Abstract
The three most important eighteenth century works on echinoids were by Klein (1734, 1778) and Leske (1778). Confusion about the authorship of Klein’s 1778 publication has led many subsequent, and most current, workers to attribute both 1778 works to Leske. It is clear that Leske himself recognised Klein as the author of the volume published first. Following the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN, 1999), the names for taxa in Klein (1734) are unavailable because they are pre-1758 (as are those in the French translation of 1754); the names in Klein (1778) are unavailable because of the lack of consistency in binominal nomenclature; only the names adopted by Leske (1778) are available for species and genera.
References
Agassiz, A. (1872–1874) Revision of the Echini, Parts 1–4. Illustrated Catalogue of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 7, i–xii + 1–762 pp., 87 pls., 7 maps.
Agassiz, G.R. (1913) Letters and recollections of Alexander Agassiz with a sketch of his life and work edited by G.R. Agassiz. 2 folding maps. Constable, London and Houghton Mifflin, Boston & New York, vii + 454 pp., frontis, 13 pls. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.22462
Agassiz, L. (1835) Prodrome d’une monographie des Radiaires ou Echinodermes. Mémoires de la Société des Sciences Naturelles de Neuchatel, 1, 168–199. [in French]
Agassiz, L. (1841) Monographies d’Echinoderms Echinites. Famille des Clypéasteroides. Seconde Monographie. Des Scutelles. Petitpierre, Neuchatel, vi + 152 pp., pls. 1–27. [in French]
Agassiz, L. & Desor, P.J.E. (1846–47) Catalogue raisonné des famille, des genres et des espèces de la classe des Echinodermes. Annales des Sciences naturelles, Series 3, Zoologie, 6–8, 305–374, 129–168, 5–35 + 355–380, pls. 15,16 (for Vol. 6. 1846). [in French]
Anonymous (1779) XVI. Jacobi Theodori Klein/Nathanaele Godofredo Leske. In: Commentarii de Rebus in Scientia naturali et Medicina gestis. 22 (4). Gleditsch, Lipsiae [Leipzig], pp. 711–723. [in Latin]
Breynius, J.P. (1732) Dissertatio Physica de Polythalamiis, Nova Testaceorum Classe, cui quæaedam præaemittuntur de methodo testacea in classes et genera distribuuendi. Huic adiicitur Commentatiuncula de Belemnitis Prussicis; tandemque Schediasma de Echinis Methodice Disponendis. Cum Figuris. Cornelium a Beughem [Cornelius von Beughem], Gedani [Danzig], 64 pp., pls. 1–7. [in Latin] https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.9112
Bronn, H.G. (1860) Die Klassen und Ordnungen des Thier-Reichs, Zweiter Band. Aktinozoen. Winter, Leipzig & Heidelberg, 3 + 434 pp. (text), 48 pls., 99 pp. (atlas). [in German]
Bruguière, J.G. (1789) Encyclopédie Méthodique. Histoire Naturelle des Vers. Tome 1 (1). Panckoucke, Paris, 344 pp., pls. 96–189. [in French] https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.53769
Bruguière, J.G. (1792) s.n. In: Tableau Encyclopédique et Méthodique des Trois Règnes de la Nature. Contenant l’Helminthologie, ou les Vers Infusoires, les Vers Intestins, les Vers Mollusques &c. Panckoucke, Paris, pls. 96–189. [in French]
Cotteau, G. & Triger, J. (1855–1869) Échinides du Département de la Sarthe, considérés au point de vue zoologique et stratigraphique. J.-B. Baillière, Paris, 457 pp., 65 pls. [in French] https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.10124
Des Moulins, C. (1837) Troisième Mémoire sur les Echinides. Synonymie Generale. Actes de la Société Linnéenne de Bordeaux, 9 (2), 13–364. [in French]
Desor, E. (1842) Echinites. Famille des Clypéasteroides. Troisième Monographie—Des Galérites. In: Agassiz, L., Monographies d’Échinodermes vivans et fossils. Petitpierre, Neuchâtel, 1–94 pp., pls. 1–13. [in French] https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.1833
Durham, J.W. (1955) Classification of Clypeasteroid Echinoids. University of California Publications in Geological Sciences, 31 (4), 73–198, frontis., pls. 3–4, 38 text-figs.
