Skip to main content Skip to main navigation menu Skip to site footer
Responsive image
Issue: Vol. 5604 No. 2: 13 Mar. 2025
Type: Article
Published: 2025-03-13
DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5604.2.1
Page range: 101-117
Abstract views: 110
PDF downloaded: 7

What does the morphology tell us about it? Completing the reverse taxonomy of Pericharini Grishin, 2019 (Hesperiinae)

Laboratório de Estudos de Lepidoptera Neotropical; Departamento de Zoologia; Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR); Curitiba; Paraná; Brazil
Laboratório de Estudos de Lepidoptera Neotropical; Departamento de Zoologia; Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR); Curitiba; Paraná; Brazil
Laboratório de Estudos de Lepidoptera Neotropical; Departamento de Zoologia; Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR); Curitiba; Paraná; Brazil
Lepidoptera Hesperiidae Neotropical Papilionoidea Phylogeny Skippers

Abstract

Pericharini Grishin, 2019 (Hesperiidae: Hesperiinae), a recently described tribe based on molecular data, comprises two subtribes, seven genera, and 32 Neotropical species. In the absence of the needed morphological diagnoses for both subtribes, the aim of this paper is to present the morphological characteristics of Pericharini, and its two subtribes. Specimens representing the seven genera of Pericharini were examined in this study. The morphology of Pericharini is described, Orphina and Pericharina are diagnosed based on characters found in the forewing and the male genitalia. In addition, this paper briefly discusses the lack of morphological characters that distinguish Orses Godman, 1901 and Perichares Scudder, 1872.

 

