Abstract
Recent findings rearranged the taxonomy of the European species of the genus Pyrochroa Geoffroy (Coleoptera: Pyrochroidae), and to date three species are recognized: P. bifoveata Molfini et al., 2022 and P. coccinea (Linnaeus, 1761) with cryptic adults and distinctive larvae, and the polytypic P. serraticornis (Scopoli, 1763), including the subspecies kiesenwetteri Fairmaire, 1849. Incongruences between molecular and morphological analyses questioned the recognition of P. s. serraticornis and P. s. kiesenwetteri as taxa of the same species. In the present paper, observations of larval characters of P. s. kiesenwetteri confirm this taxon as a subspecies of P. serraticornis. Moreover, new characters of P. s. serraticornis larvae are offered by analysing specimens from a new European locality.
References
- Beutel, R.G. & Friedrich, F. (2005) Comparative study of larvae of Tenebrionoidea (Coleoptera: Cucujiformia). European Journal of Entomology, 102 (2), 241–264. https://doi.org/10.14411/eje.2005.037
- Bologna, M.A. & Pinto, J.D. (2001) Phylogenetic studies of the Meloidae (Coleoptera), with emphasis on the evolution of phoresy. Systematic Entomology, 26 (1), 33–72. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3113.2001.00132.x
- Bonacci, T., Biscaccianti, A.B., Siclari, A., Carlomagno, F., Bonelli, D., Mendicino, F., Plewa, R., Jaworski, T. & Pezzi, M. (2022) Presence of the endangered saproxylic species Cucujus haematodes (Coleoptera: Cucujidae) in Aspromonte National Park (Southern Italy). The European Zoological Journal, 89, 122–129. https://doi.org/10.1080/24750263.2022.2030421
- Canal, N.A., Hernández-Ortiz, V., Salas, J.O.T. & Selivon, D. (2015) Morphometric study of third-instar larvae from five morphotypes of the Anastrepha fraterculus cryptic species complex (Diptera, Tephritidae). ZooKeys, 540, 41–59. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.540.6012
- Fairmaire, L.M.H. (1849) Description de quelques coléoptères nouveaux d’Europe et de France. Annales de la Société entomologique de France, 18, 419–427. [in French]
- Fischer von Waldheim, G. (1812) Pogonocerus. Novum genus insectorum Caucasi meridionalis. Mémoires de la Société impériale des naturalistes de Moscou, 3, 281–283. [in Latin]
- Klausnitzer, B. (1996) 103. Familie: Pyrochroidae. In: Klausnitzer, B. (Ed.), Die Larven der Käfer Mitteleuropas. 3: Band 3. Polyphaga. Teil 2. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Jena, pp. 323–327. [in German]
- Linnaeus, C. (1758) Systema Naturae. Laurentii Salvii, Stockholm, 821 pp. [in Latin] https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.542
- Linnaeus, C. (1761) Fauna Svecica Sistens Animalia Sveciae Regni: mammalia, aves, amphibia, pisces, insecta, vermes. Laurentii Salvii, Stockholm, 578 pp. [in Latin] https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.46380
- Menchetti, M., Talavera, G., Cini, A., Salvati, V., Dincă, V., Platania, L., Bonelli, S., Balletto, E., Vila, R. & Dapporto, L. (2021) Two ways to be endemic. Alps and Apennines are different functional refugia during climatic cycles. Molecular Ecology, 30, 1297–1310. https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.15795
- Molfini, M., Redolfi de Zan, L., Campanaro, A., Rossi de Gasperis, S., Mosconi, F., Chiari, S., Cini, A., Antonini, G., Solano, E., Audisio, P.A., Roversi, P.F., Sabbatini Peverieri, G., Carpaneto, G.M., Mason, F., Bologna, M.A. & Mancini, E. (2018) A first assessment of genetic variability in the longhorn beetle Rosalia alpina (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) from the Italian Apennines. The European Zoological Journal, 85, 36–45. https://doi.org/10.1080/24750263.2018.1433243
- Molfini, M., Di Giulio, A., Mancini, E. & Bologna, M.A. (2021) Larval features illuminating adult taxonomy? Case study in the European cardinal beetle species of the genus Pyrochroa (Coleoptera: Pyrochroidae: Pyrochroinae). Zootaxa, 4966 (3), 337–348. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4966.3.5
- Molfini, M., Mancini, E. & Bologna, M.A. (2023) Phylogeny of European Pyrochroa (Coleoptera, Pyrochroidae) reveals cryptic taxa and different glacial histories. Zoologica Scripta, 52, 58–69. https://doi.org/10.1111/zsc.12569
- Pollock, D.A. (1994) Systematic position of Pilipalpinae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) and composition of Pyrochroidae. The Canadian Entomologist, 126 (3), 515–532. https://doi.org/10.4039/Ent126515-3
- Scarparo, G., Wolton, R., Molfini, M., Cao Pinna, L. & Di Giulio, A. (2020) Comparative morphology of myrmecophilous immature stages of European Microdon species (Diptera: Syrphidae): updated identification key and new diagnostic characters. Zootaxa, 4789 (2), 348–370. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4789.2.2
- Scopoli, G.A. (1763) Entomologia Carniolica exhibens insecta Carnioliae indigena et distributa in ordines, genera, species, varietates. Methodo Linnaeana. Typis Ioannis Thomae Trattner, Vienna, 420 pp. [in Latin] https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11546
- Yoshitomi, H. & Kai, T. (2015) Larvae and check list of Japanese Pyrochroidae. Sayabane New Series, 18, 35–38. [in Japanese, English abstract]
- Young, D.K. (1975) A revision of the family Pyrochroidae (Coleoptera: Heteromera) for North America based on the larvae, pupae and adults. Contributions of the American Entomological Institute, 11 (3), 1–39.
