Abstract
The teleostean family Cyprinidae is a megadiverse fish taxon that occupies most of the freshwater biomes of the world. The cyprinid genus Sarcocheilichthys of the subfamily Gobioninae is represented by a total of 14 nominal species, most of which are distributed in the vast continent of China. Our recent field collections and surveys in river systems of Fujian Province, southern China, had discovered a cyprinid fish that was recognized herein as a Sarcocheilichthys species new to science. The undescribed species, temporarily known as the Hanjiang rainbow gudgeon, is most similar to S. nigripinnis but can be well distinguished by differences in meristic counts, dorsal fin blotch patterns, and the morphology of oromandibular structures and genital organs. A detailed redescription of the valid Hainan rainbow gudgeon, S. hainanensis, is also provided herein.
References
- Abbott, J.F. (1901) List of fishes collected in the River Pei-Ho, at Tien-Tsin, China, by Noah Fields Drake, with descriptions of seven new species. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 23 (1221), 483–491.
- An, C.T., Zhang, E. & Shen, J.Z. (2020) Sarcocheilichthys vittatus, a new species of gudgeon (Teleostei: Cyprinidae) from the Poyang Lake basin in Jiangxi Province, South China. Zootaxa, 4768 (2), 201–220. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4768.2.3
- Bănărescu, P.M. & Coad, B.W. (1991) Cyprinids of Eurasia. In: Winfield, I.J. & Nelson, J.S. (Eds.), Cyprinid Fishes: Systematics, Biology and Exploitation. Chapman and Hall, London, pp. 127–155.
- Bănărescu, P.M. & Nalbant, T.T. (1967) Revision of the genus Sarcocheilichthys (Pisces, Cyprinidae). Věstnik Československé společnosti zoologické, 31, 293–312.
- Bănărescu, P.M. & Nalbant, T.T. (1973) Pisces, Teleostei, Cyprinidae (Gobioninae). Das Tierreich. Lieferung, 93, 1–304.
- Bleeker, P. (1871) Mémoire sur les cyprinoïdes de Chine. Verhandelingen der Koninklijke Akademie van Wetenschappen (Amsterdam), 12 (2), 1–91, pls. 1–14.
- Bleeker, P. (1859) Conspectus systematis Cyprinorum. Nauurkunding Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch-indie, 20, 421–441.
- Chen, I-S. & Chang, Y.C. (2007) Taxonomic revision and mitochondrial sequence evolution of the cyprinid genus Squalidus (Teleostei: Cyprinidae) in Taiwan with description of a new species. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology Suppl, 14, 69–76.
- Chen, I-S., Wu, J.H. & Huang, S.P. (2009) The taxonomy and phylogeny of the cyprinid genus Opsariichthys Bleeker (Teleostei: Cyprinidae) from Taiwan, with description of a new species. Environmental Biology of Fishes, 86, 165–183.
- Chevey, P. & Lemasson, J. (1937) Contribution a l’etude des poissons des eaux douces tonkinoises. Notes Institut Oceanograhique de L’Indochine, 33, 1–183, pl. 44.
- Dybowski, B.N. (1872) Zur Kenntniss der Fischfauna des Amurgebietes. Verhandlungen der K.-K. zoologisch-botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 22, 209–222.
- Fowler, H.W. & Bean, B.A. (1920) A small collection of fishes from Soochow, China, with descriptions of two new species. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 58 (2338), 307–321.
- Fujita S, Komiya T, Takeshima H, Watanabe K, Nishida M. (2008) Isolation and characterization of 15 microsatellite loci for the Japanese gudgeon Sarcocheilichthys variegatus. Molecular Ecology Resources, 8 (6), 1335–1337.
- Günther, A. (1873) Report on a collection of fishes from China. Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 4), 12 (69), 239–250.
- Hosoya, K. (1982) Classification of the cyprinid genus Sarcocheilichthys from Japan, with description of a new species. Japanese Journal of Ichthyology, 29 (2), 127–138.
- Kitamura, J.I. (2011) Host mussel utilization by Sarcocheilichthys variegatus variegatus (Cyprinidae, Sarcocheilichthyinae) in a drainage ditch and the Harai River of the Kushida River system, Japan. Japanese Journal of Ichthyology, 58, 195–198. [in Japanese]
- Kottelat, M. (2001) Freshwater fishes of northern Vietnam. A preliminary check-list of the fishes known or expected to occur in northern Vietnam with comments on systematics and nomenclature. Environment and Social Development Unit, East Asia and Pacific Region. The World Bank. i–iii + 1–123 + 1–18, 15 pls.
- Kuang, Y.-D. (1986) The freshwater and estuaries fishes of Hainan Island. Guangdong Science and Technology Press, Guangzhou, 372 pp.