References

  1. Burns, J.M., Janzen, D.H., Hajibabaei, M., Hallwachs, W. & Hebert, P.D.N. (2008) DNA barcodes and cryptic species of skipper butterflies in the genus Perichares in Area de Conservación Guanacaste, Costa Rica. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 105 (17), 63506355. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0712181105
  2. Bybee, S.M., Zaspel, J.M., Beucke, K.A., Scott, C.H., Smith, B.W. & Branham, M.A. (2010) Are molecular data supplanting morphological data in modern phylogenetic studies? Systematic Entomology, 35 (1), 2–5. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.2009.00496.x
  3. Carneiro, E., Mielke, O.H.H. & Casagrande, M.M. (2013) Thorax and abdomen morphology of some Neotropical Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera). Insecta Mundi, 0327, 1–47.
  4. Comstock, J.H. & Needham, J.G. (1898) The wings of insects. Chapter III. The specialization of wings by reduction. The American Naturalist, 32 (376), 231–257. https://doi.org/10.1086/276835
  5. Comstock, J.H. & Needham, J.G. (1899) The wings of insects. The American Naturalist, 33 (395), 845–860. https://doi.org/10.1086/277462
  6. Cong, Q., Zhang, J., Shen, J. & Grishin, N.V. (2019) Fifty new genera of Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera). Insecta Mundi, 0731, 1–56.
  7. Constantino, L.M., Vargas, J.I. & Salazar, J.A. (2013) Descripción de nuevas especies y subespecies de Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera: Gryphocera). Boletín Científico. Centro de Museos. Museo de Historia Natural, 17 (1), 258–267.
  8. Ehrlich, P.R. (1960) The integumental anatomy of the silver-spotted skipper, Epargyreus clarus Cramer (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae). Microentomology, 24 (1), 1–23.
  9. Evans, W.H. (1952) A catalogue of the American Hesperiidae indicating the classification and nomenclature adopted in the British Museum (Natural History). Part II. Pyrginae. Section I. British Museum (Natural History), London, v + 178 pp., pls. 10–25.
  10. Evans, W.H. (1953) A catalogue of the American Hesperiidae indicating the classification and nomenclature adopted in the British Museum (Natural History). Part III. Pyrginae. Section 2. British Museum (Natural History), London, v + 246 pp., pls. 26–53.
  11. Evans, W.H. (1955) A Catalogue of the American Hesperiidae Indicating the Classification and Nomenclature Adopted in the British Museum (Natural History). Part IV. Hesperiinae and Megathyminae. British Museum, London, v + 499 pp., pls. 54–88.
  12. Godman, F.D. (1901) Hesperiidae. In: Godman, F.D. & Salvin, O. (Eds.), Biologia Centrali-Americana, Insecta, Lepidoptera Rhopalocera, 2, pp. 244–637, pls. 73–106. [1879–1901]
  13. Grishin, N.V. (2019) Expanded phenotypic diagnoses for 24 recently named new taxa of Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera). The Taxonomic Report of the International Lepidoptera Survey, 8 (1), 1–15.
  14. Li, W., Cong, Q., Shen, J., Zhang, J., Hallwachs, W., Janzen, D.H. & Grishin, N.V. (2019) Genomes of skipper butterflies reveal extensive convergence of wing patterns. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 116 (13), 6232–6237. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1821304116
  15. Markmann, M. & Tautz, D. (2005) Reverse taxonomy: an approach towards determining the diversity of meiobenthic organisms based on ribosomal RNA signature sequences. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 360 (1462), 1917–1924. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2005.1723
  16. Mielke, O.H.H. (2005) In: Catalogue of the American Hesperioidea: Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera). Hesperiinae 1: Adlerodea ­– Lychnuchus. Vol. 4. Sociedade Brasileira de Zoologia, Curitiba, pp. 775–1055.
  17. Mielke, O.H.H. (2024) Catalogue of the American Hesperioidea: Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera). Volume 7. Hesperiinae–Part 3 Hesperiini–Part 3, Moncina, Thymelicina, Megathymini, Pericharini. Version march 8, 2024. Available from: https://sites.google.com/site/lablepneo/publica%C3%A7%C3%B5es/livros (accessed 6 December 2024)
  18. Miller, L.D. (1970) Nomenclature of wing veins and cells. Journal of Research on the Lepidoptera, 8 (2), 37–48.
  19. Miller, L.D., Harvey, D.J. & Miller, J.Y. (1985) Notes on the genus Euphyes, with description of a new subspecies (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae). Florida Entomologist, 68 (2), 323–335. https://doi.org/10.2307/3494369
  20. Toussaint, E.F.A. & Warren, A.D. (2019) A review of red-eye pigmentation and diel activity patterns in skippers (Lepidoptera, Papilionoidea, Hesperiidae). Journal of Natural History, 53 (35–36), 2165–2181. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2019.1692090
  21. Warren, A.D., Ogawa, J.R. & Brower, A.V. (2008) Phylogenetic relationships of subfamilies and circumscription of tribes in the family Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera: Hesperioidea). Cladistics, 24 (5), 642–676. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-0031.2008.00218.x
  22. Warren, A.D., Ogawa, J.R. & Brower, A.V. (2009) Revised classification of the family Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera: Hesperioidea) based on combined molecular and morphological data. Systematic Entomology, 34 (3), 467–523. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.2008.00463.x
  23. Warren, A.D., Dolibaina, D.R. & Grishin, N.V. (2015) In limbo no longer: a new genus for a rare Amazonian skipper, Telles pyrex. Tropical Lepidoptera Research, 25 (2), 46–51.
  24. Zhang, J., Cong, Q., Shen, J., Brockmann, E. & Grishin, N.V. (2019) Three new subfamilies of skipper butterflies (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae). Zookeys, 861, 91–105. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.861.34686
  25. Zhang, J., Lees, D.C., Shen, J., Cong, Q., Huertas, B., Martin, G. & Grishin, N.V. (2020) The mitogenome of a Malagasy butterfly Malaza fastuosus (Mabille, 1884) recovered from the holotype collected over 140 years ago adds support for a new subfamily of Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera). Genome, 63 (4), 195–202. https://doi.org/10.1139/gen-2019-0189
  26. Zhang, J., Cong, Q., Shen, J. & Grishin, N.V. (2022a) Taxonomic changes suggested by the genomic analysis of Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera). Insecta Mundi, 921, 1–135.
  27. Zhang, J., Cong, Q., Shen, J., Song, L., Gott, R. J., Boyer, P., Guppy, C. S., Kohler, S., Lamas, G., Opler, P.A. & Grishin, N.V. (2022b) Taxonomic discoveries enabled by genomic analysis of butterflies. The Taxonomic Report of the International Lepidoptera Survey, 10 (7), 1–59.
  28. Zhang, J., Cong, Q. & Grishin, N.V. (2023) Descriptions of one hundred new species of Hesperiidae. Insecta Mundi, 1026, 1–115.