Skip to main content Skip to main navigation menu Skip to site footer
Responsive image
Issue: Vol. 5609 No. 2: 20 Mar. 2025
Type: Article
Published: 2025-03-20
DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5609.2.1
Page range: 151-173
Abstract views: 83
PDF downloaded: 2

A new species of Choroterpes Eaton, 1881 (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae) from the River Cauvery, Karnataka, India

Department of Zoology; Nadar Mahajana Sangam S. Vellaichamy Nadar College; Nagamalai; Madurai–625019; Tamil Nadu; India.; Department of Zoology; Thiagarajar College; Madurai–625009; Tamil Nadu; India.
Department of Zoology; Thiagarajar College; Madurai–625009; Tamil Nadu; India.
Department of Zoology; The Madura College; Madurai–625011; Tamil Nadu; India.
Department of Zoology; Nadar Mahajana Sangam S. Vellaichamy Nadar College; Nagamalai; Madurai–625019; Tamil Nadu; India.
Ephemeroptera mayfly taxonomy new species Western Ghats River Cauvery

Abstract

Choroterpes (Euthraulus) kanagae sp. nov. is described based on larvae and male imago, collected from the River Cauvery, Karnataka, India. The new species is differentiated from other known species of the subgenus Euthraulus Barnard, 1932 by the following combination of characters: posterior margin of abdominal terga I–VII with a dark brown band; tergalius I absent; dorsal lamella of tergalius VII with two terminal processes; costal projection of hind wing acute; segment I of gonostylus slender without inner-apical angle; penis slender, elongated, little longer than ½ of gonostylus length. Comparison of larvae and male imaginal characters of known species of Indian Choroterpes (Euthraulus) are provided. Mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) gene was amplified from larva and adult, and compared with published sequences of related species.

 

