheler, J.-C. (1994) Les Lestoidea (Odonata, Zygoptera) fossiles: Un inventaire critique. Annales de Paléontologie, 80, 1–59.
Perkovsky, E.E., Rasnitsyn, A.P., Vlaskin, A.P. & Taraschuk, M.V. (2007) A comparative analysis of the Baltic and Rovno amber arthropod faunas: representative samples. African Invertebrates, 48, 229–245.
Petrulevičius, J.F., Nel, A., Rust, J., Bechly, G. & Kohls, D. (2007) New Paleogene Epallagidae (Insecta: Odonata) recorded in North America and Europe. Biogeographic implications. Alavesia, 1, 15–25.
Paulson, D.R. & Schorr, M. (2020) World Odonata List. Available from: https://www.pugetsound.edu/academics/academic-resources/slater-museum/biodiversity-resources/dragonflies/world-odonata-list2/ (accessed 7 December 2020)
Rehn, A.C. (2003) Phylogenetic analysis of higher-level relationships of Odonata. Systematic Entomology, 28, 181–239.
https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3113.2003.00210.x
Riek, E.F. & Kukalová-Peck, J. (1984) A new interpretation of dragonfly wing venation based upon Early Upper Carboniferous fossils from Argentina (Insecta: Odonatoidea) and basic character states in pterygote wings. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 62, 1150–1166.
https://doi.org/10.1139/z84-166
Silsby, J. (2001) Dragonflies of the World. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C., 216 pp.
https://doi.org/10.1071/9780643100879
Wehr, W.C. & Barksdale, L.L. (1996) A Checklist of Fossil Insects from Republic, Washington. Washington Geology, 24, 29.
Wolfe, J.A., Gregory-Wodzicki, K.M., Molnar, P. & Mustoe, G. (2003) Rapid uplift and then collapse in the Eocene of the Okanagan? Evidence from paleobotany. In: Geological Association of Canada—Mineralogical Association of Canada—Society of Economic Geologists, Joint Annual Meeting, Vancouver, Abstracts, 28, 533. [CD-Rom]
Yakovleva, A.I. (2017) Detalizition of the Eocene dinocyst scale for eastern Peri-Tethys. Bulletin of Moscow Society of Naturalists, 92, 32–48. [in Russian]
Yakovleva, A.I., Mychko, E.V. & Aleksandrova, G.N. (2021) New dinocyst data from the “Primirskiy” amber quarry (Kaliningrad Region): specification of the age of deposits as a basis for revising paleogeographic reconstructions of the Danish-Polish Strait in the late Paleogene. In: Golubev, V.K. & Nazarova, V.M. (Eds.), Paleostrat-2021. Annual meeting (science conference) of Paleontological Section of the Moscow Society of Naturalists and the Moscow Branch of the Paleontological Society of RAS, Moscow, 25–26 January 2021. Programme and abstacts. Paleontological Institute, Moscow, pp. 77–78. [in Russian]
Zessin, W. (2011) Neue Insekten aus dem Moler (Paläozän/Eozän) von Dänemark Teil 1 (Odonata: Epallagidae, Megapodagrioniidae). Virgo, Mitteilungsblatt des Entomologischen Vereins Mecklenburg, 14, 64–73.