Durham, J.W. (1966) Classification. In: Moore, R.C. (Ed.), Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology. Part U. Echinodermata 3. Geological Society of America, Boulder, Colo. and University of Kansas Press, Lawrence, Kansas, pp. U270–U295.
Ernst, G. (1970) Zur Stammesgeschichte und stratigraphischen Bedeutung der Echiniden-Gattung Micraster in der nordwestdeutschen Oberkreide. Mitteilungen aus dem Geologisch-Paläontologischen Institut der Universität Hamburg, 39, 117–135. [in German]
Geus, A. (2015) Natürliche Ordnung und Artenvielfalt im Werk des Naturforschers Jacob Theodor Klein (1685–1759). Acta Biohistorica, 16, 271–300, 2 figs., 2 coloured portraits. [in German]
Gray, J.E. (1855) Catalogue of the Recent Echinida or Sea-Eggs in the British Museum Pt.1. Echinida Irregularia. British Museum, London, iv + 71 pp., pls. 1–6. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.112961
Gregory, J.W. (1900) The Echinoidea. In: Lankester, E.R. (Ed.), A Treatise on Zoology. Vol. 3. The Echinoderma. A. & C. Black, London, pp. 282–332, text-figs. 1–47.
Hamberger, G.C. & Meusel, J.G. (1783) Das gelehrte Teutschland oder Lexikon der jetztlebenden Teutschen Schriftsteller. Zweyter Band. Lemgo, Meyer, Lemgo, 650 pp.
Heinzeller, T. (2015) Vorwort des Übersetzung. Faksimile Naturalis Dispositio Echinodermatum und Übersetzung. Acta Biohistorica, 16, 1–310. [Facsimile reprint with concurrent translation into German]
International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. (1999) International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. 4th Edition. International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London, xxix +306 pp.
Jackson, R.T. (1912) Phylogeny of the Echini, with a revision of Palaeozoic species. Memoirs of the Boston Society of Natural History, 7, 1–491, pls.1–76, text-figs. 1–255. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.4630
Klein, J.T. (1731) Descriptiones Tubulorum Marinorum. In quorum censum relati Lapides Caudae Cancri Gesneri, & his similes; Belemnitae; eorumque Alveoli. Secundum Dispositionem Musei Kleiniani. Addita est Dissertatio Epistolaris de Pilis Marinis. Cum Figuris. Knochium, Gedani [Danzig], x + 26 pp. + 4 un-numbered pages of Conspectus Dispositionis Echinorum Marinorum Musei Kleiniani. [in Latin] https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.66797
Klein, J.T. (1734) Naturalis Dispositio Echinodermatum. Accesserunt Lucubratiuncula De Aculeis Echinorum Marinorum, cum Specilegio de Belemnitis. Thom. Joh. Schreiberi [Thomas Johannes Schreiber], Gedani [Danzig], Title page + 78 pp. + Addenda & Corrigenda, 36 pp., pls. I–XXXIV, XXXVI + XXIII*. [in Latin] https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.65731
Klein, J.T. (1734) Naturalis Dispositio Echinodermatum. Accesserunt Lucubratiuncula De Aculeis Echinorum Marinorum, cum Specilegio de Belemnitis. Thom. Joh. Schreiberi [Thomas Johannes Schreiber], Gedani [Danzig], Title page + 78 pp., Addenda & Corrigenda, pls. I–LIV. [Facsimile reprint with coloured plates from Klein (1778), Bibliophiler Fines Mundi, Saarbrücken 2010, in Latin]