References

  1. Allen, R.K. (1974) Neochoroterpes, a new subgenus of Choroterpes Eaton from North America (Ephemeroptera, Leptophlebiidae). Canadian Entomologist, 106 (2), 161–168. https://doi.org/10.4039/Ent106161-2 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4039/Ent106161-2
  2. Barnard, K.H. (1932) South African May-flies (Ephemeroptera). Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa, 20, 201–259. https://doi.org/10.1080/00359193209518858 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00359193209518858
  3. Burian, S.K. (2001) A revision of the genus Leptophlebia Westwood in North America (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae: Leptophlebiinae). Bulletin of Ohio Biological Survey, New Series, 13 (3), 1–80.
  4. Dinakaran, S., Balachandran, C. & Anbalagan, S. (2009) A new species of Choroterpes (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae) from a tropical stream of south India. Zootaxa, 2064 (1), 21–26. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2064.1.2 DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2064.1.2
  5. Eaton, A.E. (1881) An announcement of new genera of the Ephemeridae. Entomologist’s Monthly Magazine, 17, 191–197.
  6. Eaton, A.E. (1882) An announcement of new genera of the Ephemeridae (continued). Entomologist Monthly Magazine, 18, 207–208.
  7. Edmunds, G.F.Jr. (1972) Biogeography and evolution of Ephemeroptera. Annual Review of Entomology, 17, 21–42. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.en.17.010172.000321 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.en.17.010172.000321
  8. Felsenstein, J. (1985) Confidence limits on phylogenies: An approach using the bootstrap. Evolution, 39, 783–791. https://doi.org/10.2307/2408678 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1985.tb00420.x
  9. Folmer, O., Black, M., Hoeh, W., Lutz, R. & Vrijenhoek, R. (1994) DNA primers for amplification of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I from diverse metazoan invertebrates. Molecular Marine Biology and Biotechnology, 3, 294–299.
  10. Gillies, M.T. (1951) Further notes on Ephemeroptera from India and South East Asia. Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London, Series B, 20, 121–130. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.1951.tb01009.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.1951.tb01009.x
  11. Guan, J.Y., Zhang, Z.Y., Cao, Y.R., Xu, X.D., Storey, B., Yu, D.N. & Zhang, J.Y. (2021) The complete mitochondrial genome of Choroterpes (Euthralus) yixingensis (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae) and its mitochondrial protein-coding gene expression under imidacloprid stress. Gene, 800, 145833. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gene.2021.145833 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gene.2021.145833
  12. Guo, Z.-Q., Shen, C.-Y., Cheng, H.-Y., Chen, Y.-X., Wu, H.-Y., Storey, K. B., Yu, D.-N. & Zhang, J.-Y. (2024) Mitogenome-Based Phylogeny with Divergence Time Estimates Revealed the Presence of Cryptic Species within Heptageniidae (Insecta, Ephemeroptera). Insects, 15 (10), 745. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects15100745 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/insects15100745
  13. Hrivniak, Ľ., Sroka, P., Bojková, J., Godunko, R.J., Soldán, T. & Staniczek, A.H. (2020) The impact of Miocene orogeny for the diversification of Caucasian Epeorus (Caucasiron) mayflies (Ephemeroptera: Heptageniidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 146, 106735. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2020.106735 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2020.106735
  14. Jacobus, L.M., Macadam, C.R. & Sartori, M. (2019) Mayflies (Ephemeroptera) and Their Contributions to Ecosystem Services. Insects, 10 (170), 1–26. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/insects10060170
  15. Kimura, M. (1980) A simple method for estimating evolutionary rate of base substitutions through comparative studies of nucleotide sequences. Journal of Molecular Evolution, 16, 111–120. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01731581 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01731581
  16. Kjærstad, G., Webb, J.M. & Ekrem, T. (2012) A review of the Ephemeroptera of Finnmark–DNA barcodes identify Holarctic relations. Norwegian Journal of Entomology, 59, 182–195.
  17. Kluge, N. & Jacobus, L.M. (2015) Monochoroterpes, a replacement name for Monophyllus Kluge, 2012 (Insecta: Ephemeroptera), nec Monophyllus Leach, 1821 (Mammalia: Chiroptera). Zootaxa, 3946 (1), 150. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3946.1.11 DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3946.1.11
  18. Kluge, N.J. (1984) [Mayflies of the subgenus Euthraulus Barn. (Ephemeroptera, Leptophlebiidae, genus Choroterpes) of the fauna of the USSR]. Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie [Reveu d’ Entomologie de’ 1USSR], 63 (4), 722–728. [in Russian, Entomolical Review, 64 (2), 54–62 (English translation)]
  19. Kluge, N.J. (2012) Contribution to the knowledge of Choroterpes (Ephemeroptera, Leptophlebiidae). Russian Entomological Journal, 21 (3), 273–306. https://doi.org/10.15298/rusentj.21.3.04 DOI: https://doi.org/10.15298/rusentj.21.3.04
  20. Kluge, N.J., Srinivasan, P., Vasanth, M., Sivaruban, T., Barathy, S. & Isack, R. (2022) Review of the subgenus Euthraulus (Ephemeroptera, Leptophlebiidae, genus Choroterpes) from the Western Ghats (India). Zootaxa, 5181 (1), 1–85. [monograph] https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5181.1.1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5181.1.1
  21. Kondratieff, B.C. & Voshell, J.R. (1984) The North and Central American species of Isonychia (Ephemeroptera: Oligoneuriidae). Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 110, 129–244.
  22. Lestage, J.A., 1924. Les Ephéméres de l’Afrique du Sud. Catalogue critique & systematique des espèces connues et description de trois genera nouveaux et de sept espèces nouvelles. Revue Zoologique Africaine, 12, 316–352.
