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Type: Article
Published: 2022-07-01
Page range: 487-512
Abstract views: 284
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Cladistic analysis and reclassification of Synagris Latreille (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Eumeninae)

Via dei Tarquini, 22—01100 Viterbo, Italy.
Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79th Street, New York, NY 10024, U.S.A.
Hymenoptera subgenera Synagris Paragris Pseudagris Rhynchagris Pteromenes phylogeny taxonomy

Abstract

A cladistic analysis of the genus Synagris is performed to assess the taxonomic status and limits of its subgenera, examining external morphology and male genitalia. The subgenera S. (Rhynchagris) and S. (Pseudagris) are raised to generic rank (Rhynchagris stat. nov. and Pseudagris stat. nov.), with the former as senior synonym of Pteromenes Giordani Soika syn. nov.; the subgenus S. (Hypagris) stat. res. is no longer a synonym of S. (Paragris); while S. (Synagris) is monophyletic and retains its status as subgenus. Replacement name due to homonymy is proposed for Synagris cornuta maculata Bequaert, 1918 (Synagris cornuta maculatoides nom. nov.).

 

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