Skip to main content Skip to main navigation menu Skip to site footer
Responsive image
Issue: Vol. 5351 No. 4: 28 Sept. 2023
Type: Article
Published: 2023-09-28
DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5351.4.3
Page range: 453-466
Abstract views: 186
PDF downloaded: 20

Two new species of Scotinella Banks, 1911 (Araneae: Phrurolithidae) from Mexico, with a discussion on the female genitalic morphology and intraspecific variation

Laboratorio de Aracnología y Entomología; Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste S.C.; La Paz; 23096; Baja California Sur; México
Laboratorio de Entomología “Biol. Sócrates Cisneros Paz”; Facultad de Biología; Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo. Morelia; 58004; Michoacán; México
Laboratorio de Entomología “Biol. Sócrates Cisneros Paz”; Facultad de Biología; Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo. Morelia; 58004; Michoacán; México
Araneae spiders secondary spermathecae Phonotimpus Michoacán

Abstract

The taxonomy of the spider family Phrurolithidae in western Mexico remains poorly investigated. In this work, based on both sexes, we describe Scotinella garman sp. nov. and S. poncei sp. nov. from Michoacán. Specimens of the two new species were collected using pitfall traps in a pine forest, organic avocado orchard, and tropical deciduous forest. The two species seem to be sister species as they resemble each other in several morphological characteristics. Females of Scotinella poncei sp. nov. display a striking variability in the size and depth of the atrium and copulatory openings. Moreover, we discuss the female genitalia conformation of Scotinella, specifically the homology of the secondary spermathecae, and record the genus Phonotimpus Gertsch & Davis, 1940 in western Mexico for the first time.

 

References

  1. Álvarez-Padilla, F. & Hormiga, G. (2007) A protocol for digesting internal soft tissues and mounting spiders for scanning electron microscopy. Journal of Arachnology, 35 (3), 538–542. https://doi.org/10.1636/Sh06-55.1
  2. Álvarez-Padilla, F. (2012) Laboratorio de Aracnología Facultad de Ciencias UNAM. Available from: http://www.unamfcaracnolab.com (accessed 10 January 2023)
  3. Chamé-Vázquez, D., Ibarra-Núñez, G. & Jiménez, M.-L. (2018) Redescription of Phonotimpus separatus Gertsch & Davis, 1940 (Araneae: Phrurolithidae) and description of two new species of Phonotimpus from Mexico. Zootaxa, 4407 (2), 213–228. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4407.2.3
  4. Chamé-Vázquez, D., Campuzano, E.F. & Ibarra-Núñez, G. (2021) A new species of the genus Phonotimpus Gertsch & Davis (Araneae: Phrurolithidae) from Mexico and the transfer of Gosiphrurus schulzefenai Chamberlin & Ivie to Phonotimpus. Zootaxa, 4938 (5), 571–580. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4938.5.4
  5. Chamé-Vázquez, D. & Jiménez, M.-L. (2022) A new spider of the genus Scotinella Banks, 1911 (Araneae: Phrurolithidae) from Mexico and new combinations in Phrurolithidae. Zootaxa, 5099 (2), 286–292. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5099.2.8
  6. Crews, S. (2009) Assessment of rampant genitalic variation in the spider genus Homalonychus (Araneae, Homalonychidae). Invertebrate Biology, 128, 107–125. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7410.2008.00157.x
  7. Dondale, C.D. & Redner, J.H. (1982) The insects and arachnids of Canada, Part 9. The sac spiders of Canada and Alaska, Araneae: Clubionidae and Anyphaenidae. Research Branch Agriculture Canada Publication, 1724, 1–194.
  8. Guzmán-García, C.E., Vallejo-Castro, G. & Ponce-Saavedra, J. (2018) Diversidad genérica de arañas en una huerta de aguacate y un bosque de pino adyacente en el municpio de Ario Rosales, Michoacán, México. Entomología Mexicana, 5, 8–14.
  9. Jiménez, M.-L., Nieto-Castañeda, I.G., Correa-Ramírez, M.M. & Palacios-Cardiel, C. (2015) Las arañas de los oasis de la región meridional de la península de Baja California, México. Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad, 86, 319–331. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rmb.2015.04.028
  10. Levi, H.W. (1965) Techniques for the study of spider genitalia. Psyche, 72, 152–158. https://doi.org/10.1155/1965/94978
  11. Magalhaes, I.L.F. (2019) Spreadsheets to expedite taxonomic publications by automatic generation of morphological descriptions and specimen lists. Zootaxa, 4624 (1), 147–150. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4624.1.12
  12. Maldonado-Carrizales, J., Ponce-Saavedra, J. & Valdez-Mondragón, A. (2021) Riqueza y abundancia de arañas (Arachnida: Araneae) en ambientes urbanos y su vegetación aledaña al poniente de la ciudad de Morelia, Michoacán, México. Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad, 92, e923650. https://doi.org/10.22201/ib.20078706e.2021.92.3650
  13. Platnick, N.I. (2019) The guardstone spiders of the Phrurotimpus palustris group (Araneae, Phrurolithidae). American Museum Novitates, 3944, 1–29. https://doi.org/10.1206/3944.1
  14. Platnick, N.I., Chamé-Vázquez, D. & Ibarra-Núñez, G. (2022) The guardstone spiders of the genus Phonotimpus Gertsch & Davis (Araneae: Phrurolithidae) from northeastern Mexico. Zootaxa, 5219 (1), 1–48. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5219.1.1
  15. Penniman, A.J. (1985) Revision of the britcheri and pugnata groups of Scotinella (Araneae Corinnidae, Phrurolithinae) with a reclassification of phrurolithine spiders. The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, 247 pp.
  16. Ramírez, M.J. (2014) The morphology and phylogeny of dionychan spiders (Araneae: Araneomorphae). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 390, 1–374. https://doi.org/10.1206/821.1
  17. World Spider Catalog (2023) World Spider Catalog. Version 24. Natural History Museum Bern. Available from: http://wsc.nmbe.ch (accessed 9 January 2023) https://doi.org/10.24436/2