Klein, J.T. (1734) Naturalis Dispositio Echinodermatum (Naturgeschichte der Seeigel). Acta Biohistorica, 16, 1–310. [Facsimile reprint with concurrent translation into German, 2015, in Latin and German]
Klein, J.T. (1754) Ordre naturel des oursins de mer et fossiles, avec des observations sur les piquans des oursins de mer, et quelques remarques sur les belemnites. Cl. J.B. Bauche, Paris, Title + [2] + portrait, 233 pp. + Errata + [I], pls. I–XXVIII. [in French + Latin] https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11561
Klein, J.T. (1778) Naturalis Dispositio Echinodermatum. Accessit Lucubratiuncula de Aculeis Echinorum Marinorum et Specilegium de Belemnitis. Edita et Descriptionibus Novisque Inventis et Synonymis Auctorum Auca a Nathanaele Godofredo Leske. Officiana Gleditdchiana, Lipsiae, xx + [2] + 278 + [1] pp., pls. I–LIV. [in Latin, http://resolver.sub.unigoettingen.de/purl?PPN573613834 (text), http://resolver.sub.unigoettingen.de/purl?PPN573615683 (plates)]
Kroh, A. & Smith, A.B. (2010) The phylogeny and classification of post-Palaeozoic echinoids. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology, 8, 147–212. https://doi.org/10.1080/14772011003603556
Lamarck, J.-B. (1816) Histoire Naturelle des Animaux sans Vertèbres. Tome 3. Verdière, Paris, iv + 586 pp. [in French]
Lambert, J. (1895) Essai d’une monographie du genre Micraster et notes sur quelques échinides. In: d’Grossouvre, A., Récherches sur la Craie superieure. I. Stratigraphie generale. Mémoires pour servire a l’éxplication de la Carte géologique détaillie de la France, Paris, pp. 149–267. [in French]
Lambert, J.M. & Thiéry, P. (1909–1925) Essai de nomenclature raisonnée des Echinides. Ferrière, Chaumont, 607 pp., 15 pls. [in French]
Leske, N.G. (1778) Additamenta ad Iacobi Theodori Klein Naturalem Dispositionem Echinodermatum et Lucubratiunculam de Aculeis Echinorum Marinorum. Officina Gleditschiana, Lipsiae [Leipzig], [6] + xx + 214 + [4] pp., pls. XXXVII–LIV. [in Latin, https://digitale.bibliothek.uni-halle.de/vd18/content/titleinfo/13927809] https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11571
Linnaeus, C. (1758) Systema Naturæ. 1. Regnum Animale. 10th Edition. Salvii, Holmiæ [Stockholm], ii + 824 pp. [in Latin]
Linnaeus, C. (1764) Museum S.R.M. Ludovicae Ulricae Reginae, in quo animalia rari ora, exotica inprimis Insecta et Conchylia deseribuntur et determinantur. (3). Vermes. Salvii, Holmiæ [Stockholm], pp. 703–720 + [2]. [in Latin] https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.51532
Lovén, S. (1887) On the species of Echinoidea described by Linnaeus in his Work Museum Ludovicae Ulricae. Bihang Till Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar, 13 (4), 185 pp., 9 pls.
Ludwig, H. & Hamann, O. (1904) s.n. In: Dr H.G. Bronn’s Klassen und Ordnungen des Thier-Reichs, Zweiter Band, Dritte Abtheilung. Echinodermen (Stachelhäuter). IV Buch. Die Seeigel. Winter, Leipzig, pp. i–iv, 969–1413, 18 pls. [in German]
Mortensen, T. (1951) A Monograph of the Echinoidea. 5 (2). Spatangoida. 2. C. A. Reitzel, Copenhagen, [8] + 593 pp., 286 figs. Atlas 30 pp., 64 pls.