- Li, X., Sun, Z., Tang, W. & Zhao, Y. (2022) Revalidation and redescription of Sarcocheilichthys sciistius (Abbott, 1901) (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae) from the northern China. Zootaxa, 5141 (4), 341–357.
- Liu, S.Q., Tang, Q.Y., Li, X.J. & Liu, H.Z. (2013) Phylogeographic analyses of Sarcocheilichthys nigripinnis (Teleostei: Cyprinidae) based on mitochondrial DNA Cyt b gene sequences. Zoological Research, 34(5), 437–445. [in Chinese]
- Luo, Y.L., Yue, P.C. & Chen, Y.Y. (1977) Gobioninae. In: Wu, X.W. (Ed.), Zhongguo like yulei zhi (The cyprinid fishes of China). Volume 2. Shanghai Science and Technology Press, Shanghai, pp. 439–549. [in Chinese]
- Mai, D.Y. (1978) Identification of the freshwater fishes of North Viet Nam. Ha Noi, Scientific & Technology, Scientific and Technology Publisher, Hanoi, 340 pp, pls. 1–48.
- Mori, T. (1927) Notes on the genus Sarcocheilichthys, with the descriptions of four new species. Annotationes Zoologicae Japonenses, 11 (2), 97–106..
- Nichols, J.T. (1918) New Chinese fishes. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 31, 15–20.
- Nichols, J.T. & Pope, C.H. (1927) The fishes of Hainan. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 54 (2), 321–394, pl. 26.
- Nichols, J.T. (1930) Some Chinese freshwater fishes. XXIV. Two new Mandarin fishes. XXV. New Sarcocheilichthys in northeastern Kiangsi. American Museum Novitates, 431, 1–6.
- Near, T.J. & Benard, M.F. (2004) Rapid allopatric speciation in logperch darters (Percidae: Percina). Evolution, 58 (12), 2798–2808.
- Nelson, J.S., Grande, T.C. & Wilson, M.V.H. (2016) Fishes of the World. 5th edition. John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken, N.J., v–xli pls. + 707 pp.
- Nguyễn, V.H. & Ngô, SV (2001) Cá nước ngọt Việt Nam : Tập 1: Họ cá chép. NXB Nông Nghiệp, Hà Nội. 622 pp.
- Sauvage, H.-E. (1878) Note sur quelques Cyprinidae et Cobitidae d’espèces inédites, provenant des eaux douces de la Chine. Bulletin de la Société philomathique de Paris (7th Série), 2, 86–90.
- Seehousen, O. & Wagner, C.E. (2014) Speciation in Freshwater Fishes. Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics, 45, 621–651
- Tang, K.L., Agnew, M.K., Chen W.-J., Vincent Hirt, M., Raley, M.E., Sado, T., Schneider, L.M., Yang, L., Bart, H.L., He, S., Liu, H., Miya, M., Saitoh, K., Simons, A.M., Wood, R.M. & Mayden, R.L. (2011) Phylogeny of the gudgeons (Teleostei: Cyprinidae: Gobioninae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 61 (1), 103–124 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2011.05.022
- Temminck, C.J. & Schlegel, H. (1846) Pisces. In: Siebold, P.F. de (Ed.), Fauna Japonica, sive descriptio animalium, quae in itinere per Japoniam suscepto annis 1823-1830 collegit, notis, observationibus et adumbrationibus illustravit Ph. Fr. de Siebold. Lugduni Batavorum (Apud Arnz et socios), Leiden, pp. 173–269, pls. 10–14.
- Yang, J., He, S., Freyhof, J., Witte, K.E. & Liu, H. (2006) The phylogenetic relationships of the Gobioninae (Teleostei: Cyprinidae) inferred from mitochondrial cytochrome b gene sequences. Hydrobiologia, 553, 255–266. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-005-1301-3
- Yang, L., Sado, T., Hirt, M.V., Pasco-Viel, E., Arunachalam, M., Li, J., Wang X.Z., Freyhof, J., Saitoh, K., Simons, A.M., Miya, M., He, S.P. & Mayden, R.L. (2015) Phylogeny and polyploidy: resolving the classification of cyprinine fishes (Teleostei: Cypriniformes). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 85, 97–116. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2015.01.014
- Yonezawa K. (1958) A study on the three forms of Sarcocheilichthys variegatus in Lake Biwa. Japanese Journal of Ichthyology, 7 (1), 19–23.
- Yue, P.Q. (1998) Gobioninae. In: Chen, Y.Y. (Eds.), Fauna Sinica. Science Press, Beijing, pp. 232–389. [in Chinese]
- Zhang, L., Tang, Q.Y. & Liu, H.Z. (2008) Phylogeny and speciation of the eastern Asian cyprinid genus Sarcocheilichthys. Journal of Fish Biology, 72, 1122–1137. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2007.01733.x