  23. McCafferty, W.P. & Edmunds, G.F. Jr. (1979) The higher classification of the Ephemeroptera and its evolutionary basis. Annals Entomological Society of America, 72, 5–12. https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/72.1.5 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/72.1.5
  24. Muthukatturaja, M. & Balasubramanian, C. (2022) A new mayfly species of Choroterpes (Choroterpes) Eaton, 1881 (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae) from southern Western Ghats, India. Zootaxa, 5128 (1), 142–150. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5128.1.9 DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5128.1.9
  25. O’Donnell, B.C. & Jockusch, E.L. (2008) Phylogenetic relationships of leptophlebiid mayflies as inferred by histone H3 and 28S ribosomal DNA. Systematic Entomology, 33, 651–667. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.2008.00434.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.2008.00434.x
  26. Ogden, T.H. & Whiting, M.F. (2005) Phylogeny of Ephemeroptera (mayflies) based on molecular evidence. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 37, 625–643. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2005.08.008 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2005.08.008
  27. Ogden, T.H., Gattolliat, J.L., Sartori, M., Staniczek, A.H., Soldan, T. & Whiling, M.F. (2009) Towards a new paradigm in mayfly phylogeny (Ephemeroptera): conbined analysis of morphological and molecular data. Systematic Entomology, 34, 616–634. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.2009.00488.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.2009.00488.x
  28. Pescador, M.L. & Peters, W.L. (1980) Phylogenetic relationships and zoogeography of cool-adapted Leptophlebiidae (Ephemeroptera) in southern South America. In: Flannagan, J.F. & Marshall, K.E. (Eds.), Advances in Ephemeroptera Biology. Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Ephemeroptera, Winnipeg, Canada, 4–10 July 1979. Plenum Press, New York, New York, pp. 43–56. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-3066-0_4 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-3066-0_4
  29. Peters, W.L. & Edmunds, G.F. Jr. (1964) A revision of the generic classification of the Ethiopian Leptophlebiidae (Ephemeroptera). Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London, 116 (10), 225–253. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2311.1964.tb01082.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2311.1964.tb01082.x
  30. Saitou, N. & Nei, M. (1987) The neighbor-joining method: A new method for reconstructing phylogenetic trees. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 4, 406–425.
  31. Selvakumar, C., Arunachalam, M. & Sivaramakrishnan, K.G. (2013) A new species of mayfly (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae) from the Western Ghats, India. Oriental Insects, 47 (2–3), 169–175. https://doi.org/10.1080/00305316.2013.811020 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00305316.2013.811020
  32. Selvakumar, C., Janarthanan, S. & Sivaramakrishnan, K.G. (2015) A new species of the Choroterpes Eaton, 1881 subgenus Monophyllus Kluge, 2012 and a new record of the subgenus Choroterpes, s.s. (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae) from southern Western Ghats, India. Zootaxa, 3941 (2), 284–288. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3941.2.8 DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3941.2.8
  33. Selvakumar, C., Subramanian, K.A., Chandra, K. & Jehamalar, E.E. (2017) A new species of Choroterpes Eaton, 1881 (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae) from India, Zootaxa, 4338 (1), 189–194. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4338.1.12 DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4338.1.12
  34. Sivaramakrishnan, K.G. (2016) Systematics of the Ephemeroptera of India: Present status and future prospects. Zoosymposia 11, 033–052. https://doi.org/10.11646/zoosymposia.11.1.8 DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zoosymposia.11.1.8
  35. Sroka, P. & Soldán, T. (2008) The Tricorythidae of the Oriental Region, In: Hauer, F.R. Stanford, J.A. & Newell, R.L. (Eds.), International Advances in the Ecology, Zoogeography, and Systematics of mayflies and stoneflies. University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, California, pp. 313–354. https://doi.org/10.1525/california/9780520098688.003.0021 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1525/california/9780520098688.003.0021
  36. Stephens, J.F. (1835) Family III.—Ephemeridae, Leach. Illustrations of British Entomology, Mandibulata, 6, 54–70.
  37. Subramanian, K.A., Vasanth, M. & Kubendran, T. (2024) Fauna of India Checklist: Arthropoda: Insecta: Ephemeroptera. Version 1.0. Zoological Survey India. Available from: https://zsi.gov.in/checklist (accessed 10 February 2025) https://doi.org/10.26515/Fauna/1/2023/ DOI: https://doi.org/10.26515/Fauna/1/2023/
  38. Tamura, K., Stecher, G. & Kumar, S. (2021) MEGA 11: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis Version 11. Molecular Biology and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msab120 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msab120
  39. Tong, X. & Dudgeon, D. (2003) Choroterpes (Choroterpes) petersi, a new species of Leptophlebiidae (Insecta: Ephemeroptera) from China. Pan-Pacific Entomologist, 79 (1), 71–74.
  40. Webb, J.M., Jacobus, L.M., Funk, D.H., Zhou, X., Kondratieff, B., Geraci, C.J., DeWalt, R.E., Baird, D.J, Richard, B., Phillips, I. & Hebert, P.D.N. (2012) A DNA Barcode library for North American Ephemeroptera: progress and prospects. PLoS ONE, 7 (5), e38063. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0038063 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0038063
  41. Wolf, H.G. & Mort, M.A. (1986) Inter–specific hybridization underlies phenotypic variability in Daphnia populations. Oecologia, Berlin, 68, 507–511. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00378763 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00378763