- Young, D.K. (1996) Evidence supporting an extensive new synonymy for Pseudopyrochroa basalis (Pic) (Coleoptera: Pyrochroidae: Pyrochroinae), with description of the mature larva and redescription of the adult. Oriental Insects, 30 (1), 237–250. https://doi.org/10.1080/00305316.1996.10433844
- Young, D.K. (2001) Proposed new synonymy for Pseudopyrochroa longa (Perty) (Coleoptera: Pyrochroidae: Pyrochroinae), with description of the presumed mature larva and redescription of the adult. Oriental Insects, 35 (1), 259–270. https://doi.org/10.1080/00305316.2001.10417303
- Young, D.K. & Pollock, D. (1991) Description of the mature larva of Pedilus flabellatus (Coleoptera: Pyrochroidae: Pedilinae), with phylogenetic implications of the discovery. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 69 (8), 2234–2238. https://doi.org/10.1139/z91-312
- Young, D.K. & Pollock, D.A. (2010) Pyrochroidae Latreille, 1807. In: Leschen, R.A.B., Beutel, R.G. & Lawrence, J.F. (Eds.), Handbook of Zoology. Vol. 2. Coleoptera. De Gruyter, Berlin, pp. 715–721. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110911213
- Young, D.K. (2014) Sundapyrochroa: A new genus of fire-colored beetles (Coleoptera: Pyrochroidae: Pyrochroinae) from the Sunda Shelf, with a key to the three species. Insecta Mundi, 0341, 1–18.
- Young, D.K. (2016) Pyroghatsiana: A new genus of fire-colored beetles (Coleoptera: Pyrochroidae: Pyrochroinae) from the Southern Ghats, India. Insecta Mundi, 468, 1–8.
- Young, D.K. & Hsiao, Y. (2016) Description of the mature larva of Pseudopyrochroa depressa (Pic) (Coleoptera: Pyrochroidae: Pyrochroinae), with comparison to other Taiwanese Pseudopyrochroa. Zootaxa, 4175 (2), 189–195. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4175.2.6
- Young, D.K., Hsiao, Y., Liang, W.R. & Lee, C.F. (2016) Descriptions of the mature larvae for two species of Pseudopyrochroa from Taiwan (Coleoptera: Pyrochroidae: Pyrochroinae), with notes on their natural history. Zootaxa, 4061 (5), 585–595. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4061.5.8
- Young, D.K., Telnov, D. & Pollock, D.A. (2020) Family Pyrochroidae Latreille, 1807. In: Iwan, D. & Löbl, I. (Eds.), Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera. Volume 5. Revised and Updated Second Edition. Tenebrionoidea. Brill, Leiden, pp. 565–569. https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004434998
- Zauli, A., Carpaneto, G.M., Chiari, S., Mancini, E., Nyabuga, F.N., Redolfi De Zan, L., Romiti, F., Sabbani, S., Audisio, P.A., Hedenström, E., Bologna, M.A. & Svensson, G.P. (2016) Assessing the taxonomic status of Osmoderma cristinae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), endemic to Sicily, by genetic, morphological and pheromonal analyses. Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research, 54, 206–214. https://doi.org/10.1111/jzs.12127