d’Orbigny. A. (1852) Cours élémentaries de Paléontologie et Géologique stratigraphique. 2(1). Victor Masson, Paris, 382 pp., figs. 166–392. [in French]
d’Orbigny. A. (1853–1860) Paléontologie Francaise. Description des Mollusques et Rayonnés Fossiles. Terrains Crétacés, 6, Échinodermes. Victor Masson, Paris, 599 pp., pls. 801–1006. [in French]
Parkinson, J. (1830) Outlines of Orychtology: An Introduction to the study of Fossil Organic Remains; especially those found in the British Strata. 2nd Edition. Nattali, London & Combe, Leicester, viii + 353 pp., 10 pls. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.14779
Peake, N.B. & Melville, R.V. (1970) Proposed use of the Plenary Powers to vary the neotype designated by Wind (1959) for Echinocorys scutata Leske, 1778 (Class Echinoidea). Z.N.(S) 1903. Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature, 27 (1), 55–59, pls.1, 2. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.29394
Petitot, M.-L. (1961–1962) [for 1959] Contribution a l’étude des Echinides fossiles du Maroc (Jurassique et Crétacé). Notes et Mémoires du Service Géologique, 146 (for 1959), 1–183, atlas of 72 pp., pls. I–XVII + 2 tables (1962). [in French]
Pomel, A. (1883) Classification méthodique et genera des Échinides vivants et fossiles. Thèse presentée à la Faculté des Sciences de Paris, Aldolphe Jourdan, Alger, 132 pp., pl. 1. [in French] https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11272
Poslavskaia, H.A. (1964) Klass Echinoidea. Morskie ezhi. In: Orlov, Y.A. (Ed.), Treatise Osnovy paleontologii. Spravochnik dlya paleontologov I geologov SSSR [Fundamentals of paleontology], Vol. 10. Acadamy Nedra, Moskva NAUK, Moscow, pp. 122–191, pls. XX–XXXVIII. [in Russian]
Roman, J. (1965) Morphologie et évolution des Echinolampas (Echinides Cassiduloides). Mémoires du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Série C, 15, i–iv + 1–341 pp., pls. I–XII. [in French]
Ruthensteiner, B. (2015) Bericht uber über die in der Münchener Zoologischen Staatssammlung aufgetundenen Seeigel aus dem Museum Kleinianum. Acta Biohistorica, 16, 16–23, 1 fig. [in German]
Savin, L. (1905) Révision des Echinides du Département de l’Isère. Bullétin de la Société de Statistique des Sciences naturelles et industriels du Département de 1’Isère, Series 4, 8, 109–324, pls. 1–8. [in French]
Schröter, J.S. (1779a) Nachrichten von lithologischen und conchyliologischen Schriften. Journal für die Liebhaber des Steinreichs und der Konchyliologie, 5 (1), 69–71.
Schröter, J.S. (1779b) Nachrichten von lithologischen und conchyliologischen Schriften. Journal für die Liebhaber des Steinreichs und der Konchyliologie, 5 (3), 273–488.
Schumann, E. (1893) Geschichte der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Danzig 1743–1892. Schriften der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Danzig, Nueu Folge, 8 (2), i–vi + 1–49.
Stokes, R.B. (2021) Attribution of the taxon name Echinodermata to Klein, 1778. Zootaxa, 5061 (1), 199–200.
https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5061.1.13
Termier, H. & Termier, G. (1953) Classe des Echinides (Echinoidea Zittel, 1883). In: Piveteau, J. (Ed.), Traité de Paléontologie, Tome 3. Masson, Paris, pp. 857–947, 250 figs. [in French]
Weisbord, N.E. (1971) Bibliography of Cenozoic Echinoidea including some Mesozoic and Paleozoic titles. Bulletins of American Paleontology, 59 (No. 263), 1–314.
Wind, J. (1959) Echinocorys formerne og deres staratigrafiske Usbredelse i det Overste Kridt i Danmark. Meddelelser fra Dansk geologisk Forening, 14, 122–132, 4 pls.
Woodward, B.B. (1904) s.n. In: Catalogue of the Books, Maps, & in the British Museum (Natural History). Vol. II. E–K. [6]. Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History), London, pp. 501–1038.
Woodward, B.B. (1910) s.n. In: Catalogue of the Books, Maps, & in the British Museum (Natural History). Vol. III. L–O. [6]. Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History), London, pp. 1039–1494.