Abstract
Caleidoscopsis is a deep-sea pardaliscid genus known previously only from the SE Atlantic Ocean (Angola Basin), NE Pacific Ocean (Mexico, Cedros Trench) and Indian Ocean (Madagascar). This is the first record of Caleidoscopsis from off the Brazilian coast, SW Atlantic Ocean. Samples were collected with box core and/or van veen grabs between Espírito Santo, Campos and Santos Basin (19o–27o S), and around 417–1974 m depths. Two new species is herein described, Caleidoscopsis carlosi sp. nov., which differs from all Caleidoscopsis species by antenna 1 geniculate; maxilliped palp, article 4 shorter than 3; pereopods 5–7, propodus shorter than dactylus; and pereopod 7 with propodus 7x longer than wide; and Caleidoscopsis karamani sp. nov., which can be distinguished by rostrum more developed, reaching half-length of article 1 of peduncle of antenna 1; antenna 2, peduncle, article 5 longer than 3 and 4; pereopod 7, propodus 13x longer than wide, subequal to dactylus; urosomite 1 covering part of urosomite 2, with 1 long dorsal tooth; urosomite 2 with 1 very long and thin dorsal tooth almost reaching the end of urosomite 3. Further on, Caleidoscopsis carlosi sp. nov. turn out to be a very common and abundant species along the study area, being found in 126 samples with a total of 146 specimens examined, when comparing with C. karamani sp. nov. that was found in only 5 samples with one individual each.
A table of comparison and an identification key of the currently six known species of the genus are provided. The present study is an effort in understanding and unrevealing the deep-sea macrofauna from the Brazilian margin bringing new data on the family Pardaliscidae found in the slope of the Campos, Santos and Espírito Santo Basins.
References
Barnard, J.L. (1962) South Atlantic Abyssal Amphipods Collected by R. V. Vema. Vema Research Series, 1, 1–78.
Barnard, J.L. (1967) Benthic Amphipoda of Submarine Canyons and Basins of California. United States National Museum Bulletin, 260, 1–166.
Barnard, J.L. (1969) The families and genera of marine gammaridean Amphipoda. United States National Museum Bulletin, 271, 1–535.
Barnard, J.L. & Karaman, G.S. (1991) The families and genera of marine gammaridean amphipods (except marine Gammaroidea). Parts 1 and 2. Records of the Australian Museum, Supplement 13, 1–866. https://doi.org/10.3853/j.0812-7387.13.1991.367
Coleman, C.O. (2006) Substituting time-consuming pencil drawings in arthropod taxonomy using stacks of digital photographs. Zootaxa, 1360 (1), 61–68. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1360.1.4
De Leo, F.C., Bernardino, A.F. & Sumida, P.Y.G. (2020) Continental Slope and Submarine Canyons: Benthic Biodiversity and Human Impacts, In: Sumida, P.Y.G., Bernardino, A.F. & De Léo, F.C. (Eds.), Brazilian Deep-Sea Biodiversity. Springer, Cham, pp. 37–78. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-53222-2_3
Horton, T., Lowry, J., De Broyer, C., Bellan-Santini, D., Coleman, C.O., Corbari, L., Costello, M.J., Daneliya, M., Dauvin, J.-C., Fišer, C., Gasca, R., Grabowski, M., Guerra-García, J.M., Hendrycks, E., Hughes, L., Jaume, D., Jazdzewski, K., Kim, Y.-H., King, R., Krapp-Schickel, T., LeCroy, S., Lörz, A.-N., Mamos, T., Senna, A.R., Serejo, C., Sket, B., Souza-Filho, J.F., Tandberg, A.H., Thomas, J.D., Thurston, M., Vader, W., Väinölä, R., Vonk, R., White, K. & Zeidler, W. (2022) World Amphipoda Database. Pardaliscidae and Caleidoscopsis G. Karaman, 1974. Available from: https://marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=548412 (accessed 26 December 2022)
Karaman, G.S. (1974) Revision of the family Pardaliscidae with diagnosis of genera, distribution of species and bibliography. XLIII Contribution to the knowledge of the Amphipoda. Acta Adriatica, 15 (7), 1–46.
Ledoyer, M. (1986) Crustacés amphipodes gamariens. Familles des Haustoriidae à Vitjazianidae. Faune de Madagascar, 59 (2), 599–1112.
Lincoln, R.J. (1979) British marine Amphipoda: Gammaridea. British Museum (Natural History), London, 658 pp. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222935708697734
Lowry, J.K. & Myers, A.A. (2017) A Phylogeny and classification of the Amphipoda with the establishment of the new order Ingolfiellida (Crustacea: Peracarida). Zootaxa, 4265 (1), 1–89. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4265.1.1
Paz-Ríos, C. E. & Pech, D. (2022) Two new genera (Paraeperopeus and Dentimelita) and four new deep-sea amphipod crustacean species of little-known genera (Neohela, Pardaliscella, Pardaliscoides and Tosilus) from the Perdido Fold Belt, Gulf of Mexico. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 101 (8), 1145–1170. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315422000169
Ribeiro-Ferreira, V.P., Curbelo-Fernandez, M.P., Filgueiras, V.L., Mello, R.M., Falcão, A.P.C., Disaró, S.T., Mello e Sousa, S.H., Lavrado, H.P., Veloso, V.G., Esteves, A.M. & Paranhos, R. (2017) Métodos empregados na avaliação do compartimento bentônico da Bacia de Campos. In: Falcão, A.P.C. & Lavrado, H.P. (Eds.), Ambiente Bentônico: caracterização ambiental regional da Bacia de Campos, Atlântico Sudoeste. Elsevier, Rio de Janeiro, Habitats, pp. 15–39. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-85-352-7263-5.50002-3
Serejo, C.S. & Siqueira, S.G.L. (2018) Catalogue of the Order Amphipoda from Brazil (Crustacea, Peracarida): Suborders Amphilochidea, Senticaudata and Order Ingolfiellida. Zootaxa, 4431 (1), 1–139. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4431.1.1
Zamudio K.R., Kellner A., Serejo, C., Britto, M.R., Castro, C.B., Buckup, P.A. & Rocha, L.A. (2018) Lack of science support fails Brazil. Science, 361 (6409), 1322–1323. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aav3296
Zimmer, A., Araujo, P.B. & Bond-Buckup, G. (2009) Diversity and arrangement of the cuticular structures of Hyalella (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Dogielinotidae) and their use in taxonomy. Zoologia, 26 (1), 127–142. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1984-46